Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

حَرَبَهُ, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) aor. ـُ {يَحْرُبُ}, inf. n. حَرَبٌ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) He despoiled him of his wealth, or property; or plundered him; (Ṣ, A, Ḳ;) leaving him without anything. (Ṣ.)

[Hence,] حُرِبَ, (A, Mgh, Mṣb,) or حُرِبَ مَالَهُ, (Ṣ,) He was, or became, despoiled, or plundered, (Ṣ, A, Mgh, Mṣb,) of his wealth, or property, (Ṣ,) or of all his wealth, or property; as also حَرِبَ, (Mgh, Mṣb,) aor. ـَ {يَحْرَبُ}, (Mṣb,) inf. n. حَرَبٌ. (Mgh, Mṣb.) You say, مَا لَهُ جَرِبَ وحَرِبَ: see art. جرب. (TA.) And حُرِبَ دِينَهُ † He was despoiled of his religion; was rendered, or became, an unbeliever. (TA.)

[And hence,] حَرِبَ, aor. ـَ {يَحْرَبُ}, inf. n. حَرَبٌ, He said وَا حَرَبَا, or وَا حَرَبَاهْ: [see حَرَبٌ, below.] (TA.)

And حَرِبَ, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) aor. ـَ {يَحْرَبُ}, (Ḳ,) inf. n. حَرَبٌ, (A, TA,) ‡ He (a man, Ṣ, A) was, or became, angry, (A,) or violently angry. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) And i. q. كَلِبَ [meaning † He was, or became, affected with canine madness: see حَرِبٌ]. (Ḳ.) And † He (an enemy) was, or became, like a lion; as alsoاستحرب↓. (TA.)

حرّب, inf. n. تَحْرِيبٌ, He sharpened a spearhead. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

‡ He angered: (Ṣ, A:) or angered violently: (Ḳ:) and he provoked, or exasperated. (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA.) And it is said to signify † He acquainted a person with a thing that angered him: but where it is said to have this meaning, it is accord. to one reading with ج and hemzeh [in the places of ح and ب]. (TA.)

حاربهُ, (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. مُحَارَبَةٌ (Mṣb, Ḳ) and حِرَابٌ, (Ḳ,) He waged, or contended in, war with him; warred, or battled, with him. (Ṣ,* A, Mṣb, Ḳ.) See also 6.

He was, or became, hostile, or an enemy, to him. (Ṣ,* TA.)

He disobeyed Him; namely, God. (TA.)

احرب الحَرْبَ He excited, provoked, or stirred up, war. (Ḳ.)

احربهُ He guided him to spoil, or plunder; guided him, or showed him the way, to obtain spoil, or plunder, of an enemy; (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA;) acting as a spy. (TA.)

He found him to be despoiled, or plundered, of his wealth, or property, or of all his wealth, or property. (TA.)

تحاربوا andاحتربوا↓ (Ṣ, A, Ḳ) andحاربوا↓ (Ṣ) They waged, or contended in, war, one with another; warred, or battled, one with another. (Ṣ, A, Ḳ.)

see 6.

اُحْتُرِبَ It was all plundered, taken, or carried off. (Ḥar p. 313.)

حَرْبٌ War, battle, fight, or conflict; (Mṣb, TA;) contr. of سِلْمٌ; (TA;) consisting, first, in shooting arrows, one at another; then, in thrusting, one at another, with spears; then, in combating one another with swords; and then, in grappling and struggling together: (Suh, TA:) it is [generally] fem.; (Ṣ, L Mṣb;) but its dim. is حُرَيْبٌ↓, without ة, (Kh, Ṣ, L, Mṣb,) contr. to rule, (L, Mṣb,) like ذُرَيْعٌ, and قُوَيْسٌ, and فُرَيْسٌ in a fem. sense, (L,) because originally an inf. n. [of which the verb (حَرَبَ) seems not to have been used as meaning “he waged, or contended in, war”], (El-Mázinee, Ṣ,) or in order that it may not be confounded with the dim. of حَرْبَةٌ: (Mṣb:) Seer makes its origin to be the epithet حَرْبٌ, which, however, is originally an inf. n.: (L:) sometimes it is masc.; (IAạr, Mbr, Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ;) but this is extr.: (L:) the pl. is حُرُوبٌ. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) You say, وَقَعَتْ بَيْنَهُمْ حَرْبٌ [War happened between them]. (Ṣ.) And قَامَتِ الحَرْبُ عَلَى سَاقٍ The war, or battle, became vehement, so that safety from destruction was difficult of attainment. (Mṣb.) And making it masc., as meaning قِتَالٌ, you say حَرْبٌ شَدِيدٌ A vehement fight or battle. (Mṣb.) [Hence,] اِبْنُ حَرْبٍ A warrior: (Er-Rághib, TA in art. بنى:) and اِبْنُ الحَرْبِ [the warrior; or] he who suffices for war, and who defends. (Mṣb in that art.) And دَارُ الحَرْبِ The country, or countries, of the unbelievers, (Mṣb,) or of [those called by the Muslims] the polytheists, (Ḳ,) between whom and the Muslims there is not peace. (Mṣb, Ḳ.) In the saying of Aboo-Ḥaneefeh, كَانَتْ مَكَّةُ إِذْ ذٰاكَ حَرْبًا, the meaning is دَارَ حَرْبٍ [Mekkeh was at that time a place of which the people were at war with the Muslims]. (Mgh.)

It is also an epithet; originally an inf. n. (L.) You say رَجُلٌ حَرْبٌ, (Ḳ, TA,) [in the CK حَرِبٌ, but it is] like عَدْلٌ, (TA,) A man vehement in war, and courageous; as alsoمِحْرَبٌ↓ andمِحْرَابٌ↓: (Ḳ:) orمِحْرَبٌ↓ signifies a man of wars; (Ṣ;) or a man of war, as alsoمِحْرَابٌ↓; and a known, experienced warrior. (TA.) [Being originally an inf. n.,] حَرْبٌ as an epithet is used in the same form as masc. and fem. and sing. and pl.: (Ḳ:) so that one says اِمْرَأَةٌ حَرْبٌ and قَوْمٌ حَرْبٌ, (TA,) as alsoقَوْمٌ مِحْرَبَةٌ↓. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

Also An enemy, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) whether, or not, actually at war. (Ḳ.) So in the saying, أَنَا حَرْبٌ لِمَنْ حَارَبَنَىِ [I am an enemy to him who wars with me, or who is an enemy to me]. (Ṣ.) And فُلَانٌ حَرْبُ فُلَانٍ Such a one is the enemy of such a one. (TA.) Some hold that حَرْبٌ is a pl. [or rather a quasi-pl. n.] of حَارِبٌ or مُحَارِبٌ. (TA.)

حَرَبٌ inf. n. of حَرِبَ. (A, Mgh, Mṣb.) وَاحَرَبَا is an ejaculation expressive of grief, lamentation, or regret, [meaning Alas, my spoliation! or my loss! or my grief!] (ISd, Mgh, TA,) used in an absolute manner, like وَا أَسَفَا, (ISd, TA,) or يَا أَسَفَا, (Mgh,) from حَرَبَهُ “he despoiled him of his wealth, or property:” (Ḳ:) [or from حَرِبَ, q. v.:] or it originated from the fact that Harb the son of Umeiyeh, when any one died, used to ask his family what they required to expend on the occasion, and used to supply them therewith; (TA;) and when he himself died, the people of Mekkeh and its neighbourhood bewailed him, saying, وَا حَرْبَا, (Th, Ḳ,* TA,) or وَا حَرْبَاهْ, (TA,) [Alas for Harb!] and then they changed the expression to وَا حَرَبَا, (Th, Ḳ,) or وَاحَرَبَاهْ, and it became used in the case of bewailing any person who was dear, and in the cases of other calamities: but this account of the origin did not please ISd. (TA.)

Also Perdition. destruction, or death. (Ḥar p. 158.)

حَرِبٌ: see حَرِيبٌ.

Also ‡ Angry: (A:) or violently angry: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) applied to a man and to a lion. (Ṣ, A.) And i. q. كَلِبٌ [meaning Affected with canine madness]: pl. حَرْبَى, (Ḳ,) syn. with كَلْبَى, but unknown to Az in this sense except in one instance. (TA.)

حَرْبَةٌ [A dart, or javelin;] a certain weapon (Ḳ) resembling a spear, (Mṣb,) but smaller, (TA,) having a wide head; (Aṣ, TA;) not reckoned among رِمَاح: (IAạr, TA:) dim. حُرَيْبَةٌ↓: (Mṣb:) pl. حِرَابٌ. (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ.) You say, أَخَذُوا الحِرَابَ لِلْحِرَابِ [They took the darts, or javelins, for contending in war, or battle]. (A.)

A thrust, stick, or stab. (Ḳ.)

Spoliation. (Ḳ.)

Corruptness of religion. (Ḳ.)

حَرْبَةُ a name of Friday; (Ḳ, TA;) accord. to the Námoos, because it is a time for warring with oneself: (TA:) pl. حَرَبَاتٌ and حَرْبَاتٌ. (Ḳ.)

حِرْبَةٌ A mode, or manner, of war, battle, fight, or conflict. (Ḳ.)

حِرْبَاءٌ [The male chameleon;] the male of what is called أُمُّ حُبَيْنٍ; (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ; [but see the latter appellation in art. حبن;]) a well-known animal: (TA:) or a certain reptile, like the عَظَآءَة, (Ḳ,) said to be larger than this latter, (Mṣb,) somewhat larger, (Ṣ,) that turns itself, (Ṣ, Mṣb,) or its head, (Ḳ,) towards the sun, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) turning with the sun as the sun turns, and assuming various colours (Ṣ, Mṣb) by reason of the heat of the sun: (Ṣ:) Az describes it as a reptile resembling in form what is called سَامُّ أَبْرَصَ, with four legs, slender head, [which is not correct as applied to the chameleon,] and striped back; that all the day looks towards the sun; and he adds that its flesh is impure, and the Arabs never eat it: (TA:) [accord. to Freytag, the word, thus applied, is said (but I know not on what authority) to be from خُرْبَا, meaning حافظ الشمس (guardian of the sun):] the fem. is with ة {حِرْبَاءَةٌ}: (Ṣ:) and the pl. حَرَابِىُّ. (Ṣ, Mṣb.) [The word حرباء is used in passages cited in the TA as masc. and fem.; whence it seems that it may be written حِرْبَآءُ as well as حِرْبَآءٌ.] The Arabs used the expression حِرْبَآءُ تَنْضُبٍ or تَنْضُبَ, like ذئْبُ غَضًا: (Ṣ:) [the latter word in each of these cases being the name of a tree:] the former is proverbially applied to a prudent man; because the حرباء does not quit the first branch but to leap upon the second. (TA.) The phrase اِنْتَصَبَ العُودُ فِى الحِرْبَآءِ is used, by inversion, for انتصب الحرباءُ فى العودِ [The male chameleon stood erect upon the branch]: for it stands erect upon stones, and upon the roots or trunks of trees, looking towards the sun, and declines as the sun declines. (TA.)

Also ‡ The back: or its flesh: (Ḳ:) or حِرْبَآءُ المَتْنِ means the flesh along either side of the backbone: (TA:) or this, (TA,) or الحرباءُ, (Ḳ,) the ridge of the backbone: (Ḳ, TA:) or حَرَابِىُّ المَتْنِ (Ṣ, L, TA) signifies the portions of flesh, (Ṣ,) or the flesh, (L, TA,) along either side of the backbone: (Ṣ, L, TA:) the sing. is حِرْبَآءٌ; likened to the حرباء [or male chameleon] of the desert, and therefore tropical: Kr says that the sing. of حَرَابِىُّ الظُّهُورِ is حِرْبَآءٌ accord. to rule; showing that it has no known sing. on the authority of hearsay. (L, TA.)

The nails, (Ṣ,) or a nail, (Ḳ,) of a coat of mail: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) or the head of a nail in a ring of a coat of mail: (Ḳ:) pl. as above. (TA.)

And Rugged ground: (Ḳ:) or rugged and hard ground; accord. to Th; but the word commonly known is حِزْبَآءٌ, with záy. (TA.) [This meaning has been supposed to be assigned in the Ḳ to مُحْرَبِئَةٌ; but the TA shows that such is not the case.]

حَرِيبٌ andمَحْرُوبٌ↓ (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ) andحَرِبٌ↓ (MF) Despoiled of his wealth, or property; plundered; (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ, MF;) and left without anything: (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb:) pl. (of the first, TA) حَرْبَى and حُرَبَآءُ. (Ḳ.) And حَرِيبَةٌ andمَحْرُوبَةٌ↓ A woman deprived of her child, or children. (TA.) Andمحروب↓ † Despoiled of his religion; rendered, or become, an unbeliever. (TA.)

حَرِيبَةٌ (Ṣ, A, Ḳ) andحَرَابَةٌ↓ (A) Wealth, or property, of which one is despoiled, or plundered: (A, Ḳ:) a man's property is not so called until he has been despoiled of it: (TA:) or (Ḳ, but in the A “and”) wealth, or property, by means of which one lives, or subsists: (Ṣ, A, Ḳ:) pl. of the former [and of the latter also accord. to analogy] حَرَائِبُ. (TA.)

حَرَّابَةٌ A troop of plunderers. (TA.)

حَارِبٌ [act. part. n. of حَرَبَ].

It occurs in a trad. as signifying One who strips people forcibly of their clothes. (TA.)

مِحْرَبٌ and مِحْرَبَةٌ: see حَرْبٌ, in three places.

أَرْضٌ مُحَرْبِئَةٌ (Ṣ, Ḳ, in the CK مُحَرْبِيَةٌ) A land containing, (Ṣ,) or abounding with, (Ḳ,) animals of the kind called حِرْبَآء [i. e. male chameleons]. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

المُحَرَّبُ andالمُتَحَرِّبُ↓ The lion. (Ḳ, TA.)

مِحْرَابٌ: see حَرْبٌ, in two places.

Also The upper end of a sitting-room, (Mṣb, and so accord. to an explanation of the pl. مَحَارِيبُ, in the Ṣ, on the authority of Fr,) or of a house, or tent, or chamber; (Ḳ;) the chief, or most honourable, sitting-place; (AO, L, Mṣb, Ḳ;*) whence, in a trad., كَانَ يَكْرَهُ المَحَارِيبَ [he used to dislike the uppermost, or chief, sitting-places in rooms]: (L:) the place where kings and chiefs and great men sit: (Mṣb:) a high place: (Aṣ, Hr, TA:) a [chamber of the kind called] غُرْفَة: (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ:) the highest chamber in a house: a chamber to which one ascends by stairs: (Zj, TA:) a king's closet, or private chamber, into which he retires alone, out of the way of the people: (Ḳ:) a [pavilion, or building of the kind called] قَصْر: (Aṣ, TA:) the station of the Imám in a mosque: (Ḳ:) the مِحْرَاب [or niche which shows the direction of the kibleh] of a mosque; from the same word as signifying the “upper end of a sittingroom;” (Fr, Ṣ, Mṣb;) or, as some say, because the person praying wars with the devil and with himself by causing the attention of his heart: (Mṣb:) the highest place in a mosque: (Zj, TA:) the kibleh: (L, TA:) a mosque, or place of worship; so in the Ḳur xix. 12: (Ṣ, L:) a place of assembly. (Aṣ, TA.) مَحَارِيبُ بَنِى إِسْرَائِيلَ means The places of worship of the Children of Israel, (T, Ḳ,) in which they used to assemble for prayer, (T, TA,) or in which they used to sit; (Ḳ;) as though they sat therein to consult respecting war. (TA.) [See also مَذْبَحٌ.]

I. q. أَجَمَةٌ, (Ḳ,) meaning The haunt of a lion. (TA.)

The neck of a beast. (Lth, Ḳ, TA.)

المُتَحَرِّبُ: see المُحَرَّبُ.