Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

حَبَا, (Mṣb, Ḳ,) [aor. يَحْبُو,] inf. n. حُبُوٌّ, (Ḳ,) He, or it (a thing, Mṣb, TA), was, or became, or drew, near. (Mṣb, Ḳ.) And hence, (TA,) حَبَوْتُ لِلْخَمْسِينَ I was, or became, or drew, near to fifty [years]; (Ṣ, ISd, TA;) [as also حبوت الخَمْسِينَ; for] IAạr says that حَبَاهَا and حَبَا لَهَا both have this signification. (TA.)

حَبَتِ الأَضْلَاعُ إِلَى الصُّلْبِ The ribs joined to the backbone; (Ḳ;) and in like manner, with the same meaning, one says of the entrails: and the ribs were near to the backbone. (TA.) And حَبَتِ الشَّرَاسِيفُ, (Ḳ,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) i. e. [The extremities of the ribs, projecting over the belly,] were long, so that they were near one another. (Ḳ.) And حَبَا المَسِيلُ The water-course, or channel of a torrent, became [contracted,] so that one part thereof was near to another. (Ḳ.)

حَبَا, (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. يَحْبُو, (Mgh, Mṣb,) inf. n. حَبْوٌ, said of a child, (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) before he stands; (Lth, TA;) as also حَبَى, aor. يَحْبِى, inf. n. حَبْىٌ, which, however, is rare; (Mṣb;) He crept, or crawled, [or dragged himself along,] upon his posteriors; (Mgh;) or so حبا عَلَى ٱسْتِهِ: (Ṣ:) or he went along upon his posteriors, protruding his chest: (Ḳ:) or went along on four [or, as we say, on all fours]: in this last sense it is used by the lawyers. (Mgh.) And, said of a man, He went along upon his hands, or arms, and his belly: (Ḳ:) or upon his hands, or arms, and his knees: or upon his posteriors: or upon his elbows and knees: (TA:) [or he crept, or crawled: for] you say, مَا جَآءَ إِلَّا حَبْوًا, meaning He came not save creeping, or crawling: and مَانَجَافُلَانٌ إِلَّا حَبْوًا [Such a one escaped not save creeping, or crawling]. (TA.) Also, said of a camel having his fore shank bound up to his arm, He crept, or crawled, along: [or he dragged himself along on the ground:] and, said of a camel, he lay down, and crept, or crawled, [or dragged himself along,] by reason of fatigue: or, as some say, being constrained to ascend a difficult tract of sand, he protruded his chest, and then crept, or crawled. (TA.)

[Hence,] said of an arrow, It glided along the ground, and then hit the butt: (Ṣ:) or so حبا إِلَى الغَرَضِ. (Mṣb.)

And حبا المَالُ, (Ḳ,) inf. n. حَبْوٌ, (TA,) The cattle clave to the ground, motionless, by reason of emaciation. (Ḳ.)

And حَبَتِ السَّفِينَةُ, (Ḳ,) inf. n. حَبْوٌ, (TA,) The ship ran. (Ḳ.)

حَبَا لَهُ It (a thing) presented itself, or its breadth, or width, or its side, to him, or it; syn. اِعْتَرَضَ, (Ḳ,) or عَرَضَ; (Mgh;) as do, for instance, waves to a ship; (TA;) and as clouds, like a mountain, before they cover the sky. (Ṣ.) And حبا الرَّمْلُ, aor. يَحْبُو, inf. n. حَبْوٌ, The sands rose up, extending sideways (مُعْتَرِضًا): (TA:) or extended widely. (IAạr, TA.)

حَبَاهُ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. as above, (TA,) inf. n. حَبْوٌ (TA) and حَبْوَةٌ, (Ṣ, TA,) or this is a simple subst, (Ḳ,) and the inf. n. is حِبَآءٌ, (Mṣb,) or this last also is a simple subst., (Ṣ,* Ḳ,) He gave him (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ) a thing (Mṣb) without any compensation (Mṣb, Ḳ) and without [receiving] any favour, or benefit: or in a general sense. (Ḳ. [See also حِبَآءٌ below.]) You say, حَبَاهُ كَذَا and بِكَذَا He (God, or a man,) gave him such a thing without [receiving] any favour, or benefit, and without requital. (Ḥam pp. 327 and 654.)

And also, (Ḳ,) aor. as above, inf. n. حِبَآءٌ, (TA,) He denied him, refused him, or refused to give him; (Ḳ, TA;) on the authority of IAạr only. (TA.) Thus the verb bears two contr. significations. (Ḳ.)

حبا مَا حَوْلَهُ He defended, protected, or guarded, what was around him; (Aṣ, Ṣ, Ḳ;) as alsoحبّاهُ↓, inf. n. تَحْبِيَةٌ. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) J cites as an ex. of the former verb, from a poem of Ibn-Aḥmar, the phrase لَمْ يَحْبُهَا فَحْلٌ [as though meaning A stallion did not defend them]; referring to she-camels: but accord. to AḤn, it means did not regard them; being occupied with himself. (TA.)

You say also, فُلَانٌ يَحْبُو قَصَاهُمْ and يَحُوطُ قَصَاهُمْ [Such a one fights in their defence; or defends them in a distant quarter: but generally meant ironically: see 1 in art. حوط]: both signify the same. (Abu-l-ʼAbbás, TA.)

حاباهُ, (Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. مُحَابَاةٌ (Mṣb, Ḳ, KL) and حِبَآءٌ, (Ḳ,) He vied, or contended, with him in giving. (KL.)

He aided him, or assisted him: he treated him, or behaved towards him, with partiality; was partial towards him: and inclined towards him: (Ḳ:) he treated him in an easy and a gentle manner. (Mṣb.)

حاباهُ فِى البَيْعِ, (Ṣ, MA,) inf. n. مُحَابَاةٌ, (Ṣ, Mgh, KL,) He abated the price, or payment, to him in selling: (MA, KL, PṢ:) or he treated him in an easy and a gentle manner therein: (TḲ:) from حِبَآءٌ signifying “a gift.” (Mgh.)

رَمَى فَأَحْبَى He shot, and made his arrow to fall short of the butt (IAạr, Ḳ) and then to leap so as to hit the butt. (IAạr, TA.)

احتبى He drew together and confined his back and his shanks (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, and Ḥar p. 179) with his رِدَآء, (Ṣ,) or with a garment, or piece of cloth, or with some other thing, (Mgh, Mṣb, and Ḥar ubi suprà,) when sitting, to be like him who is leaning [his back against a wall]: (Ḥar ubi suprà:) he drew his legs against his belly with a garment, or piece of cloth, confining them therewith, together with his back, and binding it, or making it tight, upon them, so as to preserve him from falling, [when he sat,] like a wall: (IAth, TA:) andتحبّى↓ signifies the same: (TA:) or احتبى بِالثَّوْبِ he inwrapped himself with the garment: or he drew together and confined his back and his shanks with a turban or the like: (Ḳ:) for the Arabs not having walls in their deserts to lean against in their assembling, the man used to set up his knees in his sitting, and put against them a sword, or surround them [and his back] with a piece of cloth, or knit his hands, or arms, together upon them, and rest against them; this standing him in stead of leaning. (Ḥar ubi suprà.) The doing this in one garment is forbidden, in a trad., lest, by accident, what decency requires to be concealed should become exposed. (IAth, TA.) You say also, احتبى بِيَدَيْهِ [He confined his legs against his belly with his hands, or arms, in sitting, to support himself by so doing]. (Ṣ, Mṣb.*) [See also قُرْفُصَآءُ.] الاِحْتِبَآءُ with the sword is practised on the occasions of making a covenant for mutual protection, or war, or appointing a chief, and the like; because the sword may be wanted in these cases. (Ḥam p. 711.)

حُبَةٌ A grape: (Ḳ:) or grapes when they first grow, from the berry, not from planting: (TA:) pl. حُبًى. (Ḳ.)

حُبْوَةٌ a subst. from اِحْتَبَى, (Yaạḳoob, Ṣ, Ḳ,) as alsoحِبْوَةٌ↓ (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ) and حِبْيَةٌ (Ḳ) andحِبَآءُ↓ andحُبَآءٌ↓: (Ks, Ḳ:) meaning [The act denoted by اِحْتَبَى; i. e. اِحْتِبَآءٌ: and also] a turban, or piece of cloth, or some other thing with which a man performs what is termed الاِحْتِبَآءُ: (Ḥar p. 179:) pl. حُبًى (Yaạḳoob, TA) and حِبًى. (Yaạḳoob, Ṣ, TA.) [See an ex. from a trad. voce نَمِرَةٌ: and see also a verse of El-Farezdaḳ cited voce حَلَّ.] Hence, حَلَّ حُبْوَتَهُ and عَقَدَ حُبْوَتَهُ mean † He rose, or stood up, and † He sat. (Ḥar p. 179. The former phrase is also mentioned in the Ṣ.) And the saying, الحُبَى حِيطَانُ العَرَبِ [The things used for the purpose of اِحْتِبَآء are the walls of the Arabs: see 8]. (TA.) And the saying, in a trad. of El-Ahnaf (when he was asked in a time of war, “When is forbearance?”), عِنْدِ الحُبَآءِ↓ [On the occasion of اِحْتِبَآء]; meaning that forbearance is to be approved in peace, not in war. (TA.) الحبوة on Friday, when the Imám is reciting the khutbeh, is forbidden; because الاِحْتِبَآء induces sleep, and exposes the purity of the worshipper to be annulled. (TA.)

See also حِبَآءٌ.

حِبَآءٌ (Ṣ, Mgh, Ḳ) a subst. from حَبَاهُ “he gave him without any compensation”, &c., (Ḳ,) as alsoحُبْوَةٌ↓ (Mṣb, Ḳ) andحَبْوَةٌ↓ andحِبْوَةٌ↓; (Ḳ;) all held by Lḥ to be inf. ns.: (TA:) or meaning A gift. (Ṣ, Mgh.) And the first, The dowry of a woman or wife. (TA.)

See also حُبْوَةٌ, in two places.

حَبِىٌّ: see حَابٍ.

Also A collection of clouds; syn. سَحَابٌ; because it creeps along; or from حَبَا meaning عَرَضَ, wherefore it is also called عَارِضٌ: (Mgh:) or applied to a collection of clouds as meaning that presents itself, or its breadth, or width, or its side, or extends sideways, (Ṣ, Ḥam p. 785, and EM p. 51,) heaped up, (EM,) in the tracts of the horizon, (Ḥam,) like a mountain, before it covers the sky; (Ṣ, EM;) as alsoحَبًا↓; (Ṣ;) so called because near to the earth, (Ṣ, Ḥam,) as though creeping, or crawling, like a child; or from حَبَا; like as سَحَابٌ is from سَحَبَ, (Ḥam,) or from سَحَبَ أَهْدَابَهُ: (TA:) or, as alsoحُبِىٌّ↓, a collection of clouds overpeering (يُشْرِفُ, in [some of] the copies of the Ḳ, erroneously, يشرق, TA) from the horizon upon the earth: or heaped up, one part above another. (Ḳ, TA.)

حَابٍ Near; applied to thing of any kind. (Ṣ.) [Hence,] حَابِى الحُيُودِ Having the heads of the ribs connected [by means of the cartilages], one with another. (Az, TA.) And إِنَّهُ لَحَابِى الشَّرَاسِيفِ Verily he is protuberant in the two sides. (Ṣ.)

Having the shoulder-joints elevated to, or towards, the neck; (Ḳ;) applied to a man, and likewise to a camel. (TA.)

An arrow that creeps along (Ḳṭ, Ḳ) upon the ground (Ḳṭ) to the butt, (Ḳṭ, Ḳ,) having fallen short of it: (Ḳṭ:) or an arrow that glides along the ground, and then hits the butt: pl. حَوَابٍ. (Mṣb.) Hence the saying, in a trad., إِنَّ حَابِيًا خَيْرٌ مِنْ زَاهِقٍ, i. e. An arrow such as is termed حَابٍ, though weak, having hit the butt, is better than one that goes beyond the butt by its vehemence of passage, and its force, not having hit it: meaning, by the two arrows, one who attains the truth, or right, or a part thereof, though weak; and another who goes beyond it, and far from it, though strong. (TA.)

A thing presenting itself, or its breadth, or width, or its side; as alsoحَبِىٌّ↓; (Ḳ;) as in the saying of El-ʼAjjáj, describing a [vessel such as is called] قُرْقُور,

* فَهْوَ إِذَا حَبَا لَهُ حَبِىُّ *

i. e. [So it,] when waves present themselves, or their breadth,, &c., to it. (TA.) [Hence,] رَمَلٌ حَابٍ Overpeering sands presenting themselves, or their breadth,, &c. (TA.) And جَبَلٌ حَابٍ A heavy, overpeering mountain. (TA.)

Also A certain plant: (Ḳ:) so called because of its height. (TA.) And حَابِيَةٌ A tract of sand (رَمْلَةٌ), (Ḳ, TA,) elevated and overpeering, (TA,) producing that plant. (Ḳ, TA.)