Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

بَرِئَ, [aor. ـَ {يَبْرَأُ}, inf. n. generally بُرْءٌ or بَرَآءَةٌ,] He was, or became, clear, or free, of, or from, a thing; in the manners which will be explained below: (Bḍ ii. 51:) he was, or became, in a state of freedom or immunity, secure, or safe. (T.) [Hence,] بَرِئَ مِنَ المَرَضِ, and بَرَأَ, (T, Mṣb,) aor. ـَ {يَبْرَأُ} and بَرُؤَ, aor. ـُ {يَبْرُأُ}; (Mṣb;) inf. n. بُرْءٌ: (T, Mṣb:) or بَرِئَ من المرض, inf. n. بُرْءٌ, with damm; and the people of El-Ḥijáz say بَرَأَ, inf. n. بَرْءٌ, with fet-ḥ: (Ṣ:) accord. to Aṣ, بَرِىَ من المرض is of the dial. of Temeem; and بَرَأَ of the dial. of the people of El-Ḥijáz: or, accord. to AZ, the people of El-Ḥijáz say بَرَأَ; and the rest of the Arabs say بَرِئَ: (T:) or بَرَأَ [alone], said of a sick man, aor. ـُ {يَبْرُأُ} and ـَ {يَبْرَأُ}; and بَرِئَ; and بَرُؤَ; inf. n. بَرْءٌ [probably a mistranscription for بُرْءٌ] and بُرُؤٌ: or, accord. to Lḥ, the people of El-Ḥijáz say بَرَأَ, aor. ـُ {يَبْرُأُ}, inf. n. بُرْءٌ and بُرُؤٌ [i. e. بُرُوْءٌ]; and the people of El-ʼÁliyeh, [بَرَأَ,] aor. ـَ {يَبْرَأُ}, inf. n. بُرْءٌ and بُرُؤُ; and Temeem, بَرِئَ, [aor. ـَ {يَبْرَأُ},] inf. n. بُرْءٌ and بُرُؤٌ: (M:) or بَرَأَ, (Ḳ,) said by IḲṭṭ to be the most chaste form, (TA,) aor. ـَ {يَبْرَأُ}, (Ḳ,) agreeably with analogy, (TA,) and ـُ, (Ḳ,) said by Zj to be the only instance of a verb of the measure فَعَلَ with ء for its last radical letter having its aor. of the measure يَفْعُلُ, [though others mention also قَرَأَ, aor. يَقْرُؤُ, and هَنَأَ, aor. يَهْنُؤُ,] and asserted to be a bad form, (TA,) inf. n. بُرْءٌ and بُرُوْءٌ; and بَرُؤَ, (Ḳ,) not a chaste form, (TA,) aor. ـُ {يَبْرُأُ}; and بَرِئَ, (Ḳ,) a chaste form, (TA,) [and the most common of all,] aor. ـَ {يَبْرَأُ}, inf. n. بَرْءٌ and بُرُؤٌ, (Ḳ, TA,) or بُرْءٌ, (CK,) and بُرُوْءٌ; (Ḳ, TA;) He became free from the disease, sickness, or malady: (T:) or [he recovered from it:] he became convalescent; or sound, or healthy, at the close of disease, but was yet weak; or he recovered, but not completely, his health and strength; syn. نِقَهَ; (M, Ḳ;) i. e., he acquired that slight degree of soundness, or health, which comes at the close of disease, but with disease remaining in him. (TA.) [And بَرِئَ الجُرْجُ, or بَرَأَ, The wound healed; or became in a healing state: of frequent occurrence.] And بَرِئَ مِنَ الأَمْرِ, [the only form of the verb used in this case, and in the other cases in which it is mentioned below,] aor. ـَ {يَبْرَأُ} and ـُ {يَبْرُأُ}, the latter extr., (M, Ḳ,) or rather it is very strange, for IḲooṭ says that نَعِمَ, aor. يَنْعُمُ, and فَضِلَ, aor. يَفْضُلُ, are the only instances of this kind, (TA,) inf. n. بَرَآءَةٌ (M, Ḳ) and بَرَآءٌ (Lḥ, M, Ḳ) and بُرُؤٌ, (M,) or بُرْءٌ, (Ḳ, TA,) or بُرُوْءٌ; (CK;) andتبرّأ↓; (Ṣ,* M, Ḳ, Mgh;*) [He was, or became, free from the thing, or affair; or clear, or quit, thereof; clear of having or taking, or of having had or taken, any part therein; guiltless of it: and also, irresponsible for it; as in an ex. q. v. voce عِضَاضٌ:] said in relation to [a fault or the like, and] a debt, and a claim, and religion [&c.]. (Lḥ, M.) You say, بَرِئَ مِنَ العَيْبِ, (Mgh, Mṣb,) or العُيُوبِ, (Ṣ,) inf. n. بَرَآءَةٌ, (Mgh,) He was, or became, free (Mṣb) [from the fault, defect, imperfection, blemish, or vice], (Mgh, Mṣb,) [or faults,, &c.]. (Ṣ.) And بَرِئَ مِنَ الدَّيْنِ, (T, Mgh, Mṣb,) or الدُّيُونِ, (Ṣ,) aor. ـَ {يَبْرَأُ}, (T, Mṣb,) inf. n. بَرَآءَةٌ, (T, Mgh, Mṣb,) He was, or became, clear, or quit, of the debt; (or debts; Ṣ;) irresponsible for it [or them]: or in a state of immunity with respect to it [or them]; i. e., exempt from the demand thereof. (Mṣb.) And بَرئَ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ حَقِّكَ, inf. n. بَرَآءَةٌ and بَرَآءٌ (Lḥ, M) and بُرُؤٌ, [He was, or became, clear, or quit, to thee, of thy claim, or due, or right; or exempt from the demand thereof;] as alsoتبرّأ↓. (M.) And بَرِئْتُ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ فُلَانٍ, inf. n. بَرَآءةٌ, [I was, or became, or have become, clear, to thee, of having or taking, or of having had or taken, any part with such a one; or, irresponsible to thee for such a one:] (AZ, T, Ṣ:* [in one copy of the Ṣ, I find the phrase بَرِئْتُ مِنْكَ, commencing the art.; but not in other copies:]) this is the only form of the verb used in this case, and in relation to debt [and the like]. (AZ, T.)

He removed himself, or kept, far, or aloof, [from unclean things, or things occasioning blame; followed by مِنْ, with which it may be rendered he shunned, or avoided;] syn. تَنَزَّهُ and تَبَاعَدَ. (T.) [You say, بَرِئَ مِنَ الأَقْذَارِ He removed himself, or kept, far, or aloof, from unclean things.]

He manifested an excuse, [or asserted himself to be clear or quit or irresponsible, likeتبرّأ↓,] and gave warning; syn. أَعْذَرَ and أَنْذَرَ. (T.) Hence, in the Ḳur [ix. 1], بَرَآءَةٌ مِنَ ٱللّٰهِ وَرَسُولِهِ A manifestation of excuse, and a warning, from God and his apostle. (T.)

بَرَأَ ٱللّٰهُ الخَلْقَ, (Fr, T, Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) or الخَلِيَقَةَ, (Mṣb,) aor. ـَ {يَبْرَأُ}, (T, M, &c.,) inf. n. بَرْءٌ (T, Ṣ, M, Ḳ) and بُرُوْءٌ, (AZ, Lḥ, M, Ḳ,) God created mankind, or the beings, or things, that are created, syn. خَلَقَ, (Fr, T, M, Mṣb, Ḳ,) after no similitude, or model, (TA,) [but, properly, though not always meaning so, out of pre-existing matter; for] Bḍ says [in ii. 51] that the primary meaning of the root برء is to denote a thing's becoming clear, or free, of, or from, another thing; either by being released [therefrom], as in بَرِئَ المَرِيضُ مِنْ مَرَضِهِ and المَدْيُونُ مِنْ دَينِهِ [both sufficiently explained above]; or by production [therefrom], as in بَرَأَ ٱللّٰهُ آدَمَ مِنَ الطِّينِ [God produced, or created, Adam, from, or out of, clay]. (TA.) This verb relates to substances [as in the exs. given above] and to accidents; and hence, [in the Ḳur lvii. 22,] مِنْ قبْلِ أَنْ نَبْرَأَهَا [Before our creating it, if ها refer to مُصِيبَة, preceding it; but, as Bḍ says, it may refer to this, or to الأَرْض, or to أَنْفُس]: (M:) but البَرْءُ has a more particular application than الخَلْقُ; the former being particularly applied to the creation of animate beings, with few exceptions: you say, بَرَأَ ٱللّٰهُ النَّسَمَةَ وَخَلَقَ السَّمٰوَاتِ وَالأَرْضَ [God created, or produced, man, or the soul, and He created the heavens and the earth]. (TA.) [To this verb, or perhaps to بَرَى, or to both, בָרָא is the Hebrew equivalent, properly (though not necessarily always) signifying “he created out of pre-existing matter,” or “he fashioned.”]

برّأهُ, inf. n. تَبْرئَةٌ: see 4, in four places. [Hence,] لَا التَّبْرِئَةِ The لا that denies in a general manner, absolutely, or to the uttermost; i. e. the لا that is a universal negative. (Mughnee, &c.)

Also He verified his being free [from a thing], clear, or quit, [of it,] guiltless [of it], or irresponsible [for it]. (Mgh, TA.)

بارأهُ, (T, Ṣ, M, Mgh, Ḳ,) inf. n. مُبَارَأَةٌ (T, M, Mgh) and بِرَآءٌ, (M,) He made him (his copartner) free, clear, quit, or irresponsible, the latter doing to him the same: (Mgh:) he compounded, or made a compromise, with him (his hired man, T, M) for their mutual separation: (M:) he separated himself from him (his copartner, Ṣ, O), the latter doing the same. (Ṣ, O, Ḳ.) And بَارَأْتُ الرَّجُلَ I became free, clear, quit, or irresponsible, to the man, he becoming so to me. (M.) And بارأ المَرْأَةَ, (T, M, Ḳ,) or ٱمْرَأَتَهُ, (Ṣ,) inf. n. as above, (M,) He compounded, or made a compromise, with the woman (or his wife, Ṣ) for their mutual separation; (M, Ḳ;) i. e. he divorced her for a compensation [which she was to make him, such as her giving up a portion of her dowry remaining due to her, in order that they might be clear, each of the other]: it occurs also [without ء] in art. برى. (TA.)

ابرأهُ He (God, Ṣ, M, Ḳ) [recovered him, or] restored him to convalescence, (M, Ḳ,) مِنَ المَرَضِ [from the disease, sickness, or malady]. (Ṣ.)

أَبْرَأَكَ مِنَ الأَمْرِ andبَرَّأَكَ↓ (M, Ḳ *) He (i. e. God, TA) made thee, pronounced thee, or held thee, or hath made thee,, &c., or may He make thee,, &c., to be free from the thing or affair, or clear or quit thereof, or guiltless thereof, or irresponsible for it; (TA;) [or He acquitted thee, or hath acquitted thee, or may He acquit thee, thereof; or He showed thee, or hath showed thee, or may He show thee, to be free from it,, &c.: see also 2, above:] said in relation to [a fault or the like, and] a debt, and a claim, and religion [&c.]. (M.) You say,بَرَّأْتُهُ↓ مِنَ العَيْبِ I made him, pronounced him, or held him, to be free from the fault, defect, imperfection, blemish, or vice. (Mṣb.) It is said in the Ḳur [xxxiii. 69],فَبَرَّأْهُ↓ ٱللّٰهُ مِمَا قَالُوا (M) But God showed him to be clear of that which they said. (Bḍ.) You say also, أَبْرَأْتُهُ مِنَ الدَّيْنِ I made him, pronounced him, or held him, to be clear, or quit, of the debt; irresponsible for it; or in a state of immunity with respect to it; i. e., exempt from the demand thereof: (Mṣb:) and أَبْرَأْتُهُ مِمَّا لِى عَلَيْهِ; andبَرَّأْتُهُ↓, inf. n. تَبْرِئَةٌ; [I acquitted him of that which he owed me:] (Ṣ:) and أَبْرَأْتُهُ [alone] I made him, pronounced him, or held him, to be clear, or quit, of a claim that I had upon him, or a due or right that he owed me. (Mgh.)

ابرأ [in the T (as on the authority of Aboo-ʼAmr Esh-Sheybánee) أَبْرَى] He entered upon [the night, or day, called] البَرَآء, q. v. (Ḳ.)

see 1, in three places. تبرّأ مِنْهُ also signifies He asserted himself to be free from it; or clear, or quit, of it; namely, a fault, or the like. (Mgh.) [And He declared himself to be clear of him; to be not connected, or implicated, with him; he renounced him: see Ḳur ii. 161 and 162, &c.:]

تَبَارَأْنَا We separated ourselves, each from the other. (TA.) [See 3.]

استبرأ, (T,) or استبرأ مِنَ البَوْلِ, (Mṣb,) He took extraordinary pains, or the utmost pains, in cleansing the orifice of his penis from the remains of urine, by shaking it and pulling it and the like, until he knew that nothing remained in it: (T:) or he purified, or cleansed, himself from urine; syn. تَنَزَّهُ عَنْهُ: (Mṣb:) or استبرأ, (M,) or استبرأ الذَّكَرَ, (Ḳ, TA,) signifies he took extraordinary pains, or the utmost pains, in cleansing the penis from urine; or he cleansed it entirely from urine; (M,* Ḳ,* TA;) and so استبرأ الفَرْجَ: and in like manner, استبرأتِ الفَرْجَ said of a woman: (El-Munáwee, TA:) but the lawyers make a distinction between اسْتِبْرَآءٌ and اِسْتِنْقَآءٌ [which are made syn. in the M and Ḳ]: see the latter word. (TA.)

And استبرأ الجَارِيَةَ, (T, Ṣ, Mgh,) or المَرْأَةَ, (M, Mṣb, Ḳ,) He abstained from sexual intercourse (T, M, Ḳ) with the girl whom he had purchased or whom he had taken captive, (T,) or with the woman, (M, Ḳ,) until she had menstruated (T, M, Ḳ) at his abode, once, and then become purified: (T:) the meaning is, (T,) he sought to find her free from pregnancy. (T, Mgh, Mṣb.)

Hence, (Mgh,) استبرأ الشَّيْءِ, (Z, Mgh, Mṣb,) or الأَمْرَ, (TA,) He searched, searched out, or sought to find or discover, the uttermost of the thing, or affair, (Z, Mgh, Mṣb, TA,) in order that he might know it, (Mgh,) to put an end to his doubt. (Z, Mgh, Mṣb, TA.) You say, اِسْتَبْرَأْتُ مَا عِنْدَكَ [I searched, or sought to find or discover, or I have searched,, &c., the uttermost of what thou hast, of knowledge, &c.]. (Ṣ, TA.) And استبرأ أرْضَ كَذَا فَمَا وَجَدَ ضَالَّتَهُ [He searched the uttermost of such a land and found not his stray beast]. (TA.) It is said in the Expos. of the Jámiʼ eṣ-Ṣagheer that اِسْتِبْرَآءٌ is an expression denoting The seeking, or seeking leisurely and repeatedly, to obtain knowledge of a thing, until one knows it; considering it with the endeavour to obtain a clear knowledge of it; taking, in doing so, the course prescribed by prudence, precaution, or good judgment. (Mgh.)

بُرُأَةٌ A hunter's lurking-place or covert: (T, Ṣ, M, Ḳ:) pl. بُرَأٌ. (T, Ṣ, M.) El-Aạshà says,

* بِهَا بُرَأٌ مِثْلُ الفَسِيلِ المُكَمَّمِ *

[At it (a source of water mentioned in the context) were hunters' lurking-places, like young palmtrees covered over: for tender young palm-trees are often covered over with a kind of coarse matting]. (T, Ṣ, M.)

بَرَآءٌ: see بَرِىْءٌ, in six places.

البَرَآءٌ The first night of the [lunar] month; (El-Mázinee, T, Ṣ, Ḳ;) called thus, (Ṣ,) or لَيْلَةُ البَرَآءِ, (M,) because the moon has then become clear of the sun: (Ṣ, M:) or the first day of the month: (AA, T, Ḳ:) or the last night thereof: (Aṣ, T, Ḳ:) or the last day thereof; (IAạr, T, Ḳ;) a fortunate day; every event happening therein being regarded as a means of obtaining a blessing; (IAạr, T;) but most hold that the last day of the month is termed النَّحِيرَةٌ; (TA;) as also اِبْنُ البَرَآءِ: (Ḳ:) or this is the first day of the month: (IAạr, T, TA:) pl. أَبْرِئَةٌ. (Th, M.)

بَرِىْءٌ Free, (Mṣb,) مِنْهُ from it; namely a fault, defect, imperfection, blemish, or vice; (Mgh, Mṣb;) and, also followed by مِنْهُ, clear, or quit, of it; irresponsible for it; or in a state of immunity with respect to it; i. e. exempt from the demand thereof; namely a debt, (Mṣb,) or a claim, or due, or right; (Mgh;) as alsoبَارِىٌ↓ andبَرَآءٌ↓. (Mṣb.) You say, أَنَا بَرِىْءٌ مِنْهُ [I am free from it,, &c.]; (T,* Ṣ, M, Ḳ;*) andبَرَآءٌ↓, used alike as sing. and dual and pl. (Fr, T, Ṣ, M, Ḳ) and masc. and fem., (Fr, T, M, Ḳ,) because it is originally an inf. n.; (Fr, T, Ṣ;) andبُرَآءٌ↓: (Ṣ, M:) the pl. of بَرِىْءٌ is بَرِيؤُونَ (T, Ṣ, Ḳ) and بُرَأءُ (T, Ṣ, M, Ḳ) and بُرَآءٌ, (T, M, Ḳ,) of the measure فُعَالٌ, (T,) like رُخَالٌ, (M, Ḳ,) of an extr. measure, disapproved by Suh, who says, in the R, that it is a contraction of بُرَأءُ, and has tenween because it resembles [words originally of the measure] فُعَالٌ, and that the rel. n. formed from it is بُرَاوِىٌّ↓, (TA,) but it is mentioned by AAF as a pl. of بَرِىْءٌ, and as being like رُخَالٌ, and Fr mentions بُرَآءُ as a pl. of the same, imperfectly decl., with one of the two hemzehs suppressed, (M,) and بِرَآءٌ (Ṣ, M, Ḳ) and أَبْرَآءٌ (Ṣ, Ḳ) and أَبْرِئَآءُ, (T, Ṣ, Ḳ,) the last two anomalous: (TA:) the fem. of بَرِيْءٌ is بَرِيْئَةٌ; pl. بَرِيْآتٌ (T, Ṣ, M, Ḳ) and بَرِيَّاتٌ (Lḥ, M, Ḳ) and بَرَايَا. (T, Ṣ, M, Ḳ.) You say, أَنَا بَرِىْءٌ مِنْهُ and خَلِىٌّ مِنْهُ [I am free from it; or, more commonly, I am clear, or quit, of it, or him]; andأنَا بَرَآءٌ↓ مِنْهُ and خَلَآءٌ مِنْهُ; (Ṣ;) andأَنَا البَرَآءُ↓ مِنْهُ: (M:) andنَحْنُ مِنْكَ البَرَآءُ↓ and الخَلَآءُ [We are clear, or quit, of you]; (Fr, T;) i. e., ذَوُو البَرَآءِ: so says Aboo-Is-ḥáḳ; and Aṣ says the like of what Fr says. (T.) It is said in the Ḳur [xliii. 25],إِنَّنِى بَرَآءٌ↓ مِمَّا تَعْبُدُونَ [Verily I am clear of that which ye worship]; (T, M;) or بَرِىْءٌ, orبُرَآءٌ↓; accord. to different readers. (Bḍ.) بَرِىْءٌ occurs in several places in the Ḳur. (M.) Accord. to IAạr, it signifies Clear of evil qualities or dispositions; shunning what is vain and false; remote from actions that occasion suspicion; pure in heart from associating any with God: and it signifies sound in body and intellect. (T.) See also بَارِئٌ, in two places.

بَرَآءَةٌ A writing of [i. e. conferring] immunity or exemption: from بَرِئَ مِنَ الدَّيْنِ and العَيْب, of which it is the inf. n.: pl. بَرَاآتٌ, with medd: بَرَاوَاتٌ is [pl. of بَرَاةٌ, and both of these are] vulgar. (Mgh.)

البَرِيَّةُ The creation; as meaning the beings, or things, that are created; or, particularly, mankind; syn. الخَلْقُ: (T, Ṣ, M:) pronounced without ء; (T, Ṣ;) originally with ء, like نَبِىٌّ and ذُرِّيَةٌ; (M;) and the people of Mekkeh differ from the other Arabs in pronouncing these three words with ء: (Yoo, T, M:) Lḥ says that the Arabs agree in omitting the ء in these three instances; and he does not except the people of Mekkeh: (M:) it is of the measure فَعِيلَةٌ in the sense of مَفْعُولَةٌ, (Mṣb,) from بَرَأَ ٱللّٰهُ الخَلْقَ, meaning خَلَقَهُمْ: (Fr, T:) or, if derived from البَرَى [“earth” or “dust”], it is originally without ء: (Fr, T, Ṣ:) pl. بَرَايَا and بَرِيَّاتٌ. (Ṣ in art. برو and برى.)

بَارِئٌ, (Ḳ,) or بَارِئٌ مِنْ مَرَضِهِ, (Lḥ, Ṣ, M,) [Recovering from his disease, sickness, or malady: or] convalescent; or becoming sound, or healthy, at the close of his disease, but being yet weak; or recovering, but not completely, his health and strength: [see 1:] (M, Ḳ:) as alsoبَرِئْءٌ↓: (Lḥ, M, Ḳ:) but whether the latter be properly used in this sense is disputed; while the former is said to be the act. part. n. of 1 in all its senses: (TA:) pl. بِرَآءٌ, (M, Ḳ,) like as صِحَاحٌ is pl. of صَحِيحٌ, accord. to Lḥ, so that he holds it to be pl. of بَرِىْءٌ; or it may be pl. of بَارِئٌ, like as جِيَاعٌ is pl. of جَائِعٌ, and صِحَابٌ of صَاحِبٌ. (M.) بَرِىْءٌ↓ is sometimes written and pronounced بَرِىٌّ [in all its senses]. (Ḳz.)

See also بَرِيْءٌ.

البَارِئُ, applied to God, The Creator; (T, Ṣ, Mṣb;) He who hath created the things that are created, not after any similitude, or model; (Nh;) or He who hath created those things free from any incongruity, or faultiness, (Mgh, and Bḍ in ii. 51,) and distinguished, one from another, by various forms and outward appearances: (Bḍ:) or the Former, or Fashioner; syn. المُصَوِّرُ [q. v.]. (M.)