Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

حَدَا الإِبِلَ, (Ṣ, Mgh,) or حَدَ بِالإِبِلِ, (Mṣb,) or both, (Ḳ) and حُدَآءٌ (Ṣ, Ḳ) and حِدَآءٌ, (Ḳ,) He drove the camels; (Ṣ, Mgh, Ḳ;) and chid them: (Ḳ:) [andاحتداها↓ app. has the former signification:] and he sang to them: (Ṣ:) or he urged, or excited, the camels by singing to them, which is termed حُدَآءٌ↓: (Mṣb:) or حَدَا لَهَا signifies he sang to them. (Mgh.) The Arabs in driving their camels used commonly to sing verses of the kind termed رَجَز. (TA in art. رجز.) [It is said that] حُدَآءٌ↓ originated from the fact of a DesertArab's beating his young man, or boy, and biting his fingers; whereupon he went along saying دَىْ دَىْ, meaning يَا يَدَىَّ [“O my two hands!”]; and the camels went on at his cry; therefore his master bade him keep to it: (Ḳ in art. دى:) so says IAạr. (TA in that art. [Other (similar) accounts of its origin are mentioned by MF in remarking on this passage of the Ḳ.]) حَدَا signifies also He raised his voice with [the singing termed] الحُدَآء. (Ḥar p. 576.) [And He breathed short (anhelavit), and sent forth a voice or sound. (Golius, from a gloss in the KL.)]

You say also of the north wind, تَحْدُو السَّحَابَ, i. e. † It drives along the clouds. (Ṣ.)

And حَدَاهُ عَلَى كَذَا † He urged him, incited him, or put him in motion or action, to do such a thing. (Mṣb, TA.)

And حَدَاهُ † It followed it; namely, the night the day; (Ḳ;) as alsoاحتداهُ↓: (AḤn, Ḳ:) and so the [wild] he-ass his she-asses; and anything any other thing. (TA.) Hence the saying, لَا أَفْعَلُهُ مَا حَدَا اللَّيْلُ النَّهَارَ † [I will not do it as long as the night follows the day]. (TA.)

See also 5.

تحدّاهُ, in its primary sense, is form الحُدَآءُ, and signifies He (a driver of camels) vied, competed, or contended for superiority, with him, or emulated him, (namely, another driver,) in driving camels, or urging them by singing to them; each of them desiring to elicit the ability of the other in doing so. (Z, TA.)

[And hence,] He vied, or competed, and contended for superiority, with him, (Ṣ, Ḳ,* mentioned in the Ḳ in art. حدى,) in an action or a work [of any kind]. (Ṣ.) You say, تَحَدَّيْتُ النَّاسَ القُرْآنَ I sought to elicit the ability of the people in order that it might be known which of us was most skilled in reading or reciting [the Ḳur-án]: it means like as does the saying of a person contending with others for the superior glory of his people, “Bring ye a people like my people, or like one of them.” (Mṣb.) It is said of Moḥammad, in a trad., تَحَدَّى العَرَبَ بِالقُرْآنِ [He vied, or contended, with the Arabs by means of the Ḳur-án]. (TA.) And one says, تَحَدَّى صَاحِبَهُ القِرَآءَةَ, and الصِّرَاعَ, [He vied, or contended, with his companion in reading, or reciting, and in wrestling,] in order that it might be seen which of them was the superior reader or reciter, and the superior wrestler. (TA.)

Also He aimed at it; made it his object; sought, endeavoured after, pursued, or endeavoured to reach or attain or obtain, it; intended or purposed it; (AA, and Ḳ * and TA in art. حدى;) as alsoحَدَاهُ↓, (AA, TA,) andاحداهُ↓. (Ṣgh, and Ḳ ib.) Hence the saying of Mujáhid, كُنْتُ أَتَحَدَّى القُرْآنَ فَأَقْرَأُ [I used to aim at reading, or reciting, the Ḳur-án, and so to read, or recite]. (AA, TA.)

تَحَادَتِ الإِبِلُ The camels urged on one another. (Ḳ.)

لَا أَفْعَلُهُ حَدَا الدَّهْرِ I will not do it ever; (Ḳ;) as long as the night follows the day. (TA. [See 1.])

حَدْوَآءُ The north wind; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) because it drives along the clouds: the masc. form, أَحْدَى, is not used. (Ṣ.)

حُدَيَّا A vying, or competition, and contention for superiority. (Ḳ. [There mentioned in art. حدى; but belonging to the present art., (see 5,) like as حُجَيَّا belongs to art. حجو.])

[One who vies, or competes, and contends for superiority.] You say, أَنَا حُدَيَّاكَ بِهٰذَا الأَمْرِ [I am he who vies,, &c., with thee in this affair], meaning come forth to me as an adversary, by thyself alone, (T, Ṣ,* Ḳ,* TA,) and compete, or contend, with me [in this affair]. (T, TA.)

And هُوَ حُدَيَّاهُمْ He aims at them; makes them his object; seeks, endeavours after, pursues, or endeavours to reach, or attain, them. (TA.)

And هٰذَا حُدَيَّا هٰذَا This is the like, or like in form, of this. (Aṣ, TA.)

And حُدَيَّا النَّاسِ One of the men or people. (Kr, Ḳ.)

See also حِدَأَةٌ, in art. حدأ.

حَادٍ Driving or a driver [of camels; or urging or exciting them, or one who urges or excites them, by singing to them: see 1]: (Mgh:) pl. حُدَاةٌ. (TA.) You say رَجُلٌ حَادٍ, andحَدَّآءٌ↓ [which latter is an intensive epithet]. (Ḳ.)

It is also applied to a [wild] he-ass, as meaning Driving before him his she-asses. (Ṣ,* TA.) He is said to be حَادِى ثَلَاثٍ [A driver before him of three she-asses], (Ṣ, TA,) and حَادِى ثَمَانٍ [a driver before him of eight she-asses]. (TA.)

حَادِى النَّجْمِ [lit. The driver, or urger, of the asterism] means الدَّبَرَانُ [i. e. † the Hyades; or the five chief stars thereof; or the brightest star thereof, a of Taurus]: (TA:) and so حَادِى النُّجُومِ [lit. the driver, or urger, of the stars]. (Ṣ voce مِجْدَحٌ.)

الحَوَادِى [pl. of the fem. الحَادِيَةُ] means † The hind legs; because they follow the fore legs. (Ḳ.) And † The latter or hinder, or the last, or hindmost, parts or portions of anything. (Az, TA.)

حَادٍ is also the act. part. n. of حَدَا as syn. with تحدّى; and thus means Aiming at a thing;, &c. (AA, TA.)

حَادِىَ عَشَرَ, &c.: see art. وحد.

إِحْدَى fem. of أَحَدٌ: see art. احد.

بَيْنَهُمْ أُحْدِيَّةٌ and أُحْدُوَّةٌ Among them is in use a certain kind of حُدَآء. (Lḥ, Ḳ.)