Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

حَبَسَهُ, (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. ـِ {يَحْبِسُ}, (Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. حَبْسٌ (Ṣ, A, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ) and مَحْبَسٌ, (Lth, Sb, Ḳ,) He confined, restricted, limited, kept in, prevented from escape, kept close, kept within certain bounds or limits, shut up, imprisoned, held in custody, detained, retained, arrested, restrained, withheld, debarred, hindered, impeded, or prevented, him or it; contr. of خَلَّاهُ; (Ṣ, TA;) syn. مَنَعَهُ, (A, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ, TA,) and أَمْسَكَهُ; (TA;) as alsoاحتبسهُ↓: (Ṣ, Ḳ:*) and i. q. ضَبَطَهُ (Sb, TA in this art) or ضَبَطَ عَلَيْهِ (TA in art. ضبط) [he took, held, or retained, him or it, strongly, vehemently, or firmly;, &c.]. You say, لَا يُحْبَسُ دَرُّكُمْ meaning, لَا تُحْبَسُ ذَوَاتُ الدَّرِ [Your milch animals shall not be confined, or restrained from pasturing]. (TA.) And حَبَسَ المِلْكَ عَلَيْهِ † [He confined, or restricted, the property to him, by will or otherwise]. (Mgh in art. وقف.) And حَبَسَ نَفْسَهُ عَلَى كَذَا [He confined, or restricted, himself to such a thing]. (Ṣ and Ḳ voce تحبّس.) And حَبَسَهُ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ [He restrained, or withheld, him from his course, purpose, or object]. (Ṣ in art. الت;, &c.) And حَبَسَهُ عَنْ حَاجَتِهِ [He withheld, or debarred, him from the thing that he wanted]. (Ḳ in art. بيت;, &c.)

[Hence,] حَبَسَهُ, (IDrst, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. حَبْسٌ; (TA;) andاحبسهُ↓, (Ṣ, IDrst, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ, [in one copy of the Ṣ, and in one of the A, احتبسهُ↓, which is perhaps allowable,]) inf. n. إِحْبَاسٌ; (TA;) andحبّسهُ↓, (IDrd, Mgh,) inf. n. تَحْبِيسٌ; (IDrd, TA;) فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللّٰهِ; (Ṣ, IDrst, A, Mgh;) ‡ He bequeathed it, or gave it, (namely, a horse, Ṣ, IDrst, A, Mgh, Ḳ,) unalienably, (Ṣ, IDrst, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) to be used in the cause of God, or religion; (Ṣ, IDrst, A, Mgh, Ḳ;) i. e., to the warriors, to ride it in war against unbelievers and the like: (TA:) it is said that the chaste forms are احبسهُ↓ andحبّسهُ↓: (TA:) or the latter of these two is sometimes used; (Mgh;) but has an intensive signification [or is applied to several objects]: (Mṣb:) حَبَسهُ is said to be a bad form; (TA;) it is used by the vulgar, but is allowable: احبسهُ↓ is used in preference, to signify the bequeathing or giving of horses and other articles of property that are forbidden to be [afterwards] sold or given, to distinguish between that which is so forbidden and that which is not: (IDrst, TA:) the reverse is the case with respect to وَقَفَهُ and أَوْقَفَهُ and وَقَّفَهُ; for the first of these three is the most chaste, and the last of them is disapproved and rare: (TA:) حبّس↓ شَيْئًا, inf. n. تَحْبِيسٌ, signifies † He made a thing to remain in itself unalienable, (Ḳ,* TA,) not to be inherited nor sold nor given away, (TA,) assigning the profit arising from it to be employed in the cause of God, or religion. (Ḳ, TA.) Moḥammad is related to have said to ʼOmar, respecting some palm-trees belonging to the latter, (Mgh, TA,) which he (the latter) desired to give in charity, (TA,) حَبِّسِ↓ الأَصْلَ وَسَبِّلِ الثَّمَرَةَ ‡ Make thou the property itself to remain unalienable, (Mgh, TA,) in perpetuity, (Mgh,) not to be inherited nor sold nor given away, (TA,) and assign thou the profit arising therefrom to be employed in the cause of God, or religion. (Mgh, TA.) [See حَبِيسٌ.]

حابس صَاحِبَهُ, (Ḳ,) inf. n. مُحَابَسَةٌ, (TḲ,) i. q. حَبَسَ [He confined his companion, or restricted him,, &c.]: or [more probably, and agreeably with analogy,] he confined his companion,, &c., the latter doing the same to him. (TḲ.)

تحبّس عَلَى كَذَا He confined, restricted, limited, restrained, or withheld, himself (حَبَسَ نَفْسَهُ) to such a thing. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) تحبّس عَنِ الرُّكْبَانِ He held back from the riders. (TA.) تحبّس فِى الأَمْرِ [He withheld himself, or held back, in, or respecting, the affair]. (TA in art. حوز.)

احتبس quasi-pass. of حَبَسَهُ; He, or it, was or became, confined, restricted, limited,, &c.; and he confined, restricted, limited,, &c., himself; (Ṣ, A, Ḳ;) [as alsoانحبس↓; but this latter is probably post-classical.]

Said of urine [as meaning It became suppressed]. (Ṣ and Mṣb in art. حقب;, &c.)

احتبسهُ syn. with حَبسَهُ, which see, in two places. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

Also He appropriated it to himself; restricted it to his own special possession: (A, TA:) or he made, or constituted, it (اِتَّخَذَهُ) what is termed حَبِيس. (TA.)

حَبْسٌ A place of confinement, restriction, imprisonment, or the like; a prison; a jail; (A, Mṣb;) as alsoمَحْبَسٌ↓, (Lth, A, TA,) which is also an inf. n.; (Lth, TA;) or, accord. to analogy, مَحْبِسٌ↓: (Sb, TA:) pl. of the first, حُبُوسٌ; (Mṣb;) and of the second [and third], مَحَابِسُ. (A.)

See also حِبْسٌ.

حُبْسٌ a contraction of حُبُسٌ, which is pl. of حَبِيسٌ [q. v.]. (IAth, TA.)

حِبْسٌ A dam constructed of wood or stones, in a channel of water, to confine the water, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) that people may drink from it and water their beasts; (Ṣ, TA;) as alsoحَبْسٌ↓: (El-'Ámiree, Ḳ:) pl. أَحْبَاسٌ (Ṣ, TA) and حِبَاسٌ: (Meyd, in Golius:) or a dam by which the water-course of a valley is obstructed, in any place where it is confined: (TA:) or stones put in the mouth of a river or rivulet or the like, preventing the overflowing of the water: (IAạr, TA:) or a مَصْنَعَة for water; [i. e. a thing like a حَوْض, or water-ing-trough for beasts, &c., in which the rain-water is collected;] (Ṣ;) as alsoحَابِسٌ↓: (TA:) or a thing like a مَصْنَعَة for water: (AA, Ḳ:) pl. أَحْبَاسٌ: (AA, TA:) andحُبَاسَةٌ↓ andحِبَاسَةٌ↓ signify the same as حِبْسٌ: or, accord. to Lth, the حباسات in a piece of land are what surround a [portion of ground such as is called] دَبْرَةٌ, which is the same as a مَشَارَة, in which the water is confined until they are full, when it is made to flow to other parts: (TA:) or a حِبْس is what is surrounded by dams [or by ridges of earth] which confine, or retain, the water [for irrigation]; as also مَشَارَةٌ and دَبْرَةٌ. (R, TA in art. شور.)

Also Water collected, and having no supply to increase it: (Ibn-ʼAbbád, Ḳ:) thus called by the name of that by which it is confined. (TA.)

حُبْسَةٌ a subst. from اِحْتِبَاسٌ [signifying A state of confinement, restriction, limitation,, &c.]: you say, الصَّمْتُ حُبْسَةٌ [Speechlessness is a state of restriction]. (Ṣ, TA.)

[Hence,] A difficulty of utterance which prevents one's speaking distinctly; (A;) a difficulty of speech, (Mbr, Ḳ,) and hesitation, (Mbr, TA,) when one desires to speak; (Mbr, Ḳ;) a hesitation in speech. (Mṣb.)

حَبِيسٌ i. q. مَحْبُوسٌ↓, [pass. part. n. of 1,] Confined; restricted; limited;, &c. (TA.)

‡ Anything bequeathed, or given, unalienably, (Lth, Mgh, Mṣb,) for the sake of God; whether an animal or land or a house; (Mgh;) as alsoمَحْبُوسٌ↓ andمُحَبَّسٌ↓ andمُحْبَسٌ↓: (Mṣb:) pl. of the first حُبُسٌ, (Mgh, Mṣb,) and, by contraction, حُبْسٌ: (Mṣb:) حَبِيسٌ is used as a sing. and as a pl.: (Mṣb:) it is of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ; and is sometimes used in the place of the pass. part. n. of حَبَّسَ: (TA:) it is also particularly applied to a horse bequeathed, or given, unalienably, to be used in the cause of God, or religion; (Ṣ, A,* Mgh, Ḳ;) i. e., to the warriors, to ride it in war against unbelievers and the like; (TA;) as alsoمُحْبَسٌ↓ (Ṣ, Mgh, Ḳ) andمَحْبُوسٌ↓: (Ḳ:) and حُبْسٌ, (Ṣ,) or حُبُسٌ, (Ḳ,) to what is, or are, bequeathed, or given, unalienably, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) not to be sold nor inherited, (TA,) of palm-trees, or vines, &c., (Ḳ,) as land, and anything that is a source of profit, (TA,) itself to remain unalienable, and the profit arising therefrom to be employed in the cause of God, or religion: (Ḳ, TA:) but the حُبُس which Moḥammad is related to have made common property were what the pagan Arabs bequeathed, or gave, unalienably, for (عَلَى [so in the TA, and this I regard as the true reading, rather than مِن, which is the reading in the Mgh and L,]) the [camels called] سَوَائِب and بَحَائِر, and such as was called حَامٍ: (Mgh, L, TA:) Hr, in the Ghareebeyn, gives the reading حُبْس, which, says IAth, if correct, is a contraction of حُبُس. (TA.) [From حُبْس, used as a subst., has been formed, app. in post-classical times, the pl. أَحْبَاسٌ: see De Sacy's “Chrest. Ar.,” sec. ed., vol. i. p. 189.] حَبِيسَةٌ↓, also, [used as a subst.,] signifies † A thing that is bequeathed, or given, unalienably, in the way of beneficence: and its pl. is حَبَائِسُ. (TA.)

[حَبَّاسٌ A jailer.]

حَابِسٌ [act. part. n. of حَبَسَ; Confining; restricting; limiting;, &c.]: pl. حُبَّسٌ. (IAth, TA.) [Hence,] حَابِسُ الفِيلِ The Restrainer of the El-ephant: an epithet applied to God; alluding to the case of Abrahah. [See Ḳur ch. cv.] (TA.) And زِقٌّ حَابِسٌ A skin that retains the water [&c.]. (TA.) And كَلَأْ حَابِسٌ Herbage that is abundant, and retaining the water. (TA.)

See also حِبْسٌ.

Also i. q. مَحْبُوسٌ, or ذُو حَبْسٍ. (Ḥam p. 188.)

مَحْبَسٌ and مَحْبِسٌ: see حَبْسٌ.

Also, the latter, [or both,] The manger, or stable, of a beast. (TA.)

إِبْلٌ مُحْتَبِسَةٌ Camels that remain at the house; syn. دَاجِنَةٌ: as though they were restrained from pasturing. (TA.)