Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

بَعَضَهُ البَعُوضُ, [aor. ـَ {يَبْعَضُ},] inf. n. بَعْضٌ, The بَعُوض [or gnats, or musquitoes,] bit him; and annoyed, or molested, him. (TA.) And بُعِضُوا They were bitten by the بَعُوض: (A:) or were annoyed, or molested, thereby. (Ḳ.) بَعَضَهُ is not used in relation to anything but بَعُوض. (TA.) A poet says, praising a man who passed the night within a كِلَّة [or thin curtain used for protection from gnats, or musquitoes], which is also called أَبُو دِثَارٍ,

* لَنِعْمَ البَيْتُ بَيْتُ أَبِى دِثَارٍ *

* إِذَا مَا خَافَ بَعْضُ القَوْمِ بَعْضَا *

[Excellent indeed is the tent, the tent of Aboo-Dithár, when some of the people fear biting, and annoyance, or molestation, from gnats, or musquitoes]: by بعضا meaning عَضًّا. (TA.)

بعضهُ, inf. n. تَبْعِيضٌ, He divided it into parts, or portions, (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) distinct, or separate, one from another. (Mṣb) You say, أَخَذُوا مَالَهُ فَبَعَّضُوهُ They took his property and divided it into parts, or portions. (A, TA.) And عَضَّى الشَّاةَ وَبَعَّضَهَا [He limbed, or dismembered, the sheep, or goat, and divided it into parts, or portions]. (A, TA.) [Hence,] مِنْ in certain cases, and بِ in the like cases, as in the saying شَرِبْتُ بِمَآءِ كَذَا [“I drank of,” i. e. “some of, such water”], are said to be لِلتَّبْعِيضِ [For the purpose of dividing into parts, or portions]. (Mṣb.)

ابعضوا They had بَعُوض [or gnats, or musquitoes], (Ḳ,) or abundance thereof, (A,) in their land. (A, Ḳ.)

تبعّض It was, or became, divided into parts, or portions. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

بَعْضٌ Some, or somewhat or some one, (lit. a thing,) of things, or of a thing: Th says that it signifies thus accord. to all the grammarians; (Mṣb, TA;) except Hishám, as will be seen hereafter: (TA:) or a part, or portion, (A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) of a thing, (Mṣb,) or of anything; (A, Ḳ;) whether little or much: (TA:) accord. to both these explanations, it may denote the greater part; as eight of ten: (Mṣb:) [thus it signifies some one or more; and it relates to persons and to other things:] pl. أَبْعَاضٌ; (Ṣ, IJ, Ḳ;) but ISd doubts whether IJ had an authority for this. (TA.) You say, بَعْضُ الشَّرِّ أَهْوَنُ مِنْ بَعْضٍ [Some kinds of evil are easier to be borne than some]. (A.) And جَارِيَةٌ حُسَّانَةٌ يُشْبِهُ بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا [A very beautiful girl, parts of whom resemble other parts]. (A.) [And ضَرَبَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا Some of them beat some; i. e. they beat one another.] And لَبِثْنَا يَوْمًا أَوْ بَعْضَ يَوْمٍ [We have tarried a day or part of a day]. (Ḳur xviii. 18.) And one says to a man of a company of men, “Who did this?” and he answers, أَحَدُنَا or بَعْضُنَا [Some one of us]; meaning himself. (A.) The article ال should not be prefixed to it, (Ḳ,* TA,) because it is originally a prefixed n., and as such determinate either literally or virtually, so that it does not admit another cause of being determinate; (TA;) contr. to what is said by IDrst (Ḳ, TA) and Ez-Zejjájee; for they said البَعْضُ and الكُلُّ; which, properly, as ISd says, is not allowable; and it is said in the O that IDrst, in this matter, was at variance with all the people of his age: (TA:) AḤát says that the Arabs did not say الكُلُّ nor البَعْضُ, but that people used these expressions, even Sb and Akh in their two books, by reason of their little knowledge in this way: (Ḳ,* TA:) a remark, says MF, which is extr., and needs no comment: (TA:) [for who surpassed Sb and Akh in knowledge respecting matters of this kind?] AḤát also relates his having told Aṣ that he had seen in the book of [that celebrated and chaste author] Ibn-El-Mukaffa', العِلْمُ الكَثِيرٌ وَلٰكِنَّ أَخْذَ البَعْضِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ تَرْكِ الكُلِّ [Science is large; but the acquiring of part is better than the neglecting of the whole]; and that Aṣ disapproved of it most strongly, saying that the article ال is not prefixed to بَعْضٌ and كُلٌّ because they are determinate without it: (TA:) Az, however, says that the grammarians allow its being prefixed to these two words, (Mṣb, TA,) though Aṣ disallows it, (TA,) because they are meant to be understood as prefixed ns.; (Mṣb;) or because the article is meant to be a substitute for the noun to which they should be prefixed; or, in the case of بَعْضٌ, because this word is equivalent to جُزْءٌ, which receives the article ال. (MF.) It is related of AO, that he assigned also to بَعْضٌ the contr. meaning of All; or the whole: adducing as a proof thereof the words of the Ḳur [xl. 29], يُصِبْكُمْ بَعْضُ ٱلَّذِى يَعِدُكُمْ as meaning All of that with which he threateneth you will befall you: and the saying of Lebeed.

* أَوْ يَعْتَلِقْ بَعْضَ النُّفُوسِ حِمَامُهَا *

[as meaning Or their death shall cling to all living creatures: or, accord. to another relation, او يَرْتَبِطْ, which means the same as او يعتلق]: thus also AHeyth explains the above-cited verse of the Ḳur; and thus Hishám explains the saying of Lebeed, erroneously asserting that بعض is here a pl.: (TA:) but with respect to the former instance, the Prophet had threatened them with two things, the punishment of the present world and that of the world to come; so he says, “This punishment will befall you in the present world;” which is part (بعض) of the two threats; without denying the punishment of the world to come: or, as Aboo-Is-ḥáḳ says, he mentions the part to indicate the necessary consequence of the whole: and as to the saying of Lebeed, by بعض النفوس he means himself. (TA [app. from ISd].)

أَرْضٌ بَعِضَةٌ A land abounding with بَعُوض [or gnats, or musquitoes]; (Ḳ;) as alsoمَبْعَضَةٌ↓, like as you say مَبَقَّةٌ. (TA.) And لَيْلَةٌ بَعِضَةٌ A night in which are many بَعُوض; as alsoمَبْعُوضَةٌ↓ (A, Ḳ.)

بَعُوضٌ [Gnats, or musquitoes;] i. q. بَقَّ [which signifies both gnats, or musquitoes, (called in Egypt نَامُوس,) and also bugs]: n. un. with ة {بَعُوضَةٌ}: (Ṣ:) or pl. of بَعُوضَةٌ, (Ḳ,) which signifies i. q. بَقَّةٌ. (A, Ḳ.) A poet speaks of the humming of the بعوض of the water. (TA.) The author of the Ḳ says, in the B, that the word is taken from بَعْضٌ, because of the smallness of the body of the بعوضة in comparison with other living things. (TA.) You say, كَلَّفَنِى مُخَّ البَعُوضِ ‡ He imposed upon me a difficult thing: (A:) or an impossible thing. (TṢ, Ḳ.)