Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

بَهَرَهُ, (Ṣ, A, Mṣb,) aor. ـَ {يَبْهَرُ}, (Mṣb,) inf. n. بَهْرٌ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) He overcame him: (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ:) he overpowered him; subdued him: (TA:) he surpassed him; excelled him. (Mṣb.) See also 3. You say, بَهَرَتْ فُلَانَةُ النِّسَآءَ Such a woman surpassed the [other] women in beauty. (Ṣ.) And بَهَرَ [alone] He excelled in knowledge, &c.; or he was, or became, accomplished, or perfect, in every excellence, and in goodliness. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) And بَهَرَ القَمَرُ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or بَهَرَ القَمَرُ النُّجُومَ, (TA,) aor. ـَ {يَبْهَرُ}, (Ḳ,) inf. n. بُهُورٌ, (TA,) ‡ The moon overcame with its light the light of the stars. (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA.) And بَهَرَتِ الشَّمْسُ الأَرْضَ † The light of the sun overspread the earth. (TA.)

[Hence,] بَهَرَ, aor. ـَ {يَبْهَرُ}, (TA,) inf. n. بَهْرٌ and بُهُورٌ, (Ḳ,) ‡ It shone, or shone brightly: (Ḳ, TA:) andتَبَهَّرَتِ↓ السَّحَابَةُ ‡ The cloud shone, or shone brightly. (Ḳ.)

بَهَرَهُ, (Ṣ, A,) aor. ـَ {يَبْهَرُ}, inf. n. بُهْرٌ, (Ṣ,) also signifies ‡ It (a load, or burden, Ṣ, A, and running, A) [caused him to be out of breath; interrupted his breathing; (see بُهْرٌ;)] caused to pant, or breathe [shortly or] uninterruptedly. (Ṣ, A.)

Also, (ISh, JK, TA,) inf. n. بَهْرٌ, (Ḳ, TA,) † He stopped his breath by beating, or by squeezing his throat, or throttling him, or by any other means: (ISh, TA:) † he plied him, or worked him, (عَالَجَهُ,) until he became out of breath, or until he panted: (JK, TA:) † he imposed upon him a thing that was above his power, or ability. (Ḳ, TA.) A poet says,

* إِنَّ البَخِيلَ إِذَا سَأَلْتَ بَهَرْتَهُ *

Verily the niggardly, when thou askest of him, thou stoppest his breath. (ISh, TA.)

[Hence,] بُهِرَ, i. q. انبهر, as explained below. (Ḳ.)

بَهَرَهَا, (JK,) or بَهَرَهَا بِبُهْتَانٍ, (TA,) inf. n. بَهْرٌ, (Ḳ,) He reproached her, or accused her, falsely; (JK;) he aspersed her; calumniated her; or brought a false accusation against her. (Ḳ,* TA.) You say, بَهَرَهَا بِكَذَا He reproached her falsely with, or accused her falsely of, such a thing. (JK.) [See also 8.]

باهر صَاحِبَهُ فَبَهَرَهُ↓ (Ḳ,* TA,) inf. n. مُبَاهَرَةٌ and بِهَارٌ, (TA,) [aor. of the latter verb, accord. to rule, ـُ, not ـَ,] He contended, or disputed, or vied, with his companion for glory, or superiority, or excellence, and overcame him. (Ḳ,* TA.)

ابهر He did, or effected, or he said, or uttered, what was wonderful; syn. جَآءَ بِالعَجَبِ. (Ḳ.)

انبهر, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) andابتهر↓, (TA,) andبُهِرَ↓, like عُنِىَ, (Ḳ,) ‡ He was, or became, out of breath; his breath became interrupted, by reason of fatigue [or running, or by hard work, or bearing a heavy load; see 1]: (Ḳ:) he panted, or breathed [shortly or] uninterruptedly. (Ṣ, A.)

ابتهر He arrogated to himself, or professed, a thing falsely. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) El-Akhtal says,

* وَمَا بِى إِنْ مَدَحْتُهُمُ ٱبْتِهَارُ *

And there is not in me, if I praise them, false profession: (Ṣ:) or ابتهر signifies he said what was false, and swore to it. (TA.)

He said that he had transgressed, or acted vitiously, or committed adultery or fornication, when he had not done so. (Ḳ.) And ابتهر بِذَنْبٍ He asserted himself to have committed a crime, or sin, when he had not done so. (TA, from a trad.)

ابتهرها He asserted falsely that he had had sexual intercourse with her: (M, TA:) ابتارها signifies “he asserted the same with truth:” (TA:) or ابتهر signifies he charged, or upbraided, a person with that which was in him; (Ḳ, TA;) and ابتار, “he charged, or upbraided, with that which was not in him.” (TA.) See an ex. voce بَارَ in art. بور.

Also He (a poet) mentioned her (a girl) in his poetry. (JK.) اُبْتُهِرَ بِفُلَانَةَ He became, or was rendered, notorious, or infamous, on account of such a woman [with whom he was said to have had an illicit connexion]. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

See also 7.

ابهارّ اللَّيْلُ, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) inf. n. اِبْهِيرَارٌ, (Ṣ,) The night reached its middle point; (Aṣ, Ṣ, A, Ḳ;) from بُهْرَةٌ signifying the “middle” of a thing: (A:) or reached the point when all its stars appeared and shone: (Aboo-Saʼeed Ed-Dareer:) or became thickly dark: (Ḳ:) or for the most part passed: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) or reached the point when about one third of it remained. (Ḳ.) And ابهارّ عَلَيْنَا اللَّيْلُ The night became long to us. (Ṣ.) And ابهارّ النَّهَارُ The day reached the point when the sun had become high. (TA.)

بَهْرٌ inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ.) You say, بَهْرًا لَهُ, an imprecation, meaning May he be overcome! (A:) or i. q. تَعْسًا لَهُ [may he fall, having stumbled! or stumble and fall!, &c.]: (AA, Ṣ, Ḳ:) and thus used [app. in the latter sense] as an imprecation, accord. to Sb, it has no verb, but is put in the accus. case on the supposition of a verb. (TA.) One says also,قُهْرًا وَبُهْرًا↓, with damm to each. (TA in art. قهر.) And بَهْرًا مَا أَسْخَاهُ [May he fall, having stumbled!, &c.: how bountiful is he!], like as one says تَعْسًا لَهُ [when not meaning it to be understood as an imprecation]. (A.)

It also signifies Distance, or remoteness: (Ḳ:) and remoteness from good or prosperity. (TA.)

Disappointment. (IAạr, TA.)

Wonder; syn. عَجَبٌ. (Ḳ.) One says, بَهْرا meaning عَجَبًا [for أَعْجَبُ عَجَبًا I do wonder: or wonderful!]. (Ṣ.) So [sometimes] in the phrase بَهْرًا لَهُ [I do wonder at him, or it]. (IAạr, TA.)

Love. (Ḳ.) Accord. to some, بَهْرًا لَكُمْ means Love to you. (JK.)

الأَزْوَاجُ ثَلاَثَةٌ زَوْجُ بَهْرٍ وَزَوْجُ دَهْرٍ وَزَوْجُ مَهْرٍ is a saying of the Arabs, meaning Husbands are three: a husband who overcomes the eyes by his goodliness, (Ṣ,) or a husband of noble race, though he may be of little wealth; (TA;) and a husband prepared for the accidents, or calamities, of fortune; and a husband from whom a dowry is got, (Ṣ,) or a husband who has not nobility of race, and who therefore doubles the dowry to make himself desired. (TA.)

† Distress that affects the breath or respiration, syn. كَرْبٌ, (Ḳ, TA,) [particularly] of a camel when he is spurred on, or of a man when a labour above his power is imposed upon him. (TA.)

بُهْرٌ: see بَهْرٌ.

Also ‡ The state of being out of breath; interruption of the breath, by reason of fatigue, (Ḳ, TA,) [or by bearing a heavy load, (see 1,)] or by hard work, and by running: (TA:) a panting, or breathing [shortly or] uninterruptedly. (Ṣ, A, TA,)

Wide-spreading land; a wide tract of land; as alsoبُهْرَةٌ↓ [q. v.]. (Ḳ.)

A country, or district; or a city, or town; syn. بَلَدٌ: (Ḳ:) or the middle thereof. (TA.)

The middle, and best part, (سِرّ, and خَيْر, for the former of which words we find شَرّ erroneously put in the copies of the Ḳ, TA,) of a valley; as alsoبُهْرَةُ↓ [q. v.]. (Ḳ, TA.)

بُهْرَةٌ Plain, or even, or soft, land or ground: or a wide tract of land between mountains. (L.)

See also بُهْرٌ, in two places.

The middle (Ṣ, A, Ḳ) of a valley, and of the night, and of a horse, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) and of a camel's saddle, (TA,) and of a ring, (Ḳ,) or of a thing. (A.)

بَهَارٌ A certain plant, of sweet odour; (Ḳ;) the [plant called] عَرَار, which is also called عَيْنُ البَقَرِ; [buphthalmum, or ox-eye;] it is the بَهَارُ البَرِّ, a crisping, or curling, plant, having a yellow flower; growing in the days of the spring (الرَّبِيع), and called عَرَارَةٌ: (Ṣ:) Aṣ says, The عَرَار is the بَهَارُ البَرِّ: and Az says, The عَرَارَة is the خَسْوَة; and I regard بهار as a Persian word. (TA.)

Perfume. (Mṣb.)

And hence applied to The flowers of the desert. (Mṣb.)

And Anything goodly, or beautiful, and bright, or shining. (Ḳ, TA.)

بُهَارٌ A certain thing with which one weighs; (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ;) the weight of three hundred pounds: (Fr, IAạr, AʼObeyd, Ṣ, Ḳ:) thought by AʼObeyd to be not Arabic, but Coptic; (Ṣ;) having this signification in Coptic; (JK;) but thought by Az to be pure Arabic: (TA:) or four hundred pounds: or six hundred: or a thousand: (Ḳ:) and, (Ḳ,) or as some say, (TA,) one half of a load (Ḳ, TA) borne by a camel, (TA,) containing four hundred pounds, (Ḳ, TA,) in the dial. of Syria: (TA:) or a load borne by a camel: (Ḳṭ:) or a camel-load of household-goods or furniture and utensils: (Aṣ:) and commodities, or utensils, or the like, of the sea; expl. by مَتَاعَ البَحْرِ [perhaps a mistranscription for مَتَاعَ التَّجْرِ or التُّجُرِ, commodities, or goods, of the merchants: the poet Bureyk El-Hudhalee speaks of camels bearing بُهَار]. (JK, Ḳ.) It is said that Talhah the son of ʼObeyd-Allah left a hundred بُهَار, in each بهار of which was three hundred-weight of gold (Ṣ, TA) and silver; (TA;) بهار being thus made to signify a receptacle: (Ṣ, TA:) accord. to Aṣ and Ḳṭ, the meaning is, a hundred camel-loads. (TA.)

بَهِيرٌ andمَبْهُورٌ↓ (A, Ḳ) andمَنْبَهِرٌ↓ (A) [andمُبْتَهِرٌ↓] ‡ Out of breath; having his breath interrupted, by reason of fatigue [or running, or by hard work, or bearing a heavy load; see 1 and 7]; panting, or breathing [shortly or] uninterruptedly. (A.)

بَاهِرٌ [act. part. n. of 1, Overcoming;, &c. And particularly,] † Overcoming in light. (JK.) [Hence,] قَمَرٌ بَاهِرٌ ‡ A moon that overcomes with its light the light of the stars. (Ṣ, A.) And البَاهِرُ ‡ The moon; because it outshines the stars: (Mṣb:) or the full moon. (JK.)

أَبْهَرُ [The aorta; so in the present day;] a certain vein [or artery], (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) in the back, (Ḳ,) lying within, or at the inner side of, the back-bone (AʼObeyd, A, TA) and the heart, (AʼObeyd, TA,) the severing of which causes death: (AʼObeyd, Ṣ, A:) it is name given to each of two veins [or arteries, or the two portions of the aorta which are called the aorta ascendens and aorta descendens,] which issue from the heart, and from which then branch off all the other arteries: (Ṣ:) and, (Ḳ,) or as some say, (TA,) the وَرِيد [i. e. either the carotid artery or the external jugular vein] of the neck: (Ḳ:) and, (Ḳ,) or as some say, (TA,) [the vein in the arm called] the أَكْحَل: (Ḳ:) or, accord. to the more full description of IAth, a certain vein [or artery] arising from the head, and extending to the foot, and having arteries which communicate with most of the extremities and the body: what is in the head is called the نَامَّة; and hence the saying, أَسْكَتَ ٱللّٰهُ نَامَّتَهُ, meaning “God killed him,” or “may God kill him!” and it extends to the throat, and is there called the وَرِيد; and to the chest, and is there called [especially] the أَبْهَر [meaning the aorta ascendens]; and to the back, and is there called the وَتِين [meaning the aorta descendens]; and the heart is suspended to it; and it extends to the thigh, and is there called the نَسَا; and to the shank, and is there called the صَافِن: the ء in it is augmentative. (TA.) You say, قَطَعَ أَبْهَرَهُ [It severed his aorta]; meaning ‡ it (pain) destroyed him. (A.)

Also The back: (Ḳ:) or the place of the vein [or artery] so called. (Aṣ, in art. خدع of the Ṣ.) One says, فُلَانٌ شَدِيدٌ الأَبْهَرِ Such a one is strong in the back: (TA:) or strong in the place of the vein [or artery] called the ابهر. (Aṣ, ubi suprà.)

And The back of the curved part of the extremity of a bow: (Ḳ:) or the part between the طائِف and the كُلْيَة: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) in the bow is its كَبِد, which is the part between the two extremities of its string or the like; then, next to this, the كُلْيَة; then, next to this, the أَبْهَر; then, the طَائِف; then, the سِئَة, which is the curved part of the extremity. (Aṣ.)

And A tent-pole. (JK.)

And The shorter side of a feather: (Ḳ:) [or] so أَبَاهِرُ [which is the pl.]: (JK:) [or] the latter signifies the feathers (Lḥ, Ṣ) of the wing (Lḥ) of a bird (Lḥ, Ṣ) next after those called الخَوَافِى, (Lḥ,) [and] next [before] those called الكُلَى: (Ṣ:) the first of them are those called القَوَادِمُ, (Ṣ,) four in number, in the fore part of the wing; (Lḥ;) the next, المَنَاكِبُ, (Lḥ, Ṣ,) also four; (Lḥ;) the next, الخَوَافِى, (Lḥ, Ṣ,) also four; (Lḥ;) the next, الأَبَاهِرُ, (Lḥ, Ṣ,) also four; (Lḥ;) and the next, الكُلَى [which are also four]. (Ṣ.)