Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

بَغَى, (Ṣ, Ḳ, &c.,) aor. ـِ {يَبْغِىُ}, (Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. بُغَآءٌ, (Ṣ, Mgh, Ḳ, &c.,) or this is a simple subst., and the inf. n. is بَغْىٌ, (Mṣb,) [but, if this be correct, the former is generally used for the latter,] and بُغًى, (Lḥ, Ḳ,) but the first is better known, and is the chaste form, and some say, بِغًى, (TA,) and بُغْيَةٌ and بِغْيَةٌ, (Ḳ,) accord. to Th, but others hold these two to be simple substs., and some mention also بَغْيَةٌ, with fet-ḥ, (TA,) and بُغَايَةٌ, (Aṣ, Ṣ, TA,) He sought; sought for, or after; sought, desired, or endeavoured, to find, and take, or get; (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ, &c.;) a stray-beast, (Aṣ, Ṣ, TA,) or any other thing, (Ṣ, Mgh,* Mṣb,* Ḳ,* TA,) good or evil; (Lḥ, TA;) as alsoابتغى↓ andتبغّى↓ (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ) andاستبغى↓: (Ḳ:) orابتغى↓ signifies he sought,, &c., diligently, studiously, sedulously, or earnestly: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and بَغَى signifies also he loved, or affected, a thing: (MF, TA:) or, accord. to Er-Rághib, the inf. n. signifies the seeking to exceed the just bounds in respect of that which one aims at, or endeavours after, whether one actually exceed or do not; and sometimes it is considered in relation to quantity; and sometimes, in relation to quality. (TA.) You say, بَغَاهُ بِشَرٍّ [He sought him with an evil purpose; or sought to do him evil]. (Ṣ and Ḳ in art. عقب.)

And بَغَاهُ He sought,, &c., a thing for him; like بَغَى لَهُ. (Lḥ, Mgh,* Ḳ.*) You say, بَغَاهُ الشَّىْءَ He sought,, &c., the thing for him; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) as alsoابغاهُ↓ الشَّىْءَ: (Ḳ:) thus you say, اِبْغِنِى كَذَا orأَبْغِنِى↓ كذا and اِبْغَ لِى كذا Seek thou for me such a thing; (TA;) andأَبْغِنِى↓ ضَالَّتِى Seek thou for me my stray-beast: (Mgh:) orابغاهُ↓ الشَّىْءَ signifies He aided, or assisted, him to seek the thing: (Ks, Ḳ:) orأَبْغِنِى↓ كَذَا signifies Seek thou for me such a thing; and also Aid thou me to seek such a thing. (JK.) It is said in the Ḳur [ix. 47], يَبْغُونَكُمُ الفِتْنَةَ They seek, or desire, for you discord, or dissension; or they seeking,, &c.: and in the same [iii. 94], تَبْغُونَهَا عِوَجًا Ye seek, or desire, for it, namely, the way [of God], crookedness; or ye seeking,, &c.: the first objective complement of the verb being in the accus. case because of the suppression of the preposition ل. (TA.)

[Hence, app.,] بَغَانِى دَآءً It procured to me disease; it caused disease to befall me. (Ḥam p. 794.) And إِنَّهُ لَذُو بُغَايَةٍ Verily he is one who makes much gain: (JK, Ḳ:) but in the M, ذُو بُغَايَةٍ لِلْكَسْبِ, meaning a seeker of gain. (TA.) And مَابُغِىَ لَهُ Good was not appointed to betide him. (TA.)

بَغَى عَلَى أَخِيهِ, inf. n. بَغْىٌ, He envied his brother; he wished that a blessing, or cause of happiness, or an excellence, might become transferred from his brother to himself: so says Lḥ, who holds this to be the primary signification of the verb. (TA.) It is said in a prov., البَغْىُ عِقَالُ النَّصْرِ [Envy is the shackle of aid from God against an enemy or a wrongdoer]. (TA.)

Hence, (Lḥ, TA,) بَغْىٌ signifies The acting wrongfully, injuriously, or tyrannically; (Lḥ, Ṣ, TA;) because the envier so acts towards the envied; his endeavour being to cause, by guile, the blessing of God upon him to depart from him: (Lḥ, TA:) or the seeking, or endeavouring, to act corruptly, wrongly, or unjustly: (Az, TA:) or the exceeding the due bounds, or just limits, in any way: (Ṣ:) accord. to Er-Rághib, it is of two kinds: one of these is approved, and this is the passing beyond the bounds of equity to exercise beneficence, and beyond the bounds of obligatory duties to do what is not obligatory: the other is disapproved, and this is the passing beyond the bounds of that which is true, or right, to do that which is false, or wrong, or to do acts of a doubtful nature: but in most instances it is that which is disapprove. (TA.) You say, بَغَى عَلَيْهِ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) and بغى عَلَى النَّاسِ, (Az, Mṣb,) aor. ـِ {يَبْغِىُ}, (Ḳ,) inf. n. بَغْىٌ, (Mṣb, Ḳ,) He exalted himself against him, or above him; overpowered, or oppressed, him; (Fr, Ṣ, Ḳ;) acted wrongfully, injuriously, or tyrannically, towards him; and deviated from the right way: (Ḳ:) and he acted wrongfully, injuriously, or tyrannically, towards men, or the people, (Az, Mṣb,) and sought to annoy them, or hurt them. (Az, TA.) Lḥ mentions, on the authority of Ks, the saying, مَا لِى وَلِلْبَغِ بَعْضِكُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ [What have I to do with wrongful conduct, the wrongful conduct of one of you towards another?], for وَلِلْبَغْىِ; ISd thinks, because of the difficulty found in pronouncing the kesreh after the ى. (TA.) بَغَى also signifies He occupied himself with corrupt, wrong, or unjust, conduct: [accord. to Fei,] from the same verb [in a sense to be mentioned below,] said of a wound. (Mṣb.) Also, aor. ـِ {يَبْغِىُ}, (TA,) inf. n. بَغْىٌ, (Az, TA,) He magnified himself; or behaved proudly, haughtily, or insolently: (Az, TA:) because he who does so passes beyond the bounds of his proper station to a station that does not belong to him. (TA.)

And [hence,] بَغَى فِى مِشيَتِهِ, (Ḳ,) inf. n. بَغْىٌ, (TA,) He [app. a horse, and perhaps a man also,] was proud, or self-conceited, and quick, in his gait: (Ḳ:) or بَغْىٌ in a horse, (Ṣ, TA,) or in the running of a horse, (JK, TA,) is the being proud, or self-conceited, with exceeding briskness or liveliness or sprightliness. (JK, Ṣ, TA.)

And بَغَتِ السَّمَآءُ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) inf. n. بَغْىٌ, (TA,) The sky rained vehemently: (AʼObeyd, Ṣ, Ḳ:) or exceeded, in rain, the limit of what was wanted. (Er-Rághib, TA.) And بَغَى الوَادِى The valley flowed with water reaching to a place to which it had not reached before. (Ṣ, TA.)

بَغَتْ, (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) said of a woman, (Th, IKh, Ṣ, Mṣb, and so in some copies of the Ḳ,) or of a female slave, (so in other copies of the Ḳ,) but it is not restricted to the latter, (TA,) aor. ـِ {يَبْغِىُ}, (JK, Mṣb,) inf. n. بِغَآءٌ, (IKh, JK, Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, TA,) or بَغْىٌ, (ISd, Ḳ,) [but the former, only, is commonly known,] She committed fornication, or adultery; she prostituted herself; (JK, Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ;) because she who does so transgresses her proper bounds; (TA;) as alsoبَاغَتْ↓, (IKh, Ṣ,* Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. بِغَآءٌ (IKh, Ḳ) and مُبَاغَاةٌ, (Ḳ,) said of a female slave: (Mṣb:) or مباغاة signifies the committing fornication, or adultery, with another. (KL.) It is said in the Ḳur [xxiv. 33], وَلَا تُكْرِهُو فَتَيَاتِكُمْ عَلَى البِغَآءِ [And compel not ye your young women to prostitute themselves]. (Mgh.) And you say,خَرَجَتِ المَرْأَةُ تُبَاغِى↓ [The woman went forth for prostituting herself]. (Ṣ.) Accord. to the Jema et-Tefáreek, بِغَآءٌ signifies The knowing of a woman's committing fornication or adultery, or prostituting herself, and approving, or being content: but this, if correct, is an amplification in speech. (Mgh.)

بَغَى الجُرْحُ, (JK, Ṣ, Mṣb,) aor. ـَ {يَبْغَىُ}, inf. n. بَغْىٌ, (JK,) The wound swelled, (Ṣ,) and became in a corrupt state, (JK, Ṣ, Mṣb,) and produced thick purulent matter. (JK.) And بَرَأَ جُرْحُهُ عَلَى بَغْىٍ His wound healed having somewhat of corruption in it. (Ṣ.)

بَغَى, (Ḳ,) aor. ـِ {يَبْغِىُ}, inf. n. بَغْىٌ, (TA,) also signifies He lied; said what was untrue. (Ḳ.) مَا نَبْغِى, in the Ḳur [xii. 65], is said to mean We do not lie: and we do not act wrongfully: or it may mean what do we seek, or desire? (TA.)

Also, (Ḳ,) inf. n. بَغْىٌ, (TA,) He looked at a thing [to see] how it was; (Ḳ;) and so بَغَا, inf. n. بَغْوٌ: mentioned by Kr. (TA.)

And, (Ḳ,) with the same inf. n., (TA,) He looked, watched, or waited, for a person or thing. (Kr, Ḳ.)

see 1, latter part, in two places.

Lh mentions the saying, addressed to a pretty woman, إِنَّكِ لَجَمِيلَةٌ وَلَا تُبَاغِى, as meaning Verily thou art pretty, and mayest thou not be smitten by the [evil] eye: (TA in this art.:) but accord. to some, the verb in this instance belongs to art. بوغ or art. بيغ. (TA in art. بوغ.)

see 1, in five places.

ابغاهُ الشَّىْءَ also signifies He made him, or caused him, to seek the thing; to seek for it, or after it; to seek, or desire, or endeavour, to find, and take, or get, it. (Ṣ.)

تَبَاغَوْا They acted wrong fully, injuriously, or tyrannically, one towards another; exalted themselves, one against, or above, another; overpowered, or oppressed, one another. (Ṣ, TA.)

انبغى is said in the Ṣ to be quasi-pass. of بَغَيْتُهُ, like as اِنْكَسَرَ is of كَسَرْتُهُ; and Esh-Shiháb says of the aor. that it is quasi-pass. of بَغَاهُ, aor. يَبْغِيهِ, in the sense of طَلَبَهُ: (TA:) [Fei says,] it has been asserted that انبغى is quasi-pass. of بَغَى; but a verb of the measure انفعل is not used as a quasi-pass. unless it implies effort, and the consequence of an action, as in the case of كَسَرْتُهُ, of which the quasi-pass. is اِنْكَسَرَ; which انبغى does not: some, however, allow its being thus used: (Mṣb:) accord. to Zj, it is as though it were syn. with اِنْطَلَبَ, as quasi-pass. of طَلَبَ, and means It was, or became, suitable, fit, meet, or proper; (Zj, TA;) [or right, and allowable; and good: or very requisite: (see explanations of exs. following:) or it behooved: and] it was, or became, facilitated, or easy; (Er-Rághib, Ḳ;) and practicable, or manageable. (Er-Rághib, TA.) Accord. to some, this verb is not used in the pret. tense, but only in the aor.: it is reckoned among verbs imperfectly inflected: (Mṣb, TA:) but the pret. is mentioned by AZ and Sb and Zj, and by El-Khattábee on the authority of Ks; and was often used by Esh-Sháfiʼee: it is, however, very rare. (TA.) You say, يَنْبَغِى لَكَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ كَذَا [It is suitable to thee, or is fit, meet, or proper,, &c., for thee, or it behooveth thee, that thou shouldst do such a thing]. (Ṣ, TA.) And, accord. to Zj, اِنْبَغَى لِفُلَانٍ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ, as meaning It was, or became, suitable to such a one, or fit, meet, or proper, for him, that he should do, or to do, such a thing. (TA.) And مَا يَنْبَغِى لَكَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ هٰذَا, (Lḥ, Ḳ,) andما يُبْتَغَى↓, (Ḳ, TA,) with fet-ḥ to the غ, (TA,) and ما ٱنْبَغَى, andما ٱبْتُغِىَ↓; (Lḥ, Ḳ;) of which four phrases, the first is given by Lḥ as explanatory of the third and fourth, and means, accord. to Esh-Shiháb, It is not right, proper, fit, or meet, nor allowable, for thee that thou shouldst do this, or to do this; and it is not good for thee, &c.; but he adds that only the aor. has been heard from the Arabs in this sense. (TA.) And يَنْبَغِى أَنْ يَكُونَ كَذَا It is very requisite that it should be so, or that such a thing ought be; [or it ought to be so, or such a thing ought to be; it behooves that it should be so, or such a thing behooves;] it is not well that such a thing should be neglected, or left undone. (Mṣb.) And Ks is related to have heard, from the Arabs, the phrase, مَا يَنْبَغِى أَنْ يَكُونَ كَذَا, meaning It is not right that it should be so, or that such a thing should be: or it is not good, &c. (Mṣb.) It is said in the Ḳur [xxxvi. 69], وَمَا عَلَّمْنَاهُ الشِّعْرَ وَمَا يَنْبَغِى لَهُ, i. e. [And we have not taught him poetry, or versification], nor is it right, proper, fit, or meet, for him: (Bḍ:) or nor is it easy to him, (Bḍ, Jel, Er-Rághib,) or practicable to him. (Bḍ, Er-Rághib.)

see 1, first sentence.

You say also, استبغى القَوْمَ فَبَغَوْهُ and بَغَوْا لَهُ [He asked the people, or company of men, to seek a thing for him, and they sought it for him]. (Lḥ, Ḳ.)

بَغْىٌ [originally an inf. n. (see 1)] Much of rain; or much rain: in [some of] the copies of the Ḳ, البطر is erroneously put for المطر: (TA:) [and in some, البَغِىُّ for البَغْىُ: in a MṢ. copy, I find البَغِىُّ الكَثِيرُ مِنَ المَطَرِ: and in the CK, البَغِىُّ الكَثِيْرُ من النَّظَرِ:] or بَغْىُ السَّمَآءِ signifies the main portion, (Aṣ, Ṣ,) or the vehemence, and the main portion, (Lḥ, JK, TA,) of the rain of the sky. (Aṣ, Lḥ, JK, Ṣ, TA.) Hence the saying, دَفَعْنَا بَغْىَ السَّمَآءِ خَلْفَنَا (Aṣ, Ṣ, TA) or عَنَّا (Lḥ, TA) [lit. We drove away the main portion, or the vehemence, and the main portion, of the rain of the sky behind us or from us; meaning it was driven away behind us or from us, or it departed; as is shown in art. دفع].

بِغْيَةٌ andبُغْيَةٌ↓ (JK, Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ) andبَغِيَّةٌ↓ (Ḳ) A thing sought; (JK, Ḳ;) as alsoبَغَايَةٌ↓ [originally an inf. n. (see 1)]: (JK:) or a thing wanted, needed, or required; an object of want or need; a want, or needful or requisite thing or affair: (Ṣ, Mṣb:) as in the saying, لِى فِىبَنِى فُلَانٍ بَغْيَةٌ and بُغْيَةٌ [I have among the sons of such a one an object of want]: (Ṣ:) or the first signifies a state that one seeks; and the second, a thing itself that one wants: (Aṣ, Ṣ, Mṣb:*) and the first, (JK,) or third, (Ḳ,) signifies also a stray beast that is sought: (JK, Ḳ:) the pl. of the second is بُغًى. (JK.) اِرْتَدَّتْ عَلَى فُلَانٍ بِغْيَتُهُ [The thing that he sought was refused to such a one] is said of one who finds not what he seeks. (TA.).

بَغِىٌّ, accord. to some, of the measure فَعِيلٌ; accord. to others, of the measure فَعُولٌ, originally بَغُوىٌ; [if of the former, originally meaning “sought;” and if of the latter, originally meaning “seeking;”] and therefore [in either case] not admitting the affix ة: (TA:) A fornicatress, an adulteress, or a prostitute; (JK, Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ;) as alsoبَغُوٌّ↓ [of the measure فَعُولٌ, and therefore anomalous, like نَهُوٌّ]: (M, Ḳ:) بَغِىٌّ is not applied to a man, (Lḥ, Mṣb,) nor بَغِيَّةٌ to a woman: (Lḥ, TA:) pl. بَغَايَا. (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb.) [See an ex. voce مَهْرٌ.]

Also A female slave, (JK, Ṣ, Ḳ,) whether she be a fornicatress or an adulteress or a prostitute or not; (TA;) not meant to imply revilement, though originally applied to female slaves because of their prostitution of themselves: (Ṣ:) or a free woman who is a fornicatress or an adulteress or a prostitute: so in the Ḳ: but correctly, or a fornicatress or an adulteress or a prostitute, whether free or a slave: (TA:) and a female singer, though chaste; because of fornication's being originally attributable to such a person: (Mṣb:) pl. as above. (JK, Ṣ, TA.) One says, قَامَتْ عَلَى رُؤُسِهِمُ البَغَايَا [The female slaves stood over their heads]. (Ṣ.)

بَغَايَا also signifies The scouts, or companies of scouts, that precede an army: (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA:) but the sing. of this is بَغِيَّةٌ↓. (TA.)

بَاغٍ Seeking; seeking for, or after; seeking, desiring, or endeavouring, to find, and take, or get: pl. بُغَاةٌ and بُغْيَانٌ (Ḳ) and بُغَّآءٌ. (TA: [there mentioned as a pl., but not said to be of بَاغٍ, nor explained.]) بَاغٍ وَهَادٍ, lit. A seeker of [stray] camels and a guide of the way, mentioned in a trad. respecting the Hijreh (as said by A booBekr to a man who asked him “Who are ye?”), alludes to the seeking of religion and the guiding from error. (TA.) One says, فَرِّقُوا لِهٰذِهِ الإِبِلِ بُغْيَانًا يُضِبُّونَ لَهَا, i. e. [Disperse ye, for these camels, seekers] to scatter themselves in search thereof. (Ṣ.)

Acting wrongfully, injuriously, or tyrannically, [&c.,] towards others: pl. بُغَاةٌ. (Mṣb. [See 1.]) غَيْرَ بَاغٍ, in the Ḳur ii. 168, [&c.,] means Not being a revolter from the Muslims, (Jel,) or, against the Imám: (TA:) or it means not desiring to eat for the sake of enjoyment: or not seeking to exceed the limit of his want: (Az, TA:) or not seeking what he should not seek. (Er-Rághib, TA.) فِئَةٌ بَاغِيَهٌ A company of men revolting from the just Imám. (Ḳ.) فِرْقَةٌ بَاغِيَةٌ A party occupying itself with corrupt, wrong, or unjust, conduct. (Mṣb.)

A camel that does not impregnate, or get with young. (Kr, Ḳ.)

A horse that is proud, or self-conceited, with exceeding briskness or liveliness or sprightliness: (JK, Ḥam p. 210:) [but] Kh disallows its being thus used. (Ṣ.)

[The pl.] بُغْيَانٌ also signifies What the sportsman, or hunter, seeks, of game, or objects of the chase. (JK.)

مَبْغًى [A place where a thing is sought: and hence, a way, or manner, in which a thing is, or should be, sought]: this is meant in the saying, بَغَيْتُ المَالَ مِنْ مَبْغَاتِهِ↓ [I sought wealth by the way, or manner, whereby it should be sought]; like as مَأْتًى is meant in the saying, أَتَيْتُ الأَمْرَ مِنْ مَأْتَاتِهِ. (Ṣ.)

المُبْتَغِى, (Ḳ,) or, as in the Tekmileh, المُتَبَغِّى, (TA,) The lion: (Ḳ:) because he is always seeking prey. (TA.)