Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

حَدَثَ, (Ṣ, A, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. ـُ {يَحْدُثُ}, (Mgh, Mṣb,) inf. n. حُدُوثٌ (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ) and حَدَاثَةٌ, (A, Ḳ,) It was new, or recent; contr. of قَدُمَ: (Ṣ,* A, Ḳ:) it (a thing) came into existence; began to be; had a beginning; began, or originated; existed newly, for the first time, not having been before: (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, TA:) but when mentioned with قَدُمَ, it is written حَدُثَ, with damm to the د, (Ṣ, Mgh, Ḳ,) as in the saying, أَخَذَنِى مَا قَدُمَ وَمَاحَدُثَ, (Ṣ,) or أَخَذَهُ الخ, (A, Mgh,) meaning Old and new anxieties and thoughts [came into my mind, or his mind, or overcame me, or him]; (TA;) or old and new griefs or sorrows; (Mgh;) the former saying occurring in a trad.: (TA:) the verb is not thus in any other case [in this sense]. (Ṣ.) You say, حَدَثَ بِهِ عَيْبٌ A vice, or fault, or the like, originated in him, or it, not having been before. (Mṣb.) And حَدَثَ أَمْرٌ An affair, or event, originated: (Mgh:) or happened, or came to pass. (Ṣ.) حُدُوثٌ is of two kinds: حُدُوثٌ زَمَانِىٌّ, which is A thing's being preceded by non-existence: and حُدُوثٌ ذَاتِىٌّ, which is a thing's being dependent upon another for its existence. (KT.)

حَدَاثَةٌ and حُدُوثَةٌ, [as inf. ns. of which the verb, if they have one, is, accord. to analogy, حَدُثَ,] relating to a man, signify The being young; or [as simple substs.] youthfulness. (ISd, Ḳ.)

حدّثهُ [He told him, or related to him, something; he discoursed to him, or talked to him: see also 5]. You say, حدّثهُ الحَدِيثَ, (L,) and حدّثهُ بِهِ, (A,* L,) inf. n. تَحْدِيثٌ, a word of well-known meaning, (Ṣ,) He told him, or related to him, the story, or narrative, or tradition. (L.)[And حدّث He related traditions of Moḥammad: and حدّث عن فُلَانٍ he related such traditions heard, or learned, from such a one: the verb in this sense being an Islámee term.]

[Hence,] تَرِكْتُ البِلَادَ تُحَدِّثُ † I left the countries, or towns, resounding with a buzzing, or confused noise. (Th, ISd.)

حادث سَيْفَهُ, (TA,) inf. n. مُحَادَثَةٌ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) He polished his sword; (Ṣ,* Ḳ,* TA;) [as though he made it new by doing so;] as alsoاحدثهُ↓, (TA,) inf. n. إِحْدَاثٌ. (Ḳ.)

Hence, حَادِثُوا هٰذِهِ القُلُوبَ بِذِكْرِ ٱللّٰهِ فَإِنَّهَا سَرِيعَةُ الدُّثُورِ † Polish and cleanse ye these hearts by the remembrance of God, like as the sword is polished: [for they quickly become sullied:] a trad. of El-Ḥasan. (TA.)

مُحَادَثَةٌ andتَحَادُثٌ↓, words of wellknown meaning, (Ṣ,) are syn.: (Ḳ:) [but the former generally relates to two persons: the latter, to more than two:] you say, حادث صَاحِبَهُ [He talked, or conversed in words, with his companion]: (A:) and حادثوا andتحادثوا↓ [They talked, or conversed in words, together, or one with another]. (TḲ.)

احدثهُ (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, TA) andاستحدثهُ↓ (A) He (God, Ṣ, or a man, Mṣb) brought it into existence, caused it to be, made it, produced it, effected it, or did it, newly, for the first time, it not having been before; began it, or originated it; invented it; innovated it. (Ṣ, Mṣb, TA.) [Hence,] احدث أَمْرَا [He brought to pass an event]. (Ḳur lxv. 1.) And احدث حَدَثًا He originated an innovation [see حَدَثٌ]. (TA.)

See also 3.

Also احدث, (Ṣ, L, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. إِحْدَاثٌ, (Mṣb,) from الحَدَثُ, (Ṣ,) † He voided his ordure; or broke wind: (L, Ḳ:) it has both these meanings: (L:) or he did a thing that annulled his state of legal purity. (Mṣb.) [See حَدَثٌ.]

And ‡ He committed adultery, or fornication: (Ḳ, TA:) and in like manner one says of a woman [احدثت]. (TA.)

تحدّث [He talked; conversed in words; told, or related, stories, or narratives]. (Ṣ.) And تحدّث بِهِ [He talked of it; told it; related it]; (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ;) namely, a حَدِيث, (Mṣb,) or what is termed أُحْدُوثَة. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) And يَتَحَدَّثُ إِلَى النِّسَآءِ [He talks to women]. (Ṣ, A.*) [See also 2.]

It is said in a trad., يَبْعَثُ ٱللّٰهُ السَّحَابَ فَيَضْحَكُ أَحْسَنَ الضَّحِكِ وَيَتَحَدَّثُ أَحْسَنَ الحَدِيثِ ‡ [God shall send the clouds, and they shall laugh with the best laughing, and talk with the best talking]: the talking here mentioned, says IAth, is said to mean thundering; and the laughing, lightning; thundering being likened to talking because it announces rain, and its near coming: or by laughing may be meant the smiling of the earth, and the appearing of the flowers or blossome; and by talking, the talking of men in describing and mentioning the plants or herbage: this figure of speech is termed مَجَازٌ تَعْلِيقِىٌّ, and is one of the most approved kinds of مجاز. (TA.)

see 4.

You say also, استحدث خَبَرًا He found new tidings or information: (Ṣ:) or he gained, or acquired, tidings or information. (A.)

رَجُلٌ حِدْثٌ andحَدُثٌ↓ andحَدِثٌ↓ andحِدِّيثٌ↓ (Ḳ) andمُحَدِّثٌ↓ (L) A man of many stories or narratives, (L, Ḳ,) and who relates them well: (L:) orرَجُلٌ حَدُثٌ↓ andحَدِثٌ↓ signify a man who relates stories, or narratives, well: andرَجُلٌ حِدِّيثٌ↓ signifies a man of many stories or narratives; (Ṣ, A, El-Wáʼee;) but is used by the vulgar to signify a man who relates stories, or narratives, well. (El-Wáʼee, TA.) And you say رَجُلٌ حِدْثُ مُلُوكٍ A man who is a companion of kings in talk (Ṣ, A, Ḳ) and in their nocturnal conversations: (Ṣ:) and حِدْثُ نِسَآءٍ one who talks to women; (Ṣ, A;) or who talks with women. (Az, TA in art. تبع.) Andهُوَ حِدِّيثُهُ↓ [He is his story-teller]. (A.)

حَدَثٌ A novelty, or new thing; an innovation; a thing not known before: and particularly relating to El-Islám [i. e. to matters of religious doctrine or practice or the like]: (Mgh:) [and soأَمْرٌ مُحْدَثٌ↓; for] مُحْدَثَاتُ الأُمُورِ (pl. of مُحْدَثٌ, TA) signifies innovations of people of erroneous opinions, (Mṣb, TA,) inconsistent with the doctrines, or practices, of the just of preceding times: or what is not known in revealed scripture, nor in the Sunneh, nor in the general conventional tenets of the doctors of the law: and حَدَثٌ, [in like manner,] an innovation that is disapproved, not agreeable with custom, or usage, and not known in the Sunneh. (TA.) آوَى مُحْدَثًا↓, occurring in a trad., means He entertained an innovation; [i. e. he embraced, or held, it;] or he was content, or pleased, with it; or he bore it patiently: or, as some say, it is آوَى مُحْدِثًا↓, meaning he entertained, or harboured in his dwelling, a criminal, or an offender, and protected him from retaliation. (TA.)

Also i. q.حَادِثَةٌ↓ andحَدَثَانٌ↓ [in some copies of the Ṣ حِدْثَان↓] andحُدْثَى↓ [signifying An accident, an event, a hap, or a casualty: and generally an evil accident or event, a mishap, a misfortune, a disaster, a calamity, or an affliction]: (Ṣ:) [the most common of these words is حَادِثَةٌ↓; and its pl., حَوَادِثُ, is more common than the sing.:] the pl. of حَدَثٌ is أَحْدَاثٌ. (TA.) أَحْدَاثُ الدَّهْرِ andحَوَادِثُهُ↓ (A, Ḳ) andحِدْثَانُهُ↓, (Ḳ,) or, as is said by Fr and others, this last is حَدَثَانُهُ↓, (TA,) signify The accidents, or casualties, of time or fortune; or the evil accidents, or calamities, of time or fortune. (A, Ḳ.) حَوَادِثُ↓ occurs used as a sing., said to be put by poetic license forحَدَثَانٌ↓: and this latter is also used [as a pl.] for حَوَادِثُ: so say Az and AAF: and it is said to be a noun in the sense of حَوَادِثُ الدَّهْرِ and نَوَائِبُ الدَّهْرِ: accord. to Fr, the Arabs say, [using it as a pl.,] أَهْلَكَتْنَا الحَدَثَانُ [The accidents, or evil accidents, of time, or fortune, destroyed us]: some say الحَدَثَانِ, making it dual of حَدَثٌ, and meaning thereby the night and day; like as they say [in the same sense] الجَدِيدَانِ and المَلَوَانِ, &c. (TA.)

[Hence] حَدَثٌ is a term applied by Sb to The مَصْدَر [or infinitive noun]; because all مصادِر are [significant of] accidents [considered as subsisting in, or proceding from, agents]: and the pl. which he assigns to it in this sense is أَحْدَاثٌ. (TA.)

† The voiding of ordure; or the breaking of wind; syn. إِبْدَآءٌ: (Ḳ:) or legal impurity that forbids, or prevents, one's performing prayer, &c.: (KT:) or a state annulling legal purity: pl. أَحْدَاثٌ. (Mṣb.) [See 4.]

I. q. وَلِىٌّ † [The rain following that called the وَسْمِىّ]: (L:) or الأَحْدَاثُ [pl. of الحَدَثُ] signifies the rains of the commencement, or first part, of the year. (Ḳ.)

Young, applied to a man, (A,* L, Mṣb,*) and to a horse or an ass or the like, and a camel, and, accord. to IAạr, to a mountain-goat: (L:) pl. أَحْدَاثٌ (A, L, Mṣb,) and حُدْثَانٌ. (L.) You say رَجُلٌ حَدَثٌ, (Th, Ṣ, L, &c.,) andحَدِيثُ↓ السِّنِّ, (Th, Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) and حَدَثُ السِّنّ, (IDrd, Ḳ, [but this is by some disallowed, as will be seen below,]) A young man: (Ṣ, L, Mṣb, Ḳ:) and in the pl. sense you say غِلْمَانٌ أَحْدَاثٌ and حُدْثَانٌ [pls. of حَدَثٌ], (Ṣ,) and رِجَالٌ أَحْدَاثُ السِّنِّ and حُدْثَانُ السِّنِّ, [or these, as is implied above, are not allowable,] and حُدَثَآءُ السِّنِّ [pl. of حَدِيثٌ↓]. (ISd, TA.) J says, [in the Ṣ,] if you mention the سِنّ, you sayحَدِيثُ↓ السِّنِّ [lit. Young of tooth]: and IDrst says, the vulgar say, هُوَ حَدَثُ السِّنِّ, like as you say حديث السِّنِّ; but it is a mistake; for حَدَثٌ is an epithet applied to the man himself, and is originally an inf. n.; one should not apply it as an epithet to the سِنّ nor to the ضِرْس nor to the ناب; butحَدِيثٌ↓ is an epithet applied to anything recent. (TA.)

حِدْثَانٌ The first, or beginning, or commencement, of a state, or a case, or an affair; (Ṣ, A, Mgh, Ḳ;) as alsoحَدَاثَةٌ↓: (Ṣ, Mgh, Ḳ:) and its freshness; which is also a signification of both these words. (Ṣ, Mgh.) So in the saying, اِفْعَلْ ذٰلِكَ الأَمْرَ بِحِدْثَانِهِ andبِحَدَاثَتِهِ↓ [Do thou that thing while it is in its first and fresh state]. (Ṣ, Mgh.*) One says also, أَتَيْتُهُ فِى حِدْثَانِ شَبَابِهِ andحِدْثَى↓ شبابه andحَدِيثِ↓ شبابه † I came to him in the beginning, or first period, of his youth. (Aboo-ʼAmr Esh-Sheybánee, TA.) And it is said in a trad., addressed to ʼÁïsheh, لَوْلَا حِدْثَانُ قَوْمِكِ بِالكُفْرِ لَهَدَمْتُ الكَعْبَةَ وَبَنَيْتُهَا, (Mgh,* TA,) or, as some relate it,حَدَاثَةُ↓ قومك, which means the same, (Mgh,) i. e. Were it not for the shortness of the period that has elapsed since thy people were in the state of infidelity, I would pull down the Kaabeh, and build it [anew]. (TA.)

See also حَدَثٌ, in two places.

حَدَثَانٌ, used as a sing. and as a pl.: see حدثٌ, in three places.

حَدِيثٌ New, recent; (Ḳ;) contr. of قَدِيمٌ: (Ṣ:) having, or having had, a beginning; existing newly, for the first time, not having been before; as alsoحَادِثٌ↓: (Mṣb:) brought into existence, caused to be, made, produced, or done, newly, for the first time, not having been before; begun, or originated; invented; innovated; as alsoمُحْدَثٌ↓. (TA.)

See حَدَثٌ, last two sentences, in four places. And see حِدْثَانٌ. You say also, هُوَ حَدِيثُ عَهْدٍ بِالإِسْلَامِ He is, or was, recently become a Muslim. (Mṣb.) And حَدِيثُو عَهْدٍ بِكُفْرِهِمْ, (TA,) or بِالجَاهِلِيَّةِ, or حَدِيثٌ عَهْدُهُمْ, (Mgh,) Men lately in their state of infidelity [or in the state of paganism or ignorance]; who have but recently ceased to be in their state of infidelity [&c.]. (TA.)

Also i. q. خَبَرٌ [Information; a piece of information; intelligence; an announcement; news, or tidings; a piece of news; an account; a narration, or narrative; a story;, &c.]; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) employed to signify little and much; (Ṣ;) andحِدِّيثَى↓ signifies the same: (Ḳ:) or a thing, or matter, that is talked of, told, or narrated, and transmitted: (Mṣb:) [and talk, or discourse:] and [in like manner] أُحْدُوثَةٌ↓ signifies a thing that is talked of, told, or narrated: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) or this last signifies a wonderful thing: (IB, TA:) it has been asserted, says MF, that there is no difference between احدوثة and حديث in usage, and in denoting what is good and what is evil; in contradiction to such as say that the former peculiarly signifies that [kind of story] in which there is no profit nor any truth; such as amatory stories, and the like fictions of the Arabs: Fr asserts it to signify peculiarly a laughable and an absurd story; differing from حديث: and Ibn-Hishám El-Lakhmee, in his Expos of the Fṣ, says that it is only used to denote what is bad, or evil: but Lb replies against him, in his Expos., that it is sometimes used to denote what is good; as in a saying mentioned by Yaạḳoob, which see below: (TA:) the pl. of حَدِيثٌ is أَحَادِيثُ, contr. to analogy, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) said by Fr to be pl. ofأُحْدُوثَةٌ↓, and then used as pl. of حديث, (Ṣ,) but IB says that this is not the case; (TA;) and حِدْثَانٌ and حُدْثَانٌ are also pls. of حديث, (Ḳ, TA,) sometimes occurring; the latter, rare. (TA.) You say, سَمِعْتُ حَدِيثًا حَسَنًا (TA) andحِدِّيثَى↓ حَسَنَةً (Ṣ, A,* TA) [I heard a good story or narrative, &c.]; both meaning the same. (TA.) Andاِنْتَشَرَ لَهُ فِى النَّاسِ أُحْدُوثَةٌ↓ حَسَنَةٌ [A good story of him became spread abroad among the people]: a saying mentioned by Yaạḳoob in his “Isláh.” (TA.) Andأثحْدُوثَةٌ↓ مَلِيحَةٌ [A pretty story], and أَحَادِيثُ مِلَاحٌ [pretty stories]. (A.) Andقَدْ صَارَ فُلَانٌ أَحْدُوثَةً↓ [‡ Such a one has become the subject of a story, or of a wonderful story: and in like manner, as is said in the A, صَارُوا أَحَادِيثَ: there said to be tropical]. (IB, TA.)

Hence the حَدِيث of the Apostle of God: (Mṣb:) [i. e.] حَدِيثٌ also signifies A narration of a مُحَدِّث: (L:) [meaning حَدِيثٌ نَبَوِىٌّ, i. e. a tradition, or narration, relating, or describing, a saying or an action, &c. of Moḥammad:] this word and خَبَرٌ both signify a tradition that is traced up to Moḥammad, or to a Sahábee, or to a Tábi'ee: (TA in art. رقأ:) or حديث is applied to what comes from the Prophet: خَبَرٌ, to what comes from another than the Prophet; or from him or another: and أَثَرٌ to what comes from a Companion of the Prophet; but it may also be applied to a saying of the Prophet: (Kull p. 152:) the word in this sense, i. e. the حديث of the Prophet, has for its pl. only أَحَادِيثُ; and therefore Sb mentions it in the category of those words which have pls. anomalously formed; such as عَرُوضٌ, pl. أَعَارِيضُ; and بَاطِلٌ, pl. أَبَاطِيلُ. (TA.) [الحَدِيثَ written at the end of a quotation of a part of a trad. is for اِقْرَأِ الحَدِيثَ Read the tradition.]

حَدِيثٌ قُدْسِىٌّ [A holy tradition or narration] means what God has told to his prophet by inspiration, or by a dream, or in sleep, and the prophet has told in his own phraseology: the Ḳur-án is esteemed above this, because [it is held that] its words also were revealed: (KT:) that of which the words are from the apostle, but the meaning is from God, by inspiration, or by a dream, or in sleep. (Kull p. 288.)

حَدَاثَةٌ: see حِدْثَانٌ, in three places. [Hence,] حَدَاثَةُ السِّنِّ ‡ Youth; the first period of life. (TA.)

أَحْدَثُ More, and most, new, or recent: fem. حُدْثَى; as in the phrase اِمْرَأَتِى الحُدْثَى, occurring in a trad., My wife who was more, or most, recently married. (TA.)

مُحْدَثٌ: see حَدِيثٌ:

and see also حَدَثٌ, in two places.

Also, applied to a poet, i. q. مُوَلَّدٌ [A post-classical author: itself a post-classical term]. (Mz 49th نوع.) [And المُحْدَثُونَ The moderns; or people of later times; opposed to القُدَمَآءُ.]

مُحَدَّثٌ A true, or veracious, man: (Ḳ:) a man of true opinion: (Ṣ:) of true conjecture: (A, TA:) inspired; into whose mind a thing is put, and who tells it conjecturally and with sagacity; as though he were told a thing, and said it: occurring in a trad.: (TA:) such was ʼOmar. (A, TA.)

مُحَدِّثٌ A teller, or relater, of stories, narratives, or traditions: [and particularly a relater of, or one skilled in, the traditions of Moḥammad:] حُدَّاثٌ↓ in the sense of مُحَدِّثُونَ, signifying a company of men telling, or relating, stories, &c., is an anomalous pl., formed by assigning it to the same predicament as words of similar meaning, of which سُمَّارٌ, pl. of سَامِرٌ, is an ex. (L.) See also حِدْثٌ.

أَرْضٌ مَحْدُوثَةٌ † Land upon which the rain called حَدَث has fallen. (L.)