Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

حَطِمَ, aor. ـَ {يَحْطَمُ}, inf. n. حَطَمٌ, It broke, or became broken, in pieces; as alsoانحطم↓ (Mṣb) andتحطّم↓: (TA:) or these two, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or [correctly] the former [only], (TA,) it broke, or became broken: (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA:) or they are peculiarly said of that which is dry, or tough; (Ḳ, TA;) as a bone and the like. (TA.)

[Hence,] حَطِمَتِ الدَّابَّةُ † The beast became aged [and emaciated and weak, or broken with age: see حَطِمٌ, below]. (Ṣ.)

And † The beast had a disease (termed حَطَمٌ) in his legs. (TA.)

حَطَمَهُ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. ـِ {يَحْطِمُ}, (Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. حَطْمٌ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) He broke it: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) or it applies peculiarly to that which is dry, or tough; (Ḳ, TA;) as a bone and the like: (TA:) as alsoحطّمهُ↓, (Ḳ,) inf. n. تَحْطِيمٌ: (Ṣ:) or the latter signifies he broke it in pieces, (Ṣ,) and so the former; (Mṣb;) or the latter, he broke it much. (Mṣb, TA.)

He, or it, crushed it, or bruised it; as, for instance, a lion, that which he devours; and as a camel and a sheep or goat, the ground with his feet or hoofs, and the trees and herbs in eating them; and as the wind, that upon which it blows [vehemently]. (TA.) It is said in a trad., رَأَيْتُ جَهَنَّمَ يَحْتِمُ بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا [I saw Hell-fire, one part thereof crushing another: or, as though pressing upon another; from what next follows]. (TA.) One says of people crowding together, يَحْطِمُ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا [They crush, bruise, or press upon, one another]. (TA.) And of a vehement driver, يَحْطِمُ المَالَ [He bruises the cattle, or camels, &c.]. (A, TA.)

One says also, لَا تَحْطِمْ عَلَيْنَا المَرْتَعَ, meaning ‡ Spoil not thou to us the pasturage by pasturing upon it. (TA.)

And حَطَمَ فُلَانًا أَهْلُهُ ‡ His family rendered such a one a broken old man; as though they loaded him with their burdens. (TA.) And حَطَمَتْهُ السِّنُّ (Ṣ) † Age rendered him infirm. (TA.)

see 1. You say also, تحطّم البَيْضُ عَنِ الفِرَاخِ [The eggs broke in pieces so as to disclose the young birds]. (TA.) And تَحَطَّمَتْ الأَرْضُ يُبْسًا The ground, or earth, crumbled by reason of excessive dryness. (TA.) And تحطّم النَّاسُ The people crowded together, crushing, bruising, or pressing upon, one another. (TA.) Andانحطم↓ النَّاسُ عَلَيْهِ The people pressed together, or crowded, upon it, or him. (ISd, TA.)

And تحطّم عَلَيْهِ غَيْظًا ‡ He became inflamed with wrath, or rage, against him. (Ḳ,* TA.)

حَطَمٌ inf. n. of حَطِمَ [q. v.]. (Mṣb.)

Also A certain disease in the legs of a beast. (Ḳ.)

حَطِمٌ A thing (Mṣb) breaking in pieces of itself. (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ.)

† A horse broken by age: (Ṣ:) or a horse weak by reason of leanness and old age: (Az, TA:) or an aged beast. (Mṣb.)

حُطَمٌ One who breaks the ranks on the right and left; andحَطَّامُ↓ الصُّفُوفِ [signifies the same]. (TA.)

See also حُطَمَةٌ, in five places.

حَطْمَةٌ The crowding, thronging, or pressing, of men; and their pushing one another. (TA.)

The tide (دُفْعَة) of a torrent; like طَحْمَةٌ. (Ṣ.)

The havoc of a lion among cattle. (TA.)

‡ Dearth, drought, or sterility; or a year of dearth,, &c.; (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA;) because it breaks (تَحْطِمُ) everything; (TA;) as alsoحُطْمَةٌ↓ andحَاطُومٌ↓: (Ḳ:) or this last is not used except as meaning continual dearth, &c. (TA.) [See also the last of these words below.]

حِطْمَةٌ What is broken in pieces, or what one breaks, [accord. to different copies of the Ḳ, the former accord. to the reading in the TA,] of a thing that is dry, or tough; (Ḳ, TA;) as alsoحُطَامَةٌ↓: (Ḳ:) pl. of the former حِطَمٌ: whence صَعْدَةٌ حِطَمٌ [meaning a spear, or spear-shaft, broken in pieces, as is indicated in the TA], in which the term حِطْمَةٌ is regarded as applying to every portion. (Ḳ,* TA.) [See حُطَامٌ.]

حُطَمَةٌ A vehement fire, (Ḳ,) that breaks in pieces everything that is cast into it. (TA.) Hence, (Ṣ, TA,) الحُطَمَةُ a name of Hell, (Ḳ,) or of Hell-fire: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) or, as some say, the fourth stage of Hell: (Ḥar. p. 347:) or a gate of Hell. (Ḳ.)

‡ A man who eats much; (Ṣ, TA;) as alsoحُطَمٌ↓; who breaks everything in eating: (Ḥar p. 580:) and the latter, andحُطُمٌ↓, an insatiable man. (TA.)

† A large number of camels, (T, Ṣ, Ḳ,) and of sheep or goats: (T, Ḳ:) because they break, or crush, (T, Ṣ, TA,) the herbage, (T, TA,) or everything, (Ṣ, TA,) or the ground with their feet or hoofs, and the trees and herbs in eating them. (TA.)

Also, andحُطَمٌ↓, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) ‡ A pastor having little mercy upon the cattle; (Ṣ, TA;) or who acts injuriously towards them; (Ḳ, TA;) causing them to crush, or bruise, one another; (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA;) or as though he crushed, or bruised, them by his vehement driving: (A, TA:) or the former signifies a pastor who does not allow his beasts to avail themselves of the plentiful pasturages, nor let them disperse themselves in the pasturage: and↓ the latter, one who is ungentle, or rough; as though he broke, or crushed, or bruised, them when driving them or pasturing them: andسَوَّاقٌ حُطَمٌ↓ signifies a man who drives beasts vehemently, crushing them, or bruising them, by reason of his vehement driving; but it is used by way of comparison, as meaning ‡ cunning and versatile. (TA.) Hence, شَرُّ الرِّعَآءِ الحُطَمَةُ [The worst of pastors is the ungentle, who causes the beasts to crush, or bruise, one another]: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) accord. to the Ṣ, a prov.: accord. to Ṣgh and the Ḳ, not a prov., but a trad.: but many of the trads. are reckoned among provs.: it is applied to him who governs, or manages, ill. (MF, TA.) Hence also what is related in a trad. of ʼAlee, that Kureysh, when they saw him in war, or battle, used to say,اِحْذَرُوا الحُطَمَ↓ اِحْذَرُوا الحُطَمَ [Beware ye of the rough one! Beware ye of the rough one!]. (TA.)

حُطَمِيَّاتٌ Coats of mail; so called from a maker thereof named حُطَمَةُ: or such as break the swords: or such as are heavy and wide: (Ḳ:) the first of which explanations is the most probable. (TA.)

حُطَامٌ What is broken in pieces, of a thing that is dry, or tough. (Ṣ, Ḳ. [In the CK, by the accidental omission of وَكَغُرَابٍ, this signification and the next here following, from the Ḳ, are assigned to صَعْدَةٌ حِطَمٌ. See حِطْمَةٌ, which, accord. to some copies of the Ḳ, is syn. with حُطَامٌ in the sense explained above.]) And Fragments of eggs; (A, TA;) or of an egg-shell; so in a verse of Et-Tirimmáh: (TA:) or the shell of the egg. (Ḳ.)

[See a tropical usage of it in an ex. cited, from a trad., voce ثُمَامٌ.]

حُطَامُ الدُّنْيَا † The frail, or perishing, goods, or possessions, of the present world: accord. to Z, from حُطَامٌ signifying the “fragments” of eggs: (TA:) or [simply] the goods of the present world. (TA in art. عرض.)

حَطُومٌ The lion, (Ḳ,) that crushes, or bruises, everything that he devours; (TA;) as alsoحَطَّامٌ↓ andمِحْطَمٌ↓. (Ḳ.) And A wind (رِيح) that crushes everything. (TA.)

حَطِيمٌ Herbage remaining from the preceding year: (Lḥ, Ḳ:) because dry, and broken in pieces. (Lḥ, TA.)

الحَطِيمُ The حِجْر [q. v.] (Mṣb, Ḳ) of Mekkeh, (Mṣb,) [i. e.] of the Kaa- beh; (Ḳ;) which is excluded from the Kaabeh; said in the M to be of the part next the spout; and in the T, to be that in [or rather over] which is the spout: so called because it was left broken when the House was raised: or because the Arabs used to throw in it, or upon it, the clothes in which they performed their circuitings, and it remained until it became broken by length of time: (TA:) or the wall of the حِجْر of the Kaabeh; (I’Ab, Ṣ, Ḳ;) the wall over which is the spout of the Kaabeh; (Ḥam p. 710;) the wall that [partly] encloses the حِجْر of the Kaabeh, on the western [or rather north-western] side: (Ḥar p. 389:) or the part between the angle [of the Black Stone] and [the well of] Zemzem and the Makám [-Ibrá- heem] and, some add, the حِجْر: or from the Makám to the door: (Ḳ:) or the part between the black angle and the door and the Makám, where the people crowd together to offer up their supplications, so that they crush, or bruise, or press upon, one another: (Ḳ,* TA:) and there the pagans used to confederate. (Ḳ.)

حَاطُومٌ: see حَطْمَةٌ.

Also ‡ A digestive; syn. هَاضُومٌ. (Ḳ, TA. [In the CK, erroneously, حاضوم.]) It is implied in the Ḳ that this is also a signification of حَطْمَةٌ and حُطْمَةٌ; which it is not. (TA.) One says, نِعْمَ حَاطُومُ الطَّعَامِ البِطِّيخُ ‡ [Excellent, or most excellent, is the digestive of food, the melon, or water-melon]. (A, TA.)