Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

جَفَا, (Ḳ,) aor. ـُ {يَجْفُوُ}, (TA,) inf. n. جَفَآءٌ; andتجافى↓; It did not keep, or cleave, to its place. (Ḳ.) You say, جَفَا جَنْبُهُ عَنِ الفِرَاشِ, (Mgh,) andتجافى↓ عَنْهُ, (Ṣ, Mgh,) His side did not rest, or was restless, or uneasy, upon the bed; or shrank from it; (Ṣ, Mgh;) and heaved, or rose, from it: (Mgh:) or the former, his side did not keep, or cleave, to its place upon the bed: and the latter, it became withdrawn, or removed, from it. (TA.) And جَفَا السَّرْجُ عَنْ ظَهْرِ الفَرَسِ, (Ṣ Mṣb, TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above; (Mṣb;) andتجافى↓; (Ṣ, Mṣb;) The saddle heaved, or rose, from the back of the horse: (Ṣ, Mṣb:) or did not keep, or cleave, to its place upon his back. (TA.)

[Hence,] it is said in a trad. of ʼOmar, إِنِّى أَجْفُو عَنْ أَشْيَآءَ مِنَ العِلْمِ Verily I recoil, shrink, or am averse, from some matters of knowledge, or science, and ignore them, or neglect them. (Mgh.)

Also جَفَا, (Mṣb, TA,) aor. as above, (Mṣb,) [and so the inf. n.,] said of a garment, or piece of cloth, It was thick, coarse, or rough: (Mṣb, TA:) and in like manner said of a reed-pen, it was thick, coarse, or rough, in its nib. (TA.)

[And hence, (see جَفَآءٌ, below, and جَافٍ,) He was, or became, thick, gross, coarse, rough, or rude, of make: and, more commonly, coarse, rough, or rude, of nature or disposition, or in his intercourse and dealings with others; unkind, hard, churlish, uncivil, or surly. (See also 10.)] It is said in a trad., مَنْ بَدَا جَفَا, i. e. [He who abides in the desert] becomes coarse, rough, or rude, of nature or disposition; [or unkind, hard, churlish,, &c.;] by reason of mixing little with men. (TA.)

جَفَا عَلَيْهِ كَذَا Such a thing was, or became, heavy, onerous, burdensome, or oppressive, to him. (Ḳ.)

جَفَا جَنْبَهُ عَنِ الفِرَاشِ: and جَفَا السَّرْجَ: see 3.

جَفَتِ القِدْرُ زَبَدَهَا The cooking-pot cast forth its froth, or foam; as alsoاجفت↓; (TA;) [like جَفَأَت and اجفأت;] originally without ء. (Er-Rághib, TA.) And جَفَا السَّيْلُ The torrent drove away [things in its course]. (Mṣb.)

جَفَا الرَّجُلَ, aor. as above, He turned away from the man; avoided him; or shunned him: or he drove away the man; from جفا السَّيْلُ, explained above: sometimes meaning, with hatred. (Mṣb.) And جَفَاهُ He withdrew, or removed, far, or to a distance, from him: whence the saying of Moḥammad Ibn-Sookah, لَمَّا قَلَّ مَالِى جَفَانِى إِخْوَانِى [When my property became little, my brethren withdrew far from me]. (TA)

And جَفَا مَالَهُ He did not keep, or cleave, or hold fast, to his property. (Ḳ.)

And جَفَاهُ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) aor. ـُ {يَجْفُوُ}, (Ṣ,) inf. n. جَفَآءٌ (Ṣ, Ḳ) and جَفْوٌ, (Ḳ,) He treated him, or behaved towards him, coarsely, roughly, rudely, unkindly, hardly, churlishly, uncivilly, or surlily: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) you should not say جَفَيْتُ. (Ṣ.) The pass. part. n. is مَجْفُوٌّ↓ andمَجْفِىٌّ↓: (Ṣ, and Ḳ in art. جفى:) the latter formed in accordance with جُفِىَ, in which the و is changed into ى. (Fr, Ṣ.)

He did to him what displeased, grieved, or vexed, him; did to him what he disliked, or hated; did evil to him. (TA.) So in the trad., مَنْ حَجَّ وَلَمْ يَزُرْنِى فَقَدْ جَفَا [He who performs the pilgrimage to Mekkeh and does not visit me, i.e. does not visit my tomb afterwards, either on his homeward journey or by journeying to El-Medeeneh for that special purpose, does what displeases me]. (TA.)

جَفَتِ المَرْأُةُ وَلَدَهَا The woman neglected to take care of her child, or to pay frequent attention to it. (TA.)

تَجْفِيَةٌ [inf. n. of جفّى] signifies, in Persian, جفاء فرمودن [app. as meaning The ordering one to act, or to treat another, coarsely, roughly, rudely,, &c.]. (KL. [Accord. to Golius, as on this authority, “i. q. جَفَا, sign. injuria affecit; duriter et inique tractavit: seu transit. ejus.”])

جافى جَنْبَهُ عَنِ الفِرَاشِ, andجَفَاهُ↓, He caused his side not to rest, or caused it to be restless, or uneasy, upon the bed; or caused it to shrink therefrom: and he heaved it, drew it up, or raised it, [making it to be separated by some space or interval] from the bed. (Mgh.) And hence, (Mgh,) جافى عَضُدَيْهِ (Mgh, TA) عَنْ جَنْبيْهِ (TA) He put, or set, his upper arms apart, or remote, from his sides. (Mgh, TA.) [Thus the Muslim is enjoined to do in prostrating himself in prayer.] And جافى السَّرْجَ عَنْ ظَهْرِ الفَرَسِ, (Ṣ,* Mṣb,) andاجفاهُ↓, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) andجَفَاهُ↓, (Ḳ, [said in the TA to be a mistake, but a similar usage of this verb has been mentioned above on the authority of the Mgh,]) He raised the saddle from the back of the horse: (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ:) and in like manner,أَجْفَيْتُ↓ القَتَبَ عَنْ ظَهْرِ البَعِيرِ [I raised the saddle from the back of the. camel]. (M, TA.)

اجفاهُ He made, or caused, him, or it, to be, or become, distant, remote, far off, or aloof. (TA.)

See also 3, in two places.

اجفى المَاشِيَةَ He fatigued the cattle, [in some copies of the Ṣ, تَبِعَهَا is put for أَتْعَبَهَا,] and did not let them eat, (AZ, Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) nor fed them previously, driving them vehemently. (TA.)

أَجْفَتِ القِدْرُ: see 1.

أجْفَتِ الأَرْضُ The land became like the جُفَآء, or rubbish and scum cast forth by the torrent of a valley, or by a cooking-pot, in respect of the departure of the good thereof. (Er-Rághib, TA.)

تجافى: see 1, in three places. [Said of a person prostrating himself, or lying down, it means He drew up his body from that on which he rested. And تجافى عَنْهُ generally signifies He, or it, receded, withdrew, removed, or became remote or aloof or separated by some space or interval, from him, or it: and he drew away, shrank, or flinched, from him, or it.] It is said, of the difference between الذَّبْح and القَتْل, that the former is by cutting the external jugular veins; and the latter, بِإِيقَاعِ الفِعِلِ فِى المَحَلِّ مَعَ التَّجَافِى [By causing the act to take effect upon the place thereof while standing aloof]; meaning that the قَاتِل strikes from a distance, not knowing whether he will hit the place or not. (Mgh.) And [hence] you say, تجافى لَهُ عَنْ حَقِّهِ † [He relinquished, i. e.] he gave, to him, his right, or due. (TA in art. خمص.)

He inclined, or declined, or turned, from side to side: and from right to wrong. (Ḥar p. 125.) [See 6 in art. دفو.]

اجتفاهُ He removed him, or it, from his, or its, place. (Ḳ.)

استجفاهُ He esteemed it (namely, a bed, &c., Ḳ) جَافٍ (Ṣ, Ḳ) i. e. thick, coarse, or rough. (TA.)

He demanded, or required, of him that he should do what was displeasing, grievous, vexatious, or evil. (TA.)

استجفى He became coarse, rough, rude, unkind, hard, churlish, uncivil, or surly. (KL. [See also 1.])

جَفْوَةٌ A single act of coarse, rough, rude, unkind, hard, churlish, uncivil, or surly, treatment, or behaviour. (TA.)

See also جَفَآءٌ, in three places.

جَفَآءٌ is in make; [signifying Thickness, grossness, coarseness, roughness, or rudeness:] and in nature, or disposition; (TA;) signifying coarseness, roughness, or rudeness, (Mgh, Mṣb,) in one's intercourse and dealings with others; (Mgh;) unkindness, hardness, churlishness, incivility, or surliness; a predominant quality of the people of the desert; (Mgh, Mṣb;) from جَفَا said of a garment, or piece of cloth; (Mṣb;) contr. of بِرٌّ (Ṣ,) or of صِلَةٌ; (Ḳ;) as alsoجَفًا↓, (Ḳ,) accord. to Lth; but Az says that he knew not any one who allowed this latter: (TA:) so, too, جِفْوَةٌ↓ andجَفْوَةٌ↓, in the sayings فِيهِ جِفْوَةٌ and جَفْوَةٌ [In him is coarseness, roughness, or rudeness,, &c.]: (Ḳ:) and فُلَانٌ ظَاهِرُ الجِفْوَةِ Such a one is a person in whom coarseness, roughness, or rudeness,, &c., is apparent: (Ṣ:) but accord. to Lth, جفوة [whether جَفْوَةٌ or جَفْوَةٌ is not shown] denotes a more constant quality than جَفَآءٌ (TA.) You say also,بِهِ جَفْوَةٌ↓, meaning He is suffering coarseness, roughness, or rudeness,, &c. (Ḳ.) Andأَصَابَتْهُ جَفْوَةُ↓ الزَّمَنِ ‡ [The roughness, or rudeness,, &c., of time, or fortune, smote him]; and جَفَوَاتُهُ [its roughnesses, or rudenesses,, &c.]. (TA.)

جُفَآءٌ The rubbish and scum cast forth by the torrent of a valley, and by a cooking-pot. (Er-Rághib, TA.) [See also art. جفأ.]

And hence, as being likened to the جُفَآء of the torrent, ‡ The first, or foremost, of men, or people. (TA.) [But see art. جفأ.]

جَافٍ [act. part. n. of 1:] applied to a garment, or piece of cloth, (Mgh, Mṣb,) and to a bed, &c., (Ṣ,* Ḳ, TA,) Thick, coarse, or rough. (Mgh, Mṣb, TA.)

And [hence] applied to a man, (Ṣ, TA,) meaning Thick, gross, coarse, rough, or rude, of make; and coarse, rough, or rude, of nature or disposition; coarse, rough, rude, unkind, hard, churlish, uncivil, or surly, in his treatment of, or behaviour towards, his companions: pl. جُفَاةٌ. (TA.) You say also, رَجُلٌ جَافِى الخِلْقَةِ [A man thick, gross, coarse, rough, or rude, of make]: and جَافِى الخُلُقِ niggardly and incompliant; coarse, rough, or rude, (Ḳ, TA,) in his intercourse and dealings with others; oppressive when angry and irritated against his companion with whom he sits. (TA.) And جَافٍ عَنِ المَوْعِظَةِ [Obdurate against admonition]. (TA in art. جعظر.)