Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

خَشُنَ, aor ـُ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. خُشُونَةٌ and خُشْنَةٌ (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ, KL) and خَشَانَةٌ (CK, TA, but omitted in some copies of the Ḳ) and خَشْنٌ and مَخْشَنَةٌ, (Ḳ,) It was, or became, rough, harsh, or coarse; (Ḳ,* KL, PṢ;) contr. of لَانَ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or of نَعُمَ; (Mṣb;) as alsoتخشّن↓. (Ḳ.)

[Hence,] هُوَ ذُو خَشْنَةٍ and خُشُونَةٍ (Ḳ) and مَخْشَنَةٍ (TA) ‡ He is difficult, refractory, or stubborn; not to be coped with. (Ḳ, TA. [See also خَشِنٌ.]) And خَشُنَ عَلَيْهِ صَدْرِهِ andاخشوشن↓ عليه صدره † He was, or became, angry with him. (Sh, TA.) See also 3.

[خشّنهُ He made it rough, harsh, or coarse.]

[Hence,] خشّن صَدْرَهُ, inf. n. تَخْشِينٌ, ‡ He exasperated him; made him to be affected with wrath, or rage. (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA.) A poet says,

* وَخَشَّنَتْ صَدْرًا جَيْبُهُ لَكَ نَاصِحُ *

[explained in art. جيب]. (Ṣ.)

خاشنهُ, (Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) inf. n. مُخَاشَنَةٌ, (TA,) † He was rough, harsh, or coarse, to him; syn.خَشُنَ↓ عَلَيْهِ; in speech, and in action; (M, TA;)[he acted towards him, or with him, roughly, harshly, or coarsely;] contr. of لَايَنَهُ. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

استخشنهُ He found it [or esteemed it] rough, harsh, or coarse. (Ḳ.)

Hence, in a trad. of ʼAlee, making mention of pious men of learning, ٱسْتَلَانُوا مَا ٱسْتَخْشَنَ المُتْرَفُونَ † [And they esteemed, or esteem, soft, or smooth, what those leading a life of ease and plenty esteemed, or esteem, rough, harsh, or coarse]. (TA.) And استخشن المَقَامَ فِى مَحَلِّ كَذَا † [He esteemed unpleasant, or uncomfortable, the remaining in such a place of abode]. (TA in art. بشع.)

اخشوشن (JK, Ṣ, Ḳ) andتخشّن↓ (Ḳ) It was, or became, very rough, harsh, or coarse: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) or (Ḳ.) he wore rough, harsh, or coarse, clothes: (JK, Ḳ:) or the former signifies also he accustomed himself to the wearing of such clothes: (Ṣ:) or each, he ate rough, harsh, or coarse, food: (TA:) or the former, (JK,) or each, (Ḳ,) † he said what was rough, harsh, or coarse: (JK, Ḳ, TA:) or † he lived a rough, or coarse, life. (Ḳ.) The former verb is more intensive in all its senses (Ḳ, TA) than خَشُنَ and تخشّن, because of the repetition of the medial radical and the addition of the و; and the same is the case of every verb of this class, as اعشوشب and the like, as is indicated in the Ṣ. (TA.)

See also 1.

خَشِنٌ Rough, harsh, or coarse; (Ṣ,* Mṣb,* Ḳ, KL, PṢ;) applied to a thing (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ) of any kind; (Ḳ;) as alsoأَخْشَنُ↓: (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ:) in relation to a stone, they seldom or never say otherwise than أَخْشَنُ: (Mṣb:) the fem. of the former is with ة {خَشِنَةٌ}; (Mṣb, Ḳ;) and the pl. is خُشُنٌ, (Mṣb,) [also said to be a pl. by poetic license of أَخْشَنُ, for خُشْنٌ, as will be seen below,] or خِشَانٌ, (Ḳ,) which is applied in the sense explained above to land [or lands]: (TA:) the fem. ofأَخْشَنُ↓ is خَشْنَآءُ; (Ḳ;) and the pl. is خُشْنٌ. (Ṣ.) You say أَرْضٌ خَشِنَةٌ Rough, or rugged, ground or land. (Mṣb.) Andأَرْضٌ خشْنَآءُ↓ Rugged ground or land, (JK, TA,) in which are stones and sand. (TA.) Andمُلَآءَةٌ خَشْنَآءُ↓ [A wrapper for the body] in which is roughness, harshness, or coarseness, either from newness or from make. (TA.)

[Hence,] † A strong man. (Mṣb.) And هُوَ خَشِنُ الجَانِبِ andأَخْشَنُهُ↓ ‡ He is difficult, refractory, or stubborn; not to be coped with. (Ḳ, TA. [See also 1.]) And عَاشَ عَيْشًا خَشِنًا † He lived a rough, or coarse, life. (Ḳ.) See also أَخْشَنُ.

خُشَيْنَآءُ [dim. of خَشْنَآءُ] A certain small herb, or leguminous plant, green, found in meadows, and plains; so called because of its roughness, or harshness, or coarseness. (TA.) See also خَشنَآءُ at the end of the next paragraph.

أَخْشَنُ, and its fem. خَشْنَآءُ: see خَشِنٌ, in five places. You say also كَتِيبَةٌ خَشْنَآءُ ‡ [An army, or a portion thereof, bristling with weapons: or] having many weapons: (JK, Ṣ, Ḳ, TA:) [and in like manner, جَيْشٌ خَشِنٌ↓, occurring in the TA in art. خمس:] and مَعْشَرٌ خُشْنٌ and خُشُنٌ; the latter allowable in poetry: (Ṣ: [it is there implied that this has a similar meaning:]) or the last signifies † [a company of men] who resist harm, or injury. (Ḥam p. 5.) And أُثْفِيَّةٌ خَشْنَآءُ † A great number [of people]. (Ṣ in art. ثَفى.)

Also, (Ḳ, TA,) orأُخَيْشِنُ↓, (JK,) ‡ A man whose state, or condition, is discommended. (JK, Ḳ, TA. [See also مُخَشَّنَةٌ.]) And the fem., † A she-camel lean, or emaciated. (JK, Ḳ.) And سَنَةٌ خَشْنَآءُ † A year of drought or distress. (JK.)

A rájiz says,

* مِنْ يَثْرِبِيَّاتٍ خُشْنِ *

meaning [Of the fabric of Yethrib,] new [unfeathered arrows]. (Ṣ, TA.)

خَشْنَآءُ also signifies A certain green herb, or leguminous plant, (AḤn, JK, Ḳ,) having short leaves, (JK,) that spreads upon the ground, (AḤn,) rough to the feel, but soft in the mouth, viscous like purslane; (AḤn, Ḳ;) its blossom is yellow, and it is eaten [by men], and is like wise a pasture: (AḤn:) also called خُشَيْنَآءُ↓. (TA.)

أُخَيْشِنُ dim. of أَخْشَنُ as syn. with خَشِنٌ. (TA.) أُخَيْشِنُ فِى ذَاتِ ٱللّٰهِ is a phrase occurring in a trad. [app. as meaning † Somewhat rough or coarse in clothing, or in mode of living, for the sake, or to obtain the approbation, of God]. (Ṣ, TA.) See also أَخْشَنُ.

مُخَشَّنَةٌ A she-camel whose طِرْق [or condition in respect of fatness] is discommended. (JK, Ḳ. [See also أَخْشَنُ.])