Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

بَكَى, aor. ـِ {يَبْكِىُ}, (Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. بُكَآءٌ and بُكًا (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ) and مَبْكًى, (Ḥar p. 11,) He wept; i. e. he lamented, or grieved, shedding tears at the same time; and he lamented, or grieved, alone; and he shed tears alone: (Er-Rághib, TA:) accord. to some, the preferable opinion is, that there is no difference between بُكَآءُ and بُكًا: (TA:) or the former means the crying, or uttering of the voice [of lamentation], (Ṣ, IḲṭṭ, Mṣb, TA, &c.,) that accompanies البُكَآء [so in copies of the Ṣ and in the TA, but correctly البُكَا]; (Ṣ, IḲṭṭ, TA;) and the latter (بُكًا), the shedding of tears: (Ṣ, IḲṭṭ, Mṣb, TA, &c.:) or the former, i. e. with medd, means the shedding of tears by reason of lamentation, or grief, and raising of the voice, or crying, [at the same time,] when the voice is predominant, being like رُغَآءٌ, and ثُغَآءٌ and other words of the same form applied to denote the uttering of a cry or of the voice; and the latter, [the shedding of tears, &c.] when lamentation, or grief, is predominant: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or by the former is meant the crying, or uttering of the voice [of lamentation]; and by the latter, the lamenting, or grieving. (Kh, TA.) تَبْكَآءٌ and تِبْكَآءٌ [may be inf. ns. of بَكَى or of بَكَّى↓, and] signify the same as بُكَآءٌ: or much بُكَاء [or weeping,, &c.]: (Ḳ:) MF asserts that تِبْكَآءٌ (with kesr) and the former of these explanations are unknown; but both the word and the explanation are mentioned by Lḥ, as used in a form of words uttered by Arab women of the desert to fascinate men: ISd, however, says that it should be تَبْكَآء, because it is an inf. n. of a class formed to denote muchness [of the attribute signified by the verb], like تَهْذَارٌ and تَلْعَابٌ, &c.; and IAạr says that تَبْكَاءٌ, with fet-ḥ, has the latter of the two significations assigned to it above. (TA.) [See what is said of the measure تِفْعَالٌ voce بَيَّنَ.] You say, بَكَى لَهُ (MF, TA) and بَكَى عَلَيْهِ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ, MF,) meaning [He wept] for, or over, him, or it: and only بَكَى بِهِ [or thus and also بَكَىمِنْهُ as appears from what follows] when meaning [He wept] because, or in consequence, of it: ('Ináyeh, MF, TA:) and بَكَاهُ andبَكَّاهُ↓, (Aṣ, AZ, Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. of the former بُكَآءٌ (Ḳ) [and بُكًا], and of the latter تَبْكِيَةٌ, (TA,) signify the same as بَكَى عَلَيْهِ; (Aṣ, AZ, Ṣ, Mṣb,* Ḳ;) the object being a man: (Aṣ, Ṣ:) and (or as some say, TA) he wept for, or over, him, i. e., one dead; or did so, and enumerated his good qualities or actions; syn. رَثَاهُ: (Ḳ:) or, as some say, بَكَاهُ means [he wept because, or in consequence, of it, i. e.,] on account of being pained: and بَكَى عَلَيْهِ, [he wept for, or over, him,] by reason of tenderness of heart, or compassion: and [hence] it is said that بَكَيْتُهُ is originally بَكَيْتُ مِنْهُ: (TA:) [andبَكَّاهُ↓ may have an intensive, or a frequentative, meaning; for it is said that] بَكِّى, addressed to the eye, signifies weep thou much, and repeatedly. (Ḥam p. 461.)

[Hence,] بَكَت السَّحَابَةُ † The cloud rained. (Mṣb.)

بَكَى also means He sang: [in the CK, وبَكَى عَنِّى is erroneously put for وبَكَى غَنَّى:] thus it has two contr. significations: (Ḳ, TA:) accord. to MF, it has this meaning only in relation to the pigeon and the like; but it is also used in this sense when said of a man, as in a verse cited voce جَنَازَةٌ, q. v.: and he observes that the assertion of its having two contr significations requires consideration, seeing that it is also said to signify رَثَى; [for in the performance of رِثَآء, it is a common practice to sing;] but رِثَآء is generally accompanied by lamentation, and غِنَآء by rejoicing. (TA.)

بَاكَيْتُهُ فَبَكَيْتُهُ: see 3.

بَاكَيْتُهُ فَبَكَيْتُهُ, (Ṣ, TA,) aor. of the latter أَبْكُوهُ, (TA,) or أَبْكِيهِ, retaining its original form, accord. to a rule observed in the case of a verb having an infirm letter [for its second or third radical] lest a verb with a radical ى should be confounded with one having a radical و, (Ḥam p. 670,) i. e. [I vied with him, or strove to exceed him, in weeping, and I exceeded him therein, or] I was a greater weeper (أَبْكَى) than he. (Ṣ, TA.)

ابكاهُ [He made him, or caused him, to weep; or] he did to him what made him to weep; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) as alsoاستبكاهُ↓. (Ṣ.) Andبكّاهُ↓ عَلَيْهِ, inf. n. تَبْكِيَةٌ, He excited him to weep for him, or it; (Ḳ, TA;) namely, a person dead, (Ḳ,) or a thing lost. (TA.)

تباكى signifies تَكَلَّفَ البُكَآءَ [i. e. He affected weeping; or endeavoured, or constrained himself, to weep]. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) Hence, in a trad., فَإِنْ لَمْ تَجِدُوا بُكَآءً فَتَبَاكَوْا [And if ye experience not weeping, endeavour to weep]: (TA:) [or the words of the trad. are] اُتْلُوا القُرْآنَ وَٱبْكُوا فَإِنْ لَمْ تَبْكُوا فَتَبَاكَوْا [Peruse ye the Ḳur-án, and weep; or, if ye weep not, endeavour to do so]. (Bḍ in xix. 59.)

And He feigned, or made a show of, weeping. (Ḥar p. 602.)

استبكاهُ: see 4.

Also He desired, or required, of him weeping. (TA.)

بَكِىٌّ One who weeps much; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) as alsoبَكَّآءٌ↓. (Ḳ, but omitted in some copies and in the TA.)

رَجُلٌ عَيِيٌّ بَكِىٌّ, A man unable to speak. (Mbr, TA.) [But perhaps this should be بَكِىْءٌ: see art. بكأ.]

بَاكٍ part. n. of بَكَى [i. e. Weeping,, &c.]: (Ḳ:) pl. بُكِىٌّ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) of the measure فُعُولٌ, with the و changed into ى [and the second ḍammeh consequently into a kesreh, wherefore it is also, sometimes, pronounced بِكِىٌّ], (Ṣ,) and بُكَاةٌ, (Ḳ,) which is agreeable with analogy and usage, though said by Es-Semeen to have not been heard. (TA.) [The pl. of the fem., i. e. of بَاكِيَةٌ, is بَاكِيَاتٌ and بَوَاكٍ.]

أَبْكَى [A greater weeper, or one who weeps more, than another: see 3]. (Ṣ, TA.)