Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

حَابَ, (Mṣb, Ḳ,) sec. pers. حُبْتُ, (Ṣ,) aor. يَحُوبُ, (Ṣ, Mṣb,) inf. n. حَوْبٌ (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ) and حَوْبَةٌ and حِيَابَةٌ, (Ṣ, Ḳ, accord. to one copy of the Ḳ حِيَابٌ,) and حِيبَةٌ (TA) and حُوبٌ; (Ḳ;) or this last is a simple subst.; or, as some say, it and حَوْبٌ are two dial. vars.; that with damm, of the dial. of El-Ḥijáz; and that with fet-ḥ, of the dial. of Temeem; (Mṣb;) accord. to Zj, that with damm signifies “sin, or crime;” and that with fet-ḥ, the “act” of a man; [i. e. the “act of committing a sin, or crime;”] (TA;) He sinned; committed a sin, or crime; did what was unlawful; (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ;) بِكَذَا [by such a thing]. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

Also, aor. as above, [inf. n. not mentioned,] He, or it, became in an evil condition, or state. (TA.)

He slew [another]: of the dial. of the tribe of Asad. (TA.)

حَوْبٌ also signifies The act of chiding a male camel [by the cry حَوْبِ]. (Lth, TA.) [See also 2.]

حوّب بِالإِبِلِ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,*) inf. n. تَحْوِيبٌ, (Ḳ,) He chid the camels (Ṣ, Ḳ) by the cry حَوْبِ حَوْبِ. (Ṣ.) [See also 1.]

أَحْوَبَ He pursued a course that led him to sin, or crime. (Ḳ, TA.)

مَا أَحَبْتُهُ for مَا أَحْبَبْتُهُ: see 4 in art. حب.

تحوّب He abstained from, shunned, or avoided, sin, or crime; put it away from himself: (AʼObeyd, Ṣ, Ḳ, TA:) he applied himself to acts, or exercises, of devotion; became devout, or a devotee. (IJ, TA.) Here the form تَفَعَّلَ is deprived of the radical signification, as in the cases of the syn. words تَأَثَّمَ and تَحَنَّثَ; though its property is oftener to confirm the radical signification. (TA. [See تحنّث.]) You say, تحوّب مِنْ كَذَا He abstained from such a thing as a sin, or crime. (AʼObeyd, Ṣ, TA. [See also another explanation below.])

He humbled himself in his prayer, or supplication. (TA.)

He expressed pain, grief, or sorrow; lamented, or complained. (Ṣ, Ḳ,* TA.) And تحوّب مِنْ كَذَا He was enraged, and expressed pain or grief or sorrow, or lamented, or complained, by reason of such a thing. (TA. [See another explanation above.])

He cried out, expressing pain or grief or sorrow, or lamenting, or complaining: he cried aloud, or vehemently, in prayer, or supplication. (TA.) He wept, in impatience, or sorrow, and with loud crying: and sometimes, in a general sense, he cried out, or aloud, (TA.)

He (a jackal) cried, or howled: because his cry is like that of a person expressing pain or grief or sorrow, or lamenting, or complaining, as though he were writhing from the pain of hunger or beating. (Ṣ, TA.)

حَوْبِ and حَوْبُ and حَوْبَ (Ṣ, Ḳ) andحَابِ↓ (Ḳ) A cry used for chiding a camel: (Ṣ:) or a cry by which a male camel is chidden, (Lth, IAth, Ḳ,) to urge him on; (Lth, TA;) like as a she-camel is by the cry حَلْ and حَلِ and حَلِى: the first form (حَوْبِ) is that used by the Arabs [in general]; but the other forms are allowable: حَوْبْ حَوْبْ also occurs, with the ب quiescent; and حَوْبًا حَوْبًا occurs in a trad., in the same sense: also,حَبْ↓ لَا مَشَيْتُ andحَبِ↓ andحَابْ↓ andحَابِ↓ [On! mayest thou not walk, or mayest thou not be rightly directed; حب, &c. being syn. with حَوْبِ, and followed by an imprecation]. (TA.) Hence, حَوْبَكَ هَلْ يُعْتَمُ بِالسَّمَارِ Urge on! Should a delay be made in bringing milk much diluted with water? i. e., if thou entertain with milk much diluted with water, wherefore tardiness? a prov., applied to him who delays the fulfilment of his promise, and then gives little. (MF.)

حَوْبٌ: see حُوبٌ, in two places:

and see also حَوْبَةٌ, in four places.

Also Grief, or sorrow: and loneliness, or solitariness: and soحُوبٌ↓, in both these senses. (Ḳ.)

Difficulty, distress, trouble, or fatigue; syn. جَهْدٌ. (Ḳ. [That جهد is to be thus understood here is indicated in the TA.])

Pain. (Ḳ.)

A difficult road. (TA.)

A kind, or sort: and a mode, or manner. (Ḳ, TA.) You say, سَمِعْتُ مِنْ هٰذَا حَوْبَيْنِ I heard, or have heard, of this, two kinds, or modes: and رَأَيْتُ مِنْهُ حَوْبَيْنِ I saw, or have seen, of it, two kinds, or modes. (TA.)

A he-camel: (Ḳ:) or a bulky he-camel: so called from the cry حَوْبِ, by which he is urged; like as a mule is called عَدَسٌ: (Lth, TA:) or it signifies originally a he-camel, and hence, from its frequency of usage, the cry حوب by which he is urged. (Ḳ,* TA.)

حُوبٌ (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ) andحَوْبٌ↓, (Mṣb,* Ḳ,) said by some to be two dial. vars., (Mṣb, [see 1, first sentence,]) andحَابٌ↓ (Ṣ, Ḳ) andحَوْبَةٌ↓ (AʼObeyd, Ḳ) andحُوبَةٌ↓ (AʼObeyd, TA) andحَابَةٌ↓ (Ḳ) andحِيبَةٌ↓, (TA,) Sin, or crime: or a sin, or a crime: (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ:) accord. to AʼObeyd, the first and second signify any sin or crime; (TA;) [as also, app., حَابٌ;] and حوبة [i. e. حَوْبَةٌ and حُوبَةٌ, the former particularly mentioned in the Mṣb, and app. حَابَةٌ also], a single sin or crime: (Mṣb, TA:) accord. to Fr, حُوبٌ signifies great sin, or a great sin: accord. to Ḳatádeh, wrong, injustice, or tyranny: thus in the Ḳur iv. 2; where El-Ḥasan readحَوْبًا↓ instead of حُوبًا. (TA.) One says,رَبِّ تَقَبَّلْ تَوْبَتِى وَٱغْسِلْ حَوْبَتِى↓ (T, TA) i. e. [O my Lord, accept my repentance, and wash away] my sin, or crime. (AʼObeyd, TA.) El-Mukhabbal Es-Saadee says,

*فَلَا تُدْخِلَنَّ الدَّهْرَ قَبْرَكَ حَوْبَةً↓ *

* يَقُومُ بِهَا يَوْمًا عَلَيْكِ حَسِيبُ *

[Then introduce not thou, ever, into thy grave, a sin with which a reckoner, or taker of vengeance, may one day rise up against thee]. (TA.)

حُوبٌ also signifies Perdition, destruction, or death. (Ḳ.) [Hence, app.,] اِبْنَةُ حوبٍ A quiver; syn. كِنَانَةٌ. (TA. [The vowel of the ح is not indicated.])

Disease. (Ḳ.)

A trial, a trouble, or an affliction. (Ḳ.) You say, هٰؤُلَآءِ عِيَالُ أَبِى حُوبٍ [These are the family of the father of trouble; i. e., of one who is in trouble]. (TA.)

See also حَوْبٌ.

And see حَوْبَآءُ.

حَوْبَةٌ: see حُوبٌ, in three places.

Also Maternal tenderness of heart. (Ḳ.)

Anxiety; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) and soحِيبَةٌ↓. (TA.)

Want; poverty; indigence; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) as alsoحِيبَةٌ↓ andحَوْبٌ↓. (Ḳ.) You say, in prayer, إِلَيْكَ أَرْفَعُ حَوْبَتِى i. e. [To Thee I make known] my want. (TA from a trad.) And أَلْحَقَ ٱللّٰهُ بِهِ الحَوْبَةَ May God bring upon him want, or poverty, or indigence. (Ṣ,* TA.) [And hence,]اِبْنُ حَوْبٍ↓ A man oppressed by difficulty, trouble, distress, or adversity; a man in need: i. e. any man in such a state. (IAạr, TA.) Andعِيَالُ ٱبْنِ حَوْبٍ↓ [The family of a man oppressed by difficulty,, &c.]. (TA.)

A state, or condition; as alsoحِيبَةٌ↓: (Ḳ:) but only used in speaking of an evil state; as in the phrases, بَاتَ بِحَوْبَةِ سُوْءٍ andبِحِيبَةِ↓ سُوْءٍ He passed the night in an evil state or condition. (TA.)

[Hence also, for ذُو حَوْبَةٍ, and ذَاتُ حَوْبَةٍ, and ذَوُو حَوْبَةٍ,] A weak man; (AZ, Ṣ, Ḳ;) as alsoحُوبَةٌ↓: (Ḳ:) and a weak woman: (TA:) and weak persons: (Ṣ:) and [a man who can neither profit nor harm; or] a man having neither good nor evil: (Ṣ:) pl. حُوَبٌ. (AZ, Ṣ.) It is said in a trad., اِتَّقُوا ٱللّٰهَ فِى الحَوْبَاتِ, for ذَوَاتِ الحَوْبَاتِ, i. e. Fear ye God with respect to the needy women, who cannot do without some one to maintain them, and to take constant care of them. (TA.) And you say, إِنَّ لِى أَعُولُهَا Verily I have a weak family to maintain. (Ṣ.)

A person whom one is under an obligation to respect, or honour, or defend, and who may be subjected to loss, or ruin, [if abandoned,] such as a mother, or sister, or daughter, or any other female relation within the prohibited degrees of marriage; as alsoحِيبَةٌ↓: (ISk, Ṣ:) any such relation whom it is sinful to subject to loss, or ruin, by abandoning her: (AʼObeyd, TA:) or a mother: (Ḳ:) by some explained peculiarly as having this meaning: (AʼObeyd, TA:) and a wife; or a concubine; (Ḳ;) because both require to be maintained: (TA:) and, as alsoحَوْبٌ↓, The father and mother: and a sister: and a daughter. (Ḳ.) You say, لِى فِى بَنِى فُلَانٍ حَوْبَةٍ andحِيبَةٌ↓ (ISk, Ṣ, Ḳ *) andحُوبَةٌ↓ (Ḳ) I have, among the sons of such a one, a female relation such as any of those above specified: (ISk, Ṣ:) or one to whom I bear relationship on the side of the mother: (Ḳ:) or a relation within the prohibited degrees of marriage. (AZ, TA.)

A sacred, or an inviolable, right of a person, which it would be sinful to disregard; as in the saying, فَعَلْتُهُ لِحَوْبَةِ فُلَانٍ [I did it for the sake of the sacred, or inviolable, right of such a one]. (A.)

A horse, or similar beast; syn. دَابَّةٌ: (Ḳ:) for this, also, cannot do without some one to take constant care of it, and to sustain it. (TA.)

The middle of a house. (Ḳ.) Perhaps the ب in this instance is a substitute for م. (TA.)

حُوبَةٌ: see حُوبٌ:

and see also حَوْبَةٌ, in two places.

حُوبَةٌ مِنَ الأَرْضِ A bad tract of land; as alsoحِيبَةٌ↓. (TA.)

حِيبَةٌ: see حُوبٌ:

and see also حَوْبَةٌ, in six places:

and حُوبَةٌ.

حَوْبَآءُ The soul; syn. نَفْسٌ; (AZ, Ṣ, Ḳ;) as alsoحُوبٌ↓: (AZ, Ḳ:) or the soul whose seat is in the heart; syn. رُوحُ القَلْبِ [also called the animal soul, رُوح حَيَوَانِىّ: see art. روح]: AHei asserts, in a disquisition on the heart, that this word is formed by transcription form حَبْوَآءُ: (TA:) pl. حَوْبَاوَاتٌ. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) You say, حَرَسَ ٱللّٰهُ حَوْبَآءَكَ [May God guard, or preserve, thy soul]. (A.)

[Also] The body, or person; in Persian تَنْ. (KL.)

حَائِبٌ Slaying; or a slayer: of the dial. of the tribe of Asad. (TA.)

أَحْوَبُ, as an epithet applied to a man, More, or most, or very, sinful, or criminal. (Ṣ, TA. [This meaning is implied, but not expressed.])

مُحَوِّبٌ, (Ḳ,) or, accord. to some, مُحَوَّبٌ, (MF,) andمُتَحَوِّبٌ↓, (Ḳ,) A man whose wealth passes away from him, and then returns. (Ḳ.)

مُتَحَوِّبٌ: see what next precedes.