Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

أَزَمَ, aor. ـِ {يَأْزِمُ}, inf. n. أَزْمٌ and أُزُومٌ, He bit with the whole mouth, vehemently: (Ḳ:) or with the canine teeth: or you say, أَزَمَهُ, and أَزَمَ عَلَيْهِ, meaning he bit it, and then repeated [the action] upon it, not letting it go: or he seized upon it with his mouth: (TA:) or أَزَمَهُ signifies [simply] he bit it: (Ṣ:) and أَزَمَ عَلَيْهِ, aor. ـِ {يَأْزِمُ}, inf. n. أَزْمٌ; and أَزِمَ, aor. ـَ {يَأْزَمُ}, inf. n. أَزَمٌ; the same; or he seized, or took hold, upon it with his teeth: (Mṣb:) and أَزَمْتُ يَدَ الرَّجُلِ I bit the arm, or hand, of the man most vehemently. (TA.) أَزَمَ بِهَا occurs in a trad. as meaning He bit it, (referring to a ring of a coat of mail,) and held it between two of his central teeth. (AO.) And in another trad., أَزَمَ فِى يَدِهِ, meaning He bit his arm, or hand. (TA.) And you say, أَزَمَ الفَرَسُ عَلَى فَأْسِ اللِّجَامِ The horse seized [with his teeth, or champed,] upon the فأس [q. v.] of the bit. (Ḳ.) And أَزْمٌ signifies also The cutting with the canine tooth, and with a knife, (Ḳ,) and with other things. (TA.)

[And hence,] أَزَمَ عَلَيْنَا, (Ṣ, Mṣb,* Ḳ,*) aor. ـِ {يَأْزِمُ}, inf. n. أَزْمٌ (Ṣ) and أُزُومٌ, (TA,) said of a time, (Ṣ, Mṣb,) or a year, (Ḳ,) It was, or became, distressful, or afflictive, to us, [as though it bit us,] by drought, dearth, or scarcity; (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ;) and scant in its good things; (Ṣ;) as also أَزِمَ, aor. ـَ {يَأْزَمُ}, inf. n. أَزَمٌ. (Mṣb.) And أَصَابَتْهُمْ سَنَةٌ أَزَمَتْهُمْ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,*) inf. n. أَزْمٌ, (Ṣ,) A year, or year of dearth or drought or sterility, befell them, which extirpated them: (Ṣ, Ḳ:*) or, accord. to Sh, the verb in this sense is only with و. (TA. [See art. ارم.])

[Hence also,] أَزَمَ بِهِ, (AZ, Ṣ, Ḳ,) inf. n. أَزْمٌ, (TA,) He clave to him, namely, his companion; (AZ, Ṣ, Ḳ;) and to it, namely, a place. (Ḳ.) And أَزَمَ عَلَيْهِ, (Ḳ,) aor. ـِ {يَأْزِمُ}, inf. n. أَزْمٌ, (TA,) He kept, attended, or applied himself, constantly, perseveringly, or assiduously, to it; (Ḳ;) he clave to it. (TA.) And أَزَمَ بِضَيْعَتِهِ, or لَهَا, (accord. to different copies of the Ḳ, the former being the reading in the TA,) and عَلَيْها, (TA,) inf. n. أُزُومٌ, (AZ, TA,) He kept, attended, or applied himself, constantly, perseveringly, or assiduously, to his ضيعة [or land,, &c.]. (AZ, Ḳ, TA.)

أَزَمَ, (Nh, Ḳ,) inf. n. أَزْمٌ, (Nh, TA,) also signifies He held his teeth together, one upon another: (Nh:) [and he compressed, or put together, his lips: (see آزِمٌ:)] and he closed, or locked, a door. (Ḳ, TA.) It is said in a trad., السِّوَاكُ تَسْتَعْمِلُهُ عِنْدَ تَغَيُّرِ الفَمِ مِنَ الأَزْمِ The stick for cleaning the teeth, thou shalt use it on the occasion of the mouth's becoming altered in odour from the holding of the teeth together. (Nh.)

[And hence,] أَزَمَ, (Ṣ, Nh, Mṣb,) inf. n. أَزْمٌ, (Mṣb, Ḳ,) He held, refrained, or abstained, (Ṣ, Ḳ,*) عَنِ الشَّىْءِ from the thing: (Ṣ, TA:) and he held, refrained, or abstained, from desiring much: (TA:) and from food (Mṣb, Ḳ *) and drink; (Mṣb;) as also أَزِمَ, aor. ـَ {يَأْزَمُ}, inf. n. أَزَمٌ: (Mṣb:) and from speech; (Nh, Ḳ;*) like as does the faster from food: and hence, (Nh,) or from the next preceding signification, (Mṣb,) حِمْيَةٌ [meaning as explained in what follows] is termed أَزْمٌ: (Nh, Mṣb:) but accord. to the relation commonly known, of a trad. in which أَزَمَ is said to occur in the last of the senses explained above, the word is أَرَمَّ, with ر and with teshdeed in the case of the م. (Nh.) It is related in a trad., that ʼOmar having asked El-Hárith Ibn-Keledeh, the طَبِيب of the Arabs, “What is the [best] remedy?” (Ṣ,) or having asked him respecting [the best] medical, or curative, treatment, (Mṣb,) the latter said, الأَزْمُ, meaning الحِمْيَةُ; (Ṣ, Mṣb;) both these words here meaning The practising abstinence; (PṢ;) or the abstaining, or desisting, from eating: (TA:) or, in this instance, (TA,) الأَزْمُ signifies the not putting in food upon food: and (some say, TA) the being silent: (Ḳ, TA:) and it signifies also strength. (TA.)

أَزَمَ الشَّىْءُ The thing became contracted; became drawn together, or compressed; as also أَزِمَ, aor. ـَ {يَأْزَمُ}. (Ḳ.)

تأزّم القَوْمُ, (TA,) or تأزّم القَوْمُ دَارَهُمْ, (Ṣ,) The people, or company of men, stayed, remained, or dwelt, long in their abode. (Ṣ, TA.)

أَزِمٌ [part. n. of أَزِمَ; fem. with ة {أَزِمَةٌ}]: see أَزْمَةٌ.

أَزْمَةٌ [inf. n. of un. of 1: and hence,] A single act of eating; (Ḳ, TA;) i. e. an eating but once in the course of the day; like وَجْبَةٌ [q. v.]. (TA.)

Also, (Fr, Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) andأَزَمَةٌ↓ andآزِمَةٌ↓, (Fr, Ḳ, [the last in the CK like the first,]) Straitness, hardness, or distress; (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ;) drought, dearth, or sterility: (Ṣ, Mṣb:) pl. (of the first, TA) أَزْمٌ↓, (Ḳ,) [or rather this is a coll. gen. n.,] like as تَمْرٌ is of تَمْرَةٌ, (TA,) [but originally an inf. n. of أَزَمَ. q. v.,] and إِزَمٌ, (Ḳ,) like as بِدَرٌ is of بَدْرَةٌ. (TA.) Hence the trad., اشْتَدِّى أَزْمَةٌ تَنْفَرِجِى, meaning Become severe, O year of drought, or dearth, or sterility: then thou wilt pass away: though it has been strangely asserted that ازمة is here the proper name of a woman, to whom, on an occasion of her being taken with the pains of labour, these words were said by the Prophet. (TA.) You also say سَنَةٌ أَزْمَةٌ andأَزِمَةٌ↓, (Ḳ,) so in the copies of the Ḳ, there said to be like فَرِحَةٌ, but correctly آزِمَةٌ↓, as in the M, &c., (TA,) [or both are correct, being part. ns., respectively, of أَزِمَ and أَزَمَ,] andأَزُومَةٌ↓, meaning A distressful, or an afflictive, year; (Ḳ;) a year of vehement drought or dearth or sterility. (TA.) And أَوَازِمُ [pl. ofآزِمَةٌ↓, used as a subst.,] signifies Distressful, or afflictive, years. (TA.) أَزَامِ↓, also, (Ḳ,) or, accord. to Aboo-ʼAlee, أَزُومُ↓, (IB,) [each a proper name, as denoting a kind of personification,] signifies The year of drought or dearth or sterility. (Ḳ.) And you say,نَزَلَتْ بِهِمْ أَزَام↓ andأَزُومُ↓ Severe straitness, or distress, befell them. (Ṣ, TA.*)

أَزُومٌ: see آزٌم, in three places.

أَزُومُ: see أَزْمَةٌ, in two places.

Also, the former, Cleaving to a thing; (Ḳ;) and soأُزَامٌ↓. (Ṣgh, Ḳ.)

آزِمٌ act. part. n. of أَزَمَ Biting with the whole mouth, vehemently: [&c.:] as alsoأَزُومٌ↓: (Ḳ: [in the CK the former is erroneously written اَزْمٌ:]) or the latter signifies that has a habit of biting; or that bites much; syn. عَضُوضٌ: (Ḥam p. 532:) pl. of the former أُزُومٌ: (Ḥam p. 360:) and of the latter أُزُمٌ. (Ḥam p. 609.) [Hence,]الأَزُومُ↓ The biting lion; or the lion that bites much, or vehemently; الأَسَدُ العَضُوضُ. (TA.)

[Hence also,] The canine tooth; syn. نَابٌ; and soآزِمَةٌ↓; andأَزُومٌ↓: pl. of the first أُزَّمٌ; and of the second آوازِم; and of the third أُزُمٌ. (M, Ḳ.)

Also Having his lips compressed, or put together. (AZ, Ṣ.)

مَأْزِمٌ A narrow, or strait, place; a place of narrowness or straitness; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) like مَأْزِلٌ; (Ṣ;) of a land, and of the pudendum muliebre, and of life, (Ḳ,) or of the means of subsistence; (Lḥ, Ḳ;) or of any kind: (TA:) any narrow road between two mountains: (Ṣ, Mṣb:) a narrow place in mountains, such that one part meets another, and the place beyond widens: (TA:) pl. مَآزِمُ. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

And hence, (Mṣb,) A place of war or fight; (Ṣ, Mṣb;) because of the straitness of the state thereof, and the difficulty of escape from it. (Mṣb.)

مُتَأَزِّمٌ Smitten, or afflicted, by أُزْمَة [or straitness,, &c.]: (Ḳ:) or expressing pain or grief, or lamenting, or complaining, on account of the straitness, or distressfulness, or afflictiveness, (أَزْمَة and شِدَّة,) of time, or fortune. (TA.)