Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

جَنَفٌ (T, Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ, &c.) and جُنُوفٌ, (Ḳ,) the former being inf. n. of جَنِفَ and the latter of جَنَفَ, (TA,) The act of inclining, or declining (T, Ṣ, Mgh, Ḳ, TA) in speech and in all affairs: (TA:) and declining, or deviating, from the right course; acting wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically; (T, Mṣb,* Ḳ, TA;) like حَيْفٌ, which some erroneously assert to be the act of a judge only. (T, TA.) You say, جَنِفَ, (T, Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb,) aor. ـَ {يَجْنَفُ}, inf. n. جَنَفٌ; (Ṣ, Mṣb;) [and app. جَنَفَ, aor. ـِ {يَجْنِفُ}, inf. n. جُنُوفٌ;] andاجنف↓; (T, Mṣb, TA;) He inclined or declined [in speech and in any affair]: (T, Ṣ, TA:) and he declined, or deviated, from the right course; acted wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically; (T, Mgh, Mṣb, TA;) عَلَيْهِ against him. (Mgh.) Hence, in the Ḳur [ii. 178], فَمَنْ خَافَ مِنْ مُوصٍ جَنَفًا (Ṣ, TA,) i. e. [And he who feareth, (or, as is said in the Ḳ in art. خوف, knoweth,) from, or on the part of, the testator,] an inclining [to a wrong course], or a declining [from the right course]: (TA:) or a manifest inclining or declining. (Er-Rághib, TA.) You say, جَنِفَ فِى وَصِيَّتِهِ, aor. ـَ {يَجْنَفُ}; [He inclined,, &c., in his testament;] and soاجنف↓. (Ḳ.) Andاجنف↓ signifies He deviated from that which was right. (Ḳ.) Andاجنف↓ فِى حُكْمِهِ [He declined from the right course, or acted wrongfully or unjustly, in his judgment]. (TA.) Orاجنف↓ relates peculiarly to the case of a testament: and جَنِفَ signifies absolutely He declined, or deviated, from that which was right. (Ḳ.) And you say, جَنِفَ عَنْ طَرِيقِهِ, aor. ـَ {يَجْنَفُ}; and جَنَفَ, aor. ـِ {يَجْنِفُ}, inf. n. جَنَفٌ, (Ḳ, TA,) which is of the former verb, (TA,) and جُنُوفٌ, (Ḳ, TA,) which is of the latter verb; He turned away from his course, or way; deviated therefrom. (TA.)

Or [app. a mistake for “and”] جَنَفٌ signifies Depression (دُخُولٌ and اِنْهِضَامٌ) in one of the two sides of the breast, or chest, (الزَّوْرِ,) with evenness of the other side: (Ḳ:) the verb is جَنِفَ: and the part. n. is جَنِفٌ↓ andأَجْنَفُ↓, fem. [of the latter] جَنْفَآءُ. (TA.)

جنَافٌ [an inf. n. of which the verb (جانف) is not mentioned]. You say, لَجَّ فِى جِنَافٍ قَبِيحٍ He persisted in removing himself to a distance, or estranging himself, from his family; (Aboo-Saʼeed, Ḳ;) like جِنَابٍ قَبِيحٍ. (Aboo-Saʼeed, TA.)

اجنف He committed an act of inclining [to a wrong course], or declining [from the right course, or acting wrongfully or unjustly or injuriously or tyrannically]; like as you say, أَلَامَ, meaning “he did a thing for which he should be blamed.” (Ṣ.) See also 1, in five places.

اجنفهُ He found him to be one who deviated from the right way in his judgment; who acted wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically, therein. (Ḳ.)

تجانف فِى مِشْيَتِهِ He carried himself in a proud and self-conceited manner, [affecting an inclining of the body from side to side,] in his gait. (TA.) [And He inclined on one side in his gait: said of one who is lame of one leg: see مَحْرُوقٌ.]

تجانف عَنْ طَرِيقِهِ He affected a declining, or deviating, from his course, or way; he purposely declined, or deviated, therefrom; (Ḳ,* TA;) syn. تَمَايَلَ. (Ḳ.) And in like manner, تجانف إِلَى الشَّىْءِ [He affected an inclining to the thing; intentionally inclined to it]. (TA.) You say, تجانف لِإِثْمٍ He inclined to a sin, (Ṣ, Mgh,) [or affected an inclining to it, (see the part. n., below,)] intending, or purposing, the commission of an act of disobedience. (Mgh.)

جَنَفَ is [an epithet] like دَنَفَ, applying to a sing. and a pl., [being] also an inf. n. [of جَنِفَ, q. v.]: Abu-l-'Iyál El-Hudhalee says,

* أَلَّا دَرَأْتَ الخَصْمَ حِينَ رَأَيْتُهُمْ *

* جَنَفًا عَلَىَّ بِأَلْسُنٍ وَعُيُونِ *

[Wherefore didst not thou repel the adversaries, when thou sawest them inclining, or acting wrongfully, against me with tongues and eyes?]: or, accord. to one reading, جُنُفًا [which is a pl. ofجَانِفٌ↓]: (Skr p. 128:) [or, as some say,] جَنَفًا is a pl. [or rather quasi-pl. n.] of جَانِفٌ↓, like as رَوَحَ is of رَائِحٌ: or it may be for ذَوِى جَنَفٍ. (TA.)

جُنَافِىٌّ One who carries himself in a proud and self-conceited manner, (مُخْتَال, [for which Golius, here copied by Freytag, appears to have read مُحْتَال, with the unpointed ح,]) with an inclining [of the body from side to side]: (Sh, Ḳ:) or one who affects an inclining [of the body from side to side] (يَتَجَانَفُ) in his gait, and carries himself in a proud and self-conceited manner therein. (TA.)

أَجْنَفُ [fem. جَنْفَآءُ] Inclining [to a wrong course], or declining [from the right course], or acting wrongfully or unjustly, [absolutely, as alsoجَنِفٌ↓ andجَانِفٌ↓ andمِجْنَفٌ↓, or peculiarly] in his testament. (Ḳ.) You say,صَادَفَهُ جَنِفًا↓ فِى حُكْمِهِ [He found him to be one who deviated from the right way in his judgment; who acted wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically, therein]. (Ḳ.) Andخَصْمٌ مِجْنَفٌ↓ An adversary who inclines [to a wrong course], or declines [from the right course]; (Ḳ;) who acts wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically. (TA.)

Inclining; [or pendulous;] applied to a penis. (TA.)

Having a bending back; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) applied to a man. (Ṣ.)

See also 1, last sentence.

Big, or large; applied to a bowl (قَدَح). (TA.)

غَيْرَ مُتَجَانِفٍ لِإِثْمٍ, in the Ḳur [v. 5], means Not affecting an inclining to sin; intending, or purposing, it. (Mṣb, TA.)