Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

خَسِرَ, (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ, &c.,) aor. ـَ {يَخْسَرُ}; (Ḳ;) and خَسَرَ, aor. ـِ {يَخْسِرُ}; (Ḳ;) but the latter is an unusual form [except in the sense of أَخْسَرَ]; (B, TA;) inf. n. خُسْرَانٌ (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ) and خُسْرٌ (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ) and خَسَارَةٌ (Mṣb, Ḳ) [which are the only forms assigned in the TA to the verb when used with reference to traffic] and خُسُرٌ and خَسْرٌ and خَسَرٌ and خَسَارٌ; (Ḳ;) He lost, or suffered loss or diminution: or he was deceived, cheated, beguiled, or circumvented: (Ḳ:) فِى البَيْعِ in selling; (Ṣ;) or فِى بَيَعِهِ in his selling; (A;) or فِى تِجَارَتِهِ in his traffic: (Mṣb, Ḳ: [see also 4:]) the former is the original signification: (TA:) he suffered diminution of his capital; he lost part thereof: (B, TA:) and he lost his capital altogether. (Bḍ in iv. 118;, &c.) خُسْرَانٌ is also attributed to an action, as well as to a man: (B, TA:) you say, (but in this case the verb is used tropically, A,) خَسِرَتْ تِجَارَتُهُ ‡ [His traffic was losing; or an occasion of loss]; (A, B;) opposed to رَبِحَتْ. (A.) It is also used in relation to personal acquisitions; such as health, and safety, and intellect, and faith, and the recompense or reward of obedience [to God], which God has declared [Ḳur xxii. 11 and xxxix. 17] to be manifest خُسْرَان, (B,) since there is none like it. (Bḍ.) For instance, you say, خَسِرَ عَقْلَهُ, and مَالَهُ, He lost his intellect, and his property. (IAạr.) [In a phrase of this kind, the noun which immediately follows the verb may be considered as put in the accus. case on account of the rejection of a prep., namely فِى: for] it is said that خَسِرَ is never used otherwise than intransitively: though this has been contradicted, on the ground of the following phrase in the Ḳur [xxii. 11], خَسِرَ ٱلدُّنْيَا وَٱلْآخِرَةَ [He hath lost, or he loseth, the things of the present life and of the latter life]; and the like; as ٱلَّذِينَ خَسِرُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ وَأَهْلِيهِمْ [Who shall have lost themselves, or their own souls, and their families, or their wives; Ḳur xxxix. 17 and xlii. 44]; (MF, TA;) i. e., themselves, or their own souls, by their having erred, and their families by their having caused them to err, or by being separated from them for ever; (Bḍ;) or by being themselves made to remain for ever in Hell, and by their not gaining access to the حُور prepared in Paradise [as wives] for the believers: (Jel:) or the meaning is, accord. to Fr, who shall be deceived of their own souls, &c.: or, accord. to others, who shall have destroyed their own souls, &c. (TA.)

Also [He experienced, or saw, that he was loser; or] his having lost became manifest to him: so in the Ḳur xl. [78 and] last verse. (TA.)

Also (with all the forms of the inf. n. above mentioned, Ḳ,) He erred; went astray; deviated from, or lost, or missed, the right way: or he became lost; he perished; or he died: syn. ضَلَّ, (Ḳ,) and هَلَكَ. (Mṣb.)

خَسَرَهُ, (AʼObeyd, IAạr, Zj, Ṣ, A, &c.,) aor. ـِ {يَخْسِرُ} (Zj, Mṣb) and ـُ {يَخْسُرُ}, (Bḍ in lv. 8,) inf. n. خَسْرٌ (Mṣb, Ḳ) and خُسْرَانٌ; (Ḳ;) andاخسرهُ↓, (AʼObeyd, Zj, Ṣ, A, Mṣb,) inf. n. إِخْسَارٌ; (Mṣb, Ḳ;) andخسّرهُ↓; (A;) He made it defective, or deficient; (AʼObeyd, IAạr, Zj, Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ;) namely, the weight, and the measure; (Zj, TA;) and the thing weighed; (TA;) and the balance, (AʼObeyd, IAạr, Zj, A, Mṣb,) by diminishing the weight. (Mṣb.)↓ The second of these forms is more common, in this sense, than the first (Zj, TA) [and than the third]. Forوَلَا تُخْسِرُوا↓ ٱلْمِيزَانَ, in the Ḳur lv. 8, there are three other readings; namely تَخْسُرُوا and تَخْسُروا and تَخْسَرُوا; in the last of which, the prep. فِى is omitted after the verb. (Bḍ.)

[And He, or it, made him to lose, or suffer loss; to err, or go astray; to become lost, or to perish.]

خسّرهُ, (A, Ḳ,) inf. n. تَخْسِيرٌ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) i. q. خَسَرَهُ, q. v.: (A:) [and particularly] He, or it, destroyed him; caused him to perish. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) You say, خسّرهُ سُوْءُ عَمَلِهِ ‡ The evilness of his conduct caused him to perish. (A.)

He put him away, or far away; removed, alienated, or estranged, him; (IAạr, Mṣb;) from good, or prosperity. (IAạr.)

He attributed, or imputed, to him خُسْرَان [i. e. loss; or error, or deviation from the right way]: like كَذَّبَهُ meaning “he attributed, or imputed, to him lying,”, &c. (Mṣb.)

اخسرهُ i. q. خَسَرَهُ, which see in three places: (AʼObeyd, Zj, Ṣ, A, Mṣb:) [and particularly] He made him to lose, or suffer loss, in his traffic; contr. of أَرْبَحَهُ. (A.)

And اخسر He fell into loss; (A;) he met with loss in his traffic. (TA. [See also 1.])

خُسْرٌ an inf. n. of خَسِرَ. (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ.) In the Ḳur ciii. 2, accord. to some, it means Punishment for sin. (TA.)

خُسْرَانٌ an inf. n. of خَسِرَ. (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ.) [For particular usages thereof, see 1. As a simple subst., it generally signifies Loss, or the state of suffering loss or diminution: the state of being deceived or cheated: error, or deviation from the right way: (see also خَسَارٌ:) or the state of becoming lost, of perishing, or of dying.]

It is also an inf. n. of خَسَرَهُ. (Ḳ.)

خُسْرَوَانِىٌّ, (A, Ḳ,) or خُسْرُوَانِىٌّ, (TA, [but the former is the better known,]) A certain kind of garment or cloth; (A, Ḳ;) so called in relation to Khusrow Sháh, one of the [kings of Persia called] أَكَاسِرَة [pl. of كِسْرَى or كَسْرَى]; as alsoخُسْرَوِىٌّ↓. (A, TA.)

And A certain wine or beverage. (Ḳ.)

خَسَارٌ andخَسَارَةٌ↓, [both inf. ns. of خَسِرَ, q. v.,] (Ṣ,) andخَيْسَرَى↓, (Ṣ, M, Ḳ, in some copies of the Ḳ written خَنْسَرَى, with ن, TA,) Error; or deviation from the right way: [like خُسْرَانٌ:] (Ṣ:) and perdition; or death; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) as alsoخَنَاسِيرُ↓, (Ṣ, and Ḳ in art. خنسر,) which last [is of a pl. form, but] has no sing. (Ṣ.)

And all the foregoing words, including خناسير↓, Baseness, ignobleness, ungenerousness, or meanness; (Ḳ;) the last, in poetry, shortened to خَنَاسِرُ↓: (TA:) andخَيْسَرَى↓, (Ḳ,) and, as some say, خَنَاسِيرُ↓, (TA,) perfidy, unfaithfulness, or treachery. (Ḳ, TA.)

خَاسِرٌ Losing, or suffering loss, in his traffic. (Lth.) And [hence,] تِجَارَةٌ خَاسِرَةٌ ‡ [Losing traffic; traffic which is an occasion of loss]; opposed to رَابِحَةٌ. (A.) And صَفْقَةٌ خَاسِرَةٌ † A bargain that does not bring gain [but on the contrary occasions loss]. (TA.) And كَرَّةٌ خَاسِرَةٌ † An unprofitable charge or assault. (Ḳ.)

One who has lost his property, and his intellect. (IAạr.)

Erring; going astray; deviating from, or losing, or missing, the right way: or becoming lost; perishing; or dying: syn. ضَالٌّ: (Ḳ:) and soخَسِرٌ↓ (TA) andخَسِيرٌ↓ andخَيْسَرَى↓, (Ḳ, TA, but the last written in the CK خَيْسَرِىٌّ,) orخَيْسَرٌ↓, for it is said to occur [as an epithet] only in the following saying, in which خَيْسَرَى is said to be put for خَيْسَرٌ to assimilate it to preceding words: بِفِيهِ البَرَى وَحُمَّى خَيْبَرَى وَشَرٌّ مَا يَرَى فَإِنَّهُ خَيْسَرَى [In his mouth be dust, and may the fever of Kheyber befall him, and evil be that which he shall see, for he is one who goeth astray: but in the TA, in art. ورى, is another reading; for بفيه البرى, substituting بِهِ الوَرَى, meaning a certain disease]. (TA.) [Hence,] أَحْمَقُ خَاسِرٌ دَابِرٌ دَامِرٌ [Foolish, or stupid, erring, and utterly perishing]. (T in art. بت. [See بَاتٌّ: and see also دَامِرٌ.])

Also One who makes the measure, and the balance, defective, or deficient, when he gives, and demands excess when he receives. (AA.)

خَنْسَرٌ andخَنْسَرِىٌّ↓ A man in a place [or condition] of خُسْرَان [or loss,, &c.]: (Ḳ in the present art. and in art. خنسر:) pl. خَنَاسِرَةٌ. (Ḳ in art. خنسر.)

And [the pl.] الخَنَاسِرَةُ, in several copies of the Ḳ, in other copies of the Ḳ الخَاسِرَةُ↓, but correctly الخَنَاسِرُ↓, (TA,) The weak of mankind; (Ḳ, TA;) and the small, or little, of them; (TA;) as alsoالخَنَاسِيرُ↓, in the former sense, (Ḳ and TA in art. خنسر,) and in the latter sense also: (TA in that art.:) and أَهْلُ الخِيَانَةِ; (Ḳ and TA in this art.; and Ḳ in art. خنسر, accord. to several copies;) i. e. The people of perfidy, unfaithfulness, or treachery; and of baseness, ignobleness, ungenerousness, or meanness: (TA in the present art.:) or اهل الجبانة; because of their weakness; (TA in art. خنسر;) [as though meaning the people of cowardice (الجَبَانَة): or it may mean the people of the burial-ground (الجَبَّانَة)]; for, accord. to AḤát, الخناسير↓ signifies those who conduct [to the burial-ground] the corpse or the bier with the corpse; perhaps from خَنَاسِرُ meaning “small, or little, and weak men.” (TA.)

خِنْسِرٌ, (Ḳ in art. خنسر, [in the CK, erroneously, خِنْسَر,]) orخِنْسِيرٌ↓, (Ibn-ʼOsfoor, AḤei, and Ḳ in the present art.,) Base, ignoble, ungenerous, or mean: (Ḳ:) and perfidious, unfaithful, or treacherous. (TA in explanation of the latter.)

Also (the former accord. to the Ḳ in art. خنسر, and the latter likewise accord. to the TA in the present art.,) A calamity, or misfortune: (Ḳ, TA:) pl. [of the latter] in this sense خَنَاسِيرُ, like خَنَاثِيرُ. (IAạr, TA.)

خَيْسَرَى: see خَسَارٌ, in two places:

and see also خَاسِرٌ.

Also One who will not accept an invitation to partake of food, lest he should be required to make a requital: so in a trad. of ʼOmar. (TA.)

خَنَاسِيرُ a word [of a pl. form] having no sing.: (Ṣ:) see خَسَارٌ, in three places.

[Also pl. of خِنْسِيرٌ, q. v.]

See also خَنْسَرٌ, in two places.

Also The urine of the mountain-goats upon the herbage and the trees [or shrubs]: (Ḳ in this art. and in art. خنسر:) in which sense, also, it has no singular. (TA in the present art.)

أَخْسَرُ sing. of أَخْسَرُونَ, which occurs in the Ḳur [xi. 24 and] xviii. 103 [and xxi. 70 and xxvii. 5], (Akh, Ṣ,) and signifies The greatest losers; those who suffer, or shall suffer, the greatest loss. (Bḍ.)

[مَخْسَرَةٌ An occasion, or a cause, of loss; or of error, or going astray; or of being lost, of perishing, or of dying: a word of the same class as مَبْخَلَةٌ and مَجْبَنَةٌ, &c.: pl. مَخَاسِرُ. Hence the saying,] المَسَاخِرُ مَخَاسِرُ ‡ [Occasions, or causes, of mockery, or derision, or ridicule, are occasions, or causes, of loss,, &c.]. (A.)