Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

خَصَّهُ بِالشَّىْءِ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or بِكَذَا, (A, Mṣb,) aor. ـُ {يَخْصُصُ}, (Mṣb, TA,) inf. n. خَصٌّ (Ḳ) and خُصُوصٌ (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ) and خَصُوصٌ (TA) and خَصُوصِيَّةٌ and خُصُوصِيَّةٌ, (Ṣ, Mgh,* Mṣb, Ḳ,) of which last two the former is the more chaste, (Ṣ, TA,) and is the form mentioned in the Fṣ and its Exposi tions, and the ى in it is said to be the relative ى, and the ى which is characteristic of an inf. n., whereas in the latter it is said to be a characteristic of intensiveness, but MF thinks that this requires consideration, because the ى is also said to be, and by some more commonly, without teshdeed, as in كَرَاهِيَةٌ and عَلَانِيَةٌ, (TA,) and خِصِّيصَى, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) like مِكِّيثَى, which is said to be the only other instance of this measure, (TA,) [but some others might be added, as دِلِّيلَى and فِخِّيرَى and قِتِّيتَى,] and خِصِّيصَآءُ, (IAạr, Kr, Ḳ,) [like مِكِّيثَآءُ,] the former of which last two [each of which has an intensive signification] is the chaste, and com monly known, form, (TA,) and خُصِّيَّةٌ, or خِصِّيَّةٌ, or خَصِيَّةٌ, (accord. to different copies of the Ḳ,) written by Ṣgh with damm, (TA,) and تَخِصَّةٌ, (Ibn-ʼAbbád, Ḳ,) or, as some say, خَصُوصِيَّةٌ and خِصِّيَّةٌ [or خُصِّيَّةٌ or خَصِّيَّةٌ] are each a quasi-inf. n., as also خَاصَّةٌ, (TA,) He distinguished him particularly, peculiarly, or specially, i. e., above, or from, or exclusively of, others, by the thing, or by such a thing; he particularized him, or particularly or peculiarly or specially characterized him, thereby; syn. فَضَّلَهُ (A, Ḳ, TA) دُونَ غَيْرِهِ, and مَيَّزَهُ; (TA;) he appropriated, or assigned, [the thing or] such a thing, or made it to belong, to him alone, or in particular, or peculiarly, or specially, exclusively of others; (Mṣb;) andاختصّهُ↓ بِهِ signifies the same; (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ;) as alsoاخصّهُ↓, (A, [but for this I know not any other authority,]) andخصّصهُ↓; (A;) or this last has an intensive signification. (Mṣb.) You say, خَصَّهُ بِالُودِّ He distinguished him, &c. by love, or affection; or favoured him in preference to another, or others, thereby. (Ḳ, TA.) As to the saying of AZ,

* إِنِ ٱمْرَأٌ خَصَّنِى عَمْدًا مَوَدَّتَهُ *

* عَلَى التَّنَانِى لَعِنْدِى غَيْرُ مَكْفُورِ *

[If a man distinguish me above, or from, or exclusively of, others, purposely, by his love, or because of his love of me, notwithstanding distance of each from the other, it will not be disacknowledged with me,] the meaning is, خَصَّنِى بِمَوَدَّتِهِ; or it may be خَصَّنِى لِمَوَدَّتِهِ إِيَّاىَ [in the TA بِمَوَدَّتِهِ, which is evidently a mistranscription]; for, says ISd, we have not heard خَصَّهُ [or rather خَصَّ] doubly transitive. (TA.) And [hence] خَصَّهُ بِكَذَا also signifies He gave him such a thing in large quantity, or abundantly. (TA.) [You say also, خَصَّهُ بِالذِّكْرِ He distinguished,, &c., or singled out, him, or it, by mention: or he particularized, peculiarized, or specified, him, or it, thereby; he particularly, peculiarly, or specially, mentioned him, or it. And خَصَّهُ, alone, He pointed particularly, or peculiarly, to him, or it, in what he said; or he meant particularly, or peculiarly, him, or it. And خَصَّ مِنْهُ كَذَا He distinguished, particularized, peculiarized, or specified, thereof such a thing: and he distinguished therefrom such a thing; he particularly, peculiarly, or specially, excepted therefrom such a thing.] You also say, خَصَّهُ لِنَفْسِهِ (TA) andاختصّهُ↓ لِنَفْسِهِ (T, A, TA) [He appropriated, or took, or chose, him, or it, particularly, or specially, to, or for, himself; as also خَصَّ بِهِ نَفْسَهُ andاختصّ↓ بِهِ نَفْسَهُ]. Andهُوَ يَسْتَخِصُّ↓ فُلَانًا and يَسْتَخْلِصُهُ (A, TA) [He appropriates such a one purely to himself, exclusively of any partner; (see the latter verb;)] he chooses such a one for himself; he appropriates him to himself as his particular, or special, intimate; (TA in art. خلص;) both signify the same. (Ṣ and Ḳ in art. خلص.) [Andاختصّهُ↓ He treated him, or behaved towards him, with partiality; was partial towards him: a signification implied by the first explanation in this art.: and in this sense it is often used.]

خَصَّ,, aor. ـُ {يَخْصُصُ}, [contr. to general rule, by which it should be ـِ, for it is intrans., and of the measure فَعَلَ, accord. to the Mṣb,] inf. n. خُصُوصٌ, [and app. خَصُوصِيَّةٌ and خُصُوصِيَّةٌ, accord. to modern usage,] It was, or became, particular, peculiar, or special; restricted, or confined, to one or more of persons, places, or things; distinct, or distinguished, from others; not common, or general; contr. of عَمَّ; as alsoاختصّ↓: (Mṣb:) [each, also, followed by لَهُ, signifies He, or it, belonged, pertained, or appertained, to him, or it, particularly, peculiarly, specially, or exclusively; it so related to him, or it; it was, or became, peculiar to him, or it: see also the latter verb below.]

خَصَّ, sec. pers. خَصِصْتَ, (in the CK خُصِصْتُ,) [inf. n., app., خَصَاصَةٌ and خَصَاصٌ and خَصَاصَآءُ,] ‡ He was, or became, poor; in a state of poverty; (Fr, Ṣgh, Ḳ;) as alsoاختصّ↓. (A, TA.)

خصّصهُ, inf. n. تَخْصِيصٌ, He made it, or rendered it, particular, peculiar, or special; distinct, or distinguished, from others; not common, or general; he individuated it; particularized it; distinguished it from the generality; singled it out; تَخْصِيصٌ being the contr. of تَعْمِيمٌ. (Ḳ. [But only the inf. n. is there mentioned.])

See also 1, first sentence.

تخصّص quasi-pass. of 2; It was, or became, made, or rendered, particular, peculiar, or special;, &c.; not common, or general. (TA.)

See also 8, in two places.

It is also said to mean † He was, or became, in a peculiar, unparticipated state of pressing want and poverty. (Ḥar p. 94.)

اختصّهُ: see 1, in four places.

اختصّ as an intrans. v.: see 1, last sentence but one.

اختصّ بِالشَّىْءِ, (Ḳ,) or بِكَذَا, (A, Mṣb,) quasi-pass. of خَصَّهُ بِهِ; (A, Mṣb, Ḳ;) He was, or became, distinguished particularly, peculiarly, or specially, i. e., above, or from, or exclusively of, others, by the thing, or by such a thing; he was, or became, particularized, or particularly or peculiarly or specially characterized, thereby; (A,* Ḳ * TA;) he had [the thing or] such a thing appropriated, or assigned, or made to belong, to him alone, or in particular, or peculiarly, or specially, exclusively of others; (Mṣb;) andتخصّص↓ signifies the same. (A, Mṣb, Ḳ.) You say, اختصّ فُلَانٌ بِالأَمْرِ, andتخصّص↓ لَهُ, [or بِهِ, accord. to general usage,] Such a one was, or became, alone, with none to share or participate with him, in the affair; syn. اِنْفَرَدَ. (TA.)

See also 1, last sentence.

خُصٌّ A booth of reeds, or canes, (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ, TA,) or of [boughs of] trees: (TA:) or a house roofed with a piece of wood, in the form of the [oblong vaulted structure called] أَزْج: (JK, Ḳ:) so called because of the خَصَاص, or “narrow interstices,” which are in it; (T, TA;) or because one sees what is in it through its خَصَاص, or “interstices:” (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَخْصَاصٌ (JK, Mṣb, TA) and [of mult.] خِصَاصٌ (JK, L, Ḳ [in the CK خَصَاصٌ, which is wrong,]) and خُصُوصٌ (JK, Ḳ) and خُصُوصَةٌ. (JK.)

Also The shop of a vintner, (Aṣ, Ḳ,) although it be not of reeds, or canes. (Ḳ.)

خُصُوصٌ an inf. n. of 1, trans. and intrans.

[Used as a simple subst., Particularity; peculiarity; speciality, or specialty; as also the inf. ns. خَصُوصِيَّةٌ↓, andخُصُوصِيَّةٌ↓.] You say, لَهُ خُصُوصٌ andخُصُوصِيَّةٌ↓ [To him belongs a particularity,, &c.], and بِى [in me is, &c.]. (A.) [Hence خُصُوصًا Particularly; specially; as alsoخَاصَّةً↓.] Th was heard to say, إِذَا ذُكِرَ الصَّالِحُونَ فَبَخَاصَّةٍ↓ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَإِذَا ذُكِرَ الأَشْرَافُ فَبِخَاصَّةٍ عَلِىٌّ [meaning فَخُصُوصًا, i. e., When the righteous are mentioned, then in particular, or peculiarly, Aboo-Bekr is virtually mentioned; and when the shereefs are mentioned, then in particular, or peculiarly, ʼAlee]. (L, TA.)

خَصَاصَةٌ An interstice, interval, or intervening space or opening; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) as alsoخَصَاصٌ↓ [which is commonly used as a coll. gen. n.] andخَصَاصَآءُ↓: (Ḳ:) or an interstice,, &c., in the ثَغْر [app. meaning the front teeth]; as also↓ the second of these words: (TA:) or the first and↓ second, (TA,) or↓ all, (Ḳ,) any interstice,, &c., or hole or perforation, in a door, and sieve, and [veil of the kind called] بُرْقُع, and the like, (Ḳ, TA,) such as a cloud, and a strainer,, &c.: (TA:) [a crevice, cranny, chink, or fissure:] or the first, (TA,) or↓ all, (Ḳ,) a small hole or perforation: (Ḳ, TA:) or the first has this signification as well as the signification first mentioned: (Ṣ:) or↓ the second, the like of a كَوَّة [or mural aperture] in a [structure of the kind called] قُبَّة, or the like, when as wide as the face; or, accord. to some, whether wide or narrow: (TA:) and the same, interstices, intervals, or intervening spaces or openings, in a خُصّ; (TA;) or narrow interstices,, &c., therein: (T, TA:) and the same, (TA,) or↓ all, (Ḳ,) the intervening spaces between the three stones upon which a cooking-pot is placed; (Ḳ, TA;) and between the fingers: (TA:) and the first, the intervening spaces between the feathers of an arrow: (IAạr, TA:) pl. [of the first,] خَصَاصَاتٌ. (TA.) You say of the moon, بَدَا مِنْ خَصَاصَةِ الغَيْمِ [It appeared from the gap of the cloud, or clouds]. (Ṣ, A.)

Also A cloud itself; or clouds; syn. غَيْمٌ. (TA.)

Also the first, (Ṣ, A, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) and↓ second, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) and↓ third, (IDrd, Ḳ,) ‡ Poverty; (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ;) need; (A, Mṣb, TA;) straitness, or difficulty; (Mgh;) an evil state or condition: (TA:) from خَصَاصَات meaning the “holes” of a sieve: whence a saying cited voce تَجَمَّلَ: (Mgh:) or from the first of the senses explained in this paragraph; because a thing, when it opens so as to form an interstice, becomes weak and unsound. (TA.) You say also,سَدَدْتُ خُصَاصَةَ↓ فُلَانٍ, with damm, meaning, ‡ I repaired the broken fortune of such a one. (A, TA.)

Also the first, ‡ Thirst; as in camels when they return from water without having satisfied themselves with drink: and hunger; as in a man when he has not satisfied himself with food. (TA.)

خَاصٌّ Particular; peculiar; special; distinct, or distinguished, from others; contr. of عَامٌّ. (Mṣb, TA.)

[And hence, Choice; select.]

[And Pare; unmixed; unadulterated.]

[Used as a subst.,] it is syn. with خَاصَّةٌ↓; (Ks, Mṣb, Ḳ;) in which the ة is a corroborative; (Mṣb;) and which signifies Distinguished people; persons of distinction; the distinguished sort; contr. of عَامَّةٌ: (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ:) or the former is contr. of عَامٌّ, and↓ the latter is contr. of عَامَّةٌ: (TA:) [the pl. of both is خَوَاصٌّ andخِصَّانٌ↓ andخُصَّانٌ↓: or, accord. to rule, the first of these is pl. only of خَاصَّةٌ; and judging from other instances, we should regard the second and third as more probably pls. of خَاصٌّ: but however the case may be,] خِصَّانٌ is syn. with خَوَاصُّ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) and so is خُصَّانٌ. (Ḳ.) [You say, الخَاصُّ وَالعَامُّ, andالخَاصَّةُ↓ وَالعَمَّةُ, The distinguished and the common people; the persons of distinction and the vulgar.] You also say,إِنَّمَا يَفْعَلُ هٰذَا خِصَّانٌ↓ مِنَ النَّاسِ meaning خَوَاصُّ مِنْهُمْ [Only distinguished persons of mankind do this]. (Ṣ.)

[It seems to be also, in some instances, syn. with خَاصَّةٌ↓ as signifying A particular, peculiar, or special, friend, intimate, familiar, companion, associate, attendant, dependent, or servant:] the latter is explained in the T [and JK] as meaning a person whom thou hast appropriated, particularly distinguished, taken, or chosen, (اِخْتَصَصْتَهُ,) [as a friend,, &c.,] to, or for, thyself: (TA:) [and it is used as a sing. and as a pl.: for] you say, هٰذَا خَاصَّتِى [This is my particular, or special, or choice, or choicest, friend,, &c.]: and هُمْ خَاصَّتِى [They are my particular, or peculiar, or special, or choice, or choicest, friends,, &c.]. (A.) You say also, فُلَانٌ خَاصٌّ لِفُلَانٍ, (Kull p. 174,) or بِفُلَانٍ, (so in the L,) [app. meaning لِفُلَانٍ, unless it be mistranscribed, and the latter be the correct reading, which I think much the more probable;] i. e., Such a one belongs exclusively [as a particular, or peculiar, or special, friend,, &c.,] to such a one; (Kull;) andمُخَصٌّ↓ signifies the same. (L.)

See the dim. of خَاصَّةٌ, (namely خُوَيْصَّةٌ,) below.

خَاصَّةٌ: see خَاصٌّ, in four places.

It also signifies A property of a thing, not found, or not existing, either wholly or partly, in another thing: andخَاصِّيَّةٌ↓ [thus correctly written, and thus I have always found it written except by Golius and those who have probably imitated him, who write it without the sheddeh to the ى,] is used as denoting [a property, or particular or peculiar virtue, which is] an unknown cause of a known effect; as that by which a medicine operates: the former differs from the latter in being conventionally applied to an effect, [or effective property,] whether the cause of its existence be known or not: [the pl. of the former is خَوَاصُّ, agreeably with analogy and usage, like as عَوَامُّ is pl. of عَامَّةٌ:] the pl. of the latter is خَاصِّيَّاتٌ [and خَصَائِصُ]; and خَوَاصُّ is a quasi-pl. n., not a pl., of the same. (Kull p. 174. [All the abovementioned words here cited from that work are there without syll. signs, as being well known. Both خاصّة andخاصّيّة↓, as here explained, are perhaps post-classical; but of this I am not certain: and both are sometimes used as meaning The peculiar nature of a thing; also termed its essence.])

خَاصَّةً and بِخَاصَّةٍ: see خُصُوصٌ.

خُوَيْصَّةٌ dim. of خَاصَّةٌ; (A, Ḳ;) [like دُوَيْبَّةٌ, q. v., dim. of دَابَّةٌ;] originally خُوَيْصِصَةٌ; (TA;) the ى being quiescent because the ى of the dim. cannot be movent; (A, Ḳ;) [properly signifying A little, or young, particular, or peculiar, or special, friend, companion, associate, attendant, or servant; and used in other senses, like other diminutives; implying littleness of estimation; and also affection, and awe.] It is said in a trad., (TA,) عَلَيْكَ بِخُوَيْصَّةِ نَفْسِكَ [Keep thou to the little, or dear, particular friend of thine own self: so it seems to mean accord. to Z, being mentioned by him among the proper expressions belonging to this art.: but accord. to the TḲ, it appears to be tropical; for the meaning is there said to be, † thine own particular state, or condition]. (A, TA.) In another trad., خويصّة is used as signifying A little, young, particular, or peculiar, or special, servant. (TA.) And in another trad. it is said, بَادِرُوا بِالأَعْمَالِ سِتًّا الدَّجَّالِ وَكَذَا وَكَذَا وَخُوَيْصَّةَ أَحَدِكُمْ, i. e. † Strive ye to be before six things with [good] works; Antichrist, and such and such things, and the event of death which is specially, or peculiarly, appointed to any one of you: [or, I would rather say, the awful special awaiter of any one of you; though it is asserted that] the diminutive form is here used to denote low estimation of that which it signifies in comparison with what follows it, namely, the resurrection, &c. (TA.)