Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

أخّر, (Ṣ, Ḳ, &c.,) inf. n. تَأْخِيرٌ, (Ḳ,) is trans. (Ṣ, Ḳ, &c.) and intrans.: (Ḳ:) as a trans. verb it signifies He made to go back or backwards, to recede, retreat, retire, or retrograde: he put, or drove, back: he put, or placed, behind, or after; back, or backward: he made to be behind, or posterior, or last: he made to remain behind, hold back, hang back, or lag behind: he kept, or held, back: he postponed, put off, procrastinated, deferred, delayed, or retarded: he made backward, or late: contr. of قَدَّمَ. (Mṣb, TA.)

أَخَّرَنِى إِلَى مُدَّةٍ He granted me a delay, or postponement, to a certain term, or period. (TA in art. اجل.)

For its significations as an intrans. verb, see 5, in two places.

تأخّر is quasi-pass. of the trans. verb أخّر {2}; (Ṣ, A, Mṣb;) i. e. He, or it, went back or backwards, drew back, receded, retreated, retired, or retrograded: became put, or driven, back: became put, or placed, behind, or after: became behind, posterior, or last: he remained behind, or in the rear; held back, hung back, lagged behind, or delayed; was, or became, backward, or late: it was, or became, kept back, postponed, put off, procrastinated, deferred, delayed, or retarded: contr. of تَقَدَّمَ: (TA:) andاستأخَر↓ is syn. therewith; (Ṣ, Ḳ:) andأخّر↓, inf. n. تَأْخِيرٌ, signifies the same, being intrans. as well as trans. (Ḳ.) An ex. of the latter occurs in a saying of Moḥammad to ʼOmar: أَخِّرْ↓ عَنّىِ Retire thou from me: or the meaning is, أَخِّرْعَنِّى رَأْيَكَ [hold thou back from me thine opinion; or reserve thou thine opinion until after mine shall have been given]. (TA.) You say, تَأَخِّرَ عَنْهُ تَأَخُّرَةً وَاحِدَةً [He went back,, &c., from him, or it, once]. (Lḥ.) And تأخّر عَنِ الشَّىْءِ, or الأَمْرِ, He went back,, &c., from the thing, or the affair: he was, or became, behind, behindhand, or backward, with respect to it: he held back, hung back, refrained, or abstained, from it; andاستأخر↓ عَنْهُ signifies the same. (The Lexicons in many places.) فَإِذَا جَآءَ أَجَلُهُمْ لَا يَسْتَأْخِرُونَ↓ سَاعَةً, in the Ḳur vii. 32 and other places, means And when their time is come, for punishment, they will not remain behind, or be respited, [any while, or] the shortest time: or they shall not seek to remain behind, by reason of intense terror. (Bḍ.)

أَخِرٌ [an epithet variously explained]. One says, in reviling, (Ṣ, TA,) but not when the object is a female, (TA,) أَبْعَدَ اَللّٰهُ الأَخِرَ, (Th, Ṣ, A, &c.,) andالآخِرَ↓ (M, &c.,) or this latter is wrong, (Mesháriḳ of ʼIyáḍ, Mgh, Mṣb,) as is also الآخَرَ↓, (Mesháriḳ of ʼIyáḍ,) meaning ‡ May God alienate, or estrange, from good, or prosperity, or may God curse, him who is absent from us, (A, Mṣb, TA,) distant, or remote: (A, Mṣb:) or the outcast; the alienated: (Mṣb:) or him who is put back, and cast away: so says Sh: or, accord. to ISh, him who is put back, and remote from good: and he adds, I think that الأَخِير↓ is meant: (L:) or the base fellow: or the most ignoble: or the miserable wretch: (Et-Tedmuree and others:) or the last speaker: (Nawádir of Th:) or الاخر is here a metonymy for the devil: (Lb:) it is a word used [for the reason explained voce أَبْعَدُ] in relating what has been said by one of two persons cursing each other, to the other; (Expositions of the Fṣ;) and the phrase above mentioned is meant to imply a prayer for those who are present [by its contrasting them with the person to whom it directly applies]. (A.) One also says, لَا مَرْحَبًا بِالْأَخِرِ, [alluding to a particular person,] meaning [May the place, or land, not be ample, or spacious, or roomy,] to the remote from good. (TA.) It is said in a trad. of Mázin, إِنَّ الأَخِرَقَدْ زَنَى Verily the outcast, (Mgh, Mṣb,) or he who is remote, and held back, from good,, (Mgh,* TA,) hath committed adultery, or fornication: the speaker meaning himself; (Mgh, Mṣb;) as though he were an outcast. (Mṣb.) And in another trad. it is said, المَسْأَلَةُ أَخِرُ كَسْبِ المَرْءِ Begging is the most ignoble [mode of] gain of man: but El-Khaṭṭábee relates it with medd, [i. e.آخِرُ↓,] explaining it as meaning begging is the last thing whereby man seeks sustenance when unable to gain [by other means]. (TA.)

أُخُرٌ The back, hinder, or latter, part: the hindermost, or last, part: contr. of قُدُمٌ. (Ḳ.)[See also مُؤَخَّرٌ; from which it appears to be distinguished by its being used only adverbially, or with a preposition: and see آخِرٌ.] You say, شُقَّ ثَوْبُهُ أُخُرًا, and مِنْ أُخُرٍ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,*) His garment was rent, or slit, in its back, or hinder, part, (Ṣ,) or behind. (Ḳ.) And تَأَخَّرَ أُخُرًا [He retired backwards]. (A.) And جَآءِ أُخُرًا: see آخِرٌ, in two places.

بِعْتُهُ بِأَخِرَةٍ I sold it (namely the article of merchandise, TA) with postponement of the payment; upon credit; for payment to be made at a future period; syn. بِنَظِرةٍ; (Ṣ, A, Ḳ;) i. e. بِنَسِئَةٍ. (Ṣ.)

أُخْرَى: see آخَرُ, of which it is the fem.: and see also آخِرٌ.

أُخْرَاةٌ another fem. of آخَرُ. (Ḳ.)

[أُخْرَوِىٌّ and أُخْرَاوِىٌّ Relating to the other state of existence, or the world to come.]

آخَرُ a subst., of the measure أَفْعَلُ, but implying the meaning of an epithet, (Ṣ,) from أَخَّرَ in the sense of تَأَخَّرَ, (TA,) Another; the other; a thing [or person] other than the former or first; (L;) i. q. غَيْرٌ; (Ḳ;) as in the phrases, رَجُلٌ آخَرُ another man, and ثَوْبٌ آخَرُ another garment or piece of cloth: (TA:) or one of two things [or persons]; (Ṣ, Ṣgh, Mṣb;) as when you say, جَآءَ القَوْمُ فَوَاحِدٌ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا وَآخَرُ كَذَا The people came, and one was doing thus, and one [i. e. another] thus: (Ṣgh, Mṣb:) originally meaning more backward: (TA:) fem. أُخْرَى↓ (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ) andأُخْرَاةٌ↓; (Ḳ) which latter is not well known: (MF:) pl. masc. آخَرُونَ and أُخَرُ; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) [the latter irreg. as such;] and, applied to irrational things, أَوَاخِرُ, like as أَفَاضِلُ is pl. of أَفْضَلُ: (Mṣb:) and pl. fem. إُخْرَيَاتٌ and إُخَرُ; (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ;) which latter is imperfectly decl.; for an epithet of the measure أَفْعَلُ which is accompanied by مِنْ has no [dual nor] pl. nor fem. as long as it is indeterminate; but when it has the article ال prefixed to it, or is itself prefixed to another noun which it governs in the gen. case, it has a dual and a pl. and a fem.; but it is not so with آخَرُ; for it has a fem. [and dual] and pl. without مِنْ and without the article ال and without its being prefixed to another noun: you say, مَرَرْتُ بِرَخُلٍ آخَرَ, and بِرِجَالٍ أُخَرَ and آخَرِينَ, and بِاٌمْرَأَةٍ, and بِنِسْوَةٍ [I passed by another man, and by other men, and by another woman, and by other women;] therefore, as it [namely إُخَرُ] is thus made to deviate from its original form, [i. e. آخَرُ, (I’Aḳ p. 287,) which is of a class of words used, when indeterminate, alike as sing. and dual and pl.,] and is [essentially and originally] an epithet, it is imperfectly decl., though a pl.: but when you name thereby a man, it is perfectly decl., when inderminate, accord. to Akh, or imperfectly decl. accord. to Sb. (Ṣ, L.) The dim. of آخَرُ is أُوَيْخِرُ↓; the ا with the ء suppressed following the same rule as the ا in ضَارِبٌ: (TA:) and the dim. of إُخْرَى is أُخَيْرَى↓. (Ṣ.) See also الأُخْرَى voce آخِرٌ.

لَا أَفْعَلُهُ أُخْرَى اللَّيَالِى, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or اخرى المَنُونِ, (Ḳ,) means I will not do it ever: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) or the latter, I will not do it to the end of time. (Ṣ.) And أُخْرَى القَوْمِ, The last of the people. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) One says, جَآءَ فِى أُخْرَى القَوْمِ He came among the last of the people. (TA.) And جَآءِ فِى أُخْرَيَاتِ النَّاسِ He came among those who were the last of the people. (Ṣ, A, Ḳ.) [See also آخِرٌ.]

In أَبْعَدَ ٱللّٰهُ الآخَرَ, the last word is a mistake for الأَخِرَ q. v. (Mesháriḳ of ʼIyáḍ.)

آخِرٌ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) an epithet, of the measure فَاعِلٌ, (Ṣ,) andأَخِيرٌ↓, (Ṣ, Mṣb,) The last; aftermost; hindmost: and the latter; after; hinder: and [as a subst.] the end: contr. of أَوَّلُ: [or of أَوَّلٌ when used as a subst.:] (A, Mṣb, Ḳ:) or of مُتَقَدِّمٌ: (Lth, Mṣb:) or what is after the first or former: (Ṣ:) fem. of the former آخِرَةٌ: (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ:) pl. [masc.] آخِرُونَ (Ḳur xxvi. 84, &c.,) and (masc. and fem., Mṣb) أَوَاخِرُ (Ṣ, Mṣb) and fem. آخِرَاتٌ also: (Th:) andمَآخِيرُ↓ is syn. with أَوَاخِرُ; as in مَآخِيرُاللَّيْلِ [occurring in the Ṣ and Ḳ in art. جهم, meaning The last, or latter, parts, or portions, of the night]. (TḲ in art. جهم.) You say, جَآءِ آخِرًا andأَخِيرًا↓ andأُخُرًا↓ andبِأَخَرَةٍ↓, all meaning the same [He came lastly, or latterly]: and in like manner,مَا عَرَفْتُهُ إِلَّا أَخِيرًا↓ andالّا بِأَخَرَةٍ↓ [I did not know it save at the last, or lastly, or latterly]: (Ṣ:) orجَآءِ أَخِيرًا↓ andأُخُرًا↓ andأَخْرَةٌ↓ andبِأُخْرَةٍ↓ andأُخَرَةٍ↓ andبِأُخَرَةٍ↓ (Ḳ,) orأُخْرَةٌ↓ andبِأُخْرَةٍ↓ (Lḥ, L,) and بِآخِرَةٍ (TA) andإِخْرِيَّا↓ andأُخْرِيَّا↓ andإِخِرِيَّا↓ andآخِرِيَّا↓ (Ḳ) mean he came lastly of everything. (Ḳ.) It is said in a trad., respecting Moḥammad, كَانَ يَقُولُ بِأَخَرَةٍ↓ إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَقُومَ مِنَ المَجْلِسِ كَذَا وَكَذَا He used to say, at the end of his sitting, when he desired to rise from the place of assembly, thus and thus: or, accord. to IAth, it may mean, in the last, or latter, part of his life. (TA.) And you say, أَتَيْتُكَ آخِرَ مَرَّتَيْنِ and آخِرَ مَرَّتَيْنِ (IAạr, M, Ḳ.*) And لَا أُكَلِّمُهُ آخِرَ الدَّهْرِ I will not speak to him [to the end of time, or] ever. (A.) [See a similar phrase above, voce آخَرُ.] And جَاؤُوا عَنْ آخِرِهِمْ [They came with the last of them; عن being here syn. with بِ; meaning they came all, without exception]. (A.) [And كَانَ ذلِكَ فِى آخِرِ الشَّهْرِ, and السَّنَةِ; and فى أَوَاخِرِ هِمَا, That was in the end of the month, and of the year; and in the last days thereof.] And النَّهَارُ يَجُرٌ عَنْ آخِرٍ فَآخِرٍ [The day lengthens] hour by hour. (A.) See also أَخِرٌ, last sentence.

الآخِرُ is a name of God, signifying [The last; or] He who remaineth after all his creatures, both vocal and mute, have perished. (Nh.)

الآخِرَانِ The two hinder dugs of the she-camel; opposed to the قَادِمَانِ; (TA;) the two dugs that are next the thighs. (Ḳ.)

الآخِرَةٌ, (Ḳ,) for الدّارُ الآخِرَةُ, (Bḍ in ii. 3,) [and الحَيَاةُ الآخِرَةُ,] andالأُخْرَى↓, (Ḳ,) [The latter, ultimate, or last, and the other, dwelling, or abode, and life; i. e. the latter, ultimate, or last, and the other, world; the world, or life, to come; and the ultimate state of existence, in the world to come;] the dwelling, or abode, [and life,] of everlasting duration: (Ḳ:) [each] an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates. (Z, and Bḍ ubi suprà.) [Opposed to الدُّنْيَا. And آخِرَةٌ also signifies The enjoyments, blessings, or good, of the ultimate state; of the other world; or of the world, or life, to come: in which sense likewise it is opposed to دُنْيَا: (see an ex. of both voce بَاعَ, in art. بيع: so tooأُخْرَى↓.)]

آخِرَةُ الرَّحْلِ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) and السَّرْجِ, (Mṣb,) and آخِرُهُ, (Ṣ in art. قدم, and Ḳ,) andمُؤْخِرَتُهُ↓, (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) which is a rare form, or, accord. to Yaạḳoob, not allowable, (Ṣ,) andمُؤخِرُهُ↓, and مُؤَخَّرَتُهُ, andمُؤَخَّرُهُ↓, (Ṣ in art. قدم, and Ḳ,) andمُؤَخِّرَتُهُ↓, (Mṣb, Ḳ,) or this is a mistake, (Mgh, Mṣb,) andمُؤَخِّرُهُ↓, (Ḳ,) but the first of all is the most chaste, (Mṣb,) The thing, (Ṣ,) or piece of wood, (Mṣb,) of the camel's saddle, (Ṣ, Mṣb,) and of the horse's, (Mṣb,) against which the rider leans [his back]; (Ṣ, Mṣb;) the contr. of its قَادِمَة [by which term قادمة is meant the وَاسِط]: (Ḳ:) the واسط of the camel's saddle is the tall fore part which is next to the breast of the rider; and its آخرة is its hinder part; (Az, L;) i. e. its broad piece of wood, (Mgh,) or its tall and broad piece of wood, (Az, L,) which is against, or opposite to, (تُحَاذِى,) the head [and back] of the rider: (Az, Mgh, L:) [for] the آخرة and the واسط are the شَرْخَانِ, between which the rider sits: this is the description given by En-Naḍr [ISh]; and all of it is correct: there is no doubt respecting it: (Az, L:) the pl. of آخرة is is أَوَاخِرُ. (Mṣb.)

آخِرَةُ العَيْنِ: see مُؤْخِرُالعَيْنِ.

آخِرٌ andأَخِيرٌ↓ [accord. to some] also signify Absent. (Ḳ.) But see أَخِرٌ, second sentence.

مُؤْخِرُ العَيْنِ, (T, Ṣ, A, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ, [in the CK مُؤَخَّرها,]) said by AO, (Mṣb,) or AʼObeyd, (TA,) to be better without teshdeed, from which observation it is to be understood that teshdeed in this case is allowable, though rare, but Az disallows it, (Mṣb, TA,) and مُؤْخِرَتُهَا, andآخِرَتُهَا↓, (Ḳ,) [The outer angle of the eye;] the part of the eye next the temple; (Ṣ, A, Mgh, Mṣb;) the part next the لَحَاظ: (Ḳ:) opposed to its مُقْدِم, which is the extremity thereof next the nose: (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb:) pl. مَآخِرُ. (Mgh.) You say, إَلَيَّ بِمُؤْخِرِ [He looked at, or towards, me from (lit. with) the outer angle of his eye]. (Ṣ.)

مُؤْخِرُ الرَّحْلِ, and مُؤْخِرَتُهُ: see آخِرٌ.

مُؤَخَّرٌ The back, hinder, or latter, part of anything: its hindermost, or last, part: contr. of مُقَدَّمٌ: as in the phrase, ضَرَبَ مُؤَخَّرَ رَأْسِهِ [He struck the back, or hinder part, of his head]. (Ṣ, Mṣb.)[See also أُخُرٌ and آخِرٌ.]

مُؤَخَّرُالرَّحْلِ, and مُؤَخَّرَتُهُ: see آخِرٌ.

المُؤَخِّرُ a name of God, [The Postponer, or Delayer;] He who postpones, or delays, things, and puts them in their places: [or He who puts, or keeps, back, or backward: or He who degrades:] contr. of المُقَدِّمُ. (TA.)

مُؤَخِّرُ الَّرحْلِ, and مُؤَخِّرَتُهُ: see آخِرٌ.

نَخْلَةٌ مِئْخَارٌ A palm-tree of which the fruit remains until the end of winter: (AḤn, Ḳ:) and until the end of the time of cutting off the fruit of palm-trees: (Ṣ, M, Ḳ:) contr. of مِبْكَارٌ and بَكُورٌ: pl. مَآخِيرُ. (A.)

مُتَأَخِّرٌ: see its verb.

[An author, or other person, of the later, or more modern, times.]

المُستَأْخِرِينَ in the Ḳur xv. 24 is said by Th to mean Those who come to the mosque after others, or late: (TA:) or it means those who are later in birth and death: or those who have not yet come forth from the loins of men: or those who are late, or backward, in adopting the Muslim religion and in fighting against unbelievers and in obedience. (Bḍ.)