Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

خَضَعَ, aor. ـَ {يَخْضَعُ}, inf. n. خُضُوعٌ (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ) and خَضْعٌ and خُضْعَانٌ, or خِضْعَانٌ, (TA,) He was, or became, lowly, humble, or submissive, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) لَهُ to him, (Mṣb, TA,) [for instance,] to his creditor, (Mṣb,) or to God; (TA;) as alsoاختضع↓, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) [andانخضع↓, (Ḳ in art. خذأ,)] andاِخْضَوْضَعَ↓: (Ṣgh, Ḳ:) خُضُوعٌ is nearly the same as خُشُوعٌ, except that the latter is mostly used in relation to the voice [or the eyes]; but the former is used as meaning in the necks: (Mṣb:) or the former is in the body, (ʼEyn and Ḳ in art. خشع,) and signifies the acknowledgment of humility and submission; (ʼEyn;) and the latter is in the voice and in the eyes. (ʼEyn and Ḳ ubi suprà.) It is said in a trad. respecting the [devils'] hearing [the words of the angels] by stealth, خُضْعَانًا لِقَوْلِهِ [With submissiveness to his saying, or to what he said]; or, accord. to one relation, خِضْعَانًا; but it may be a pl. of خَاضِعٌ; and accord. to another relation, it is خُضَّعًا, which is a pl. of خَاضِعٌ. (TA.)

He was, or became, still, (Ḳ, TA,) and tractable, or submissive. (TA.)

He made his words soft to a woman; as alsoاخضع↓: (L:) or the latter signifies his speech was soft to a woman. (O, Ḳ.) It is said in the Ḳur [xxxiii. 32], فَلَا تَخْضَعْنَ بِالقَوْلِ Then be ye not soft in speech. (TA.) And you say, خَضَعَ لَهَا بِكَلَامِهِ وَخَضَعَتْ لَهُ وَتَطَمَّعَ فِيهَا [He was soft to her in speech, and she was soft to him, and he became excited to feel an eager desire for her, or to lust after her]; (TA;) and in like manner,خَاضَعَها↓, (Ḳ,* TA,) inf. n. مُخَاضَعَةٌ, (TA,) [he was soft in his speech to her, she being soft in her speech to him.] And خَضَعَا بَيْنَهُمَا حَدِيثًا They two (a man and a woman) made soft discourse together, saying that which excited each to feel an eager desire for, or to lust after, the other. (TA from a trad.)

خَضَعَ, aor. ـَ {يَخْضَعُ}, inf. n. خَضْعٌ, [or, as in two copies of the Ṣ, خَضَعٌ, though it seems that the verb is correctly خَضَعَ, not خَضِعَ,] He had a natural stooping of the neck: (TA:) and he bent himself, or became bent; as alsoاخضع↓. (Zj.) Andاختضع↓, said of a hawk, He lowered his head to make a stoop, or to pounce down. (Z, TA.)

[Hence,] خَضَعَتِ الإِبِلُ ‡ The camels strove, or exerted themselves, or hastened, in their pace, or going; (Ḳ;) because, when they do so, they lower their necks. (TA.) Andاختضع↓, (Ḳ,) said of a horse, (IAạr,) [for the same reason,] † He went quickly, or swiftly. (IAạr, Ḳ.)

خَضَعَ النَّجْمُ ‡ The star, or asterism, inclined (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA) to the place of setting, (Ṣ, TA,) or to setting: (Ḳ, TA:) and in like manner, خَضَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ ‡ the sun inclined, &c.; like خَدَعَت: (TA:) and خَضَعَتْ أَيْدِى الكَوَاكِبِ ‡ the stars inclined to setting. (Aboo-ʼAdnán, TA in art. خشع.)

خَضَعَهُ He, or it, rendered him still (Ḳ, TA) [and submissive: see 1]: the verb being both intrans. and trans. (TA.) [See also 4.]

Also, (Ḳ,) inf. n. خَضْعٌ and خُضُوعٌ, (TA,) He, or it, caused him to have a stooping neck; as alsoاخضعهُ↓; (Ḳ;) i. e., bent him: (TA:) said of old age. (TḲ.) Jereer says,

* أَعَدَّ ٱللّٰهُ لِلشُّعَرَآءِ مِنِّى *

* صَوَاعِقَ يَخْضَعُونَ لَهُ الرِّقَابَا *

[God hath prepared, for the poets, from me, thunderbolts which make the necks to stoop to Him]. (TA.)

خَضَعَ فُلَانًا إِلَى السَّوْءَةِ; in the Ḳ الى السُّوءِ, but the former is the right; inf. n. خُضُوعٌ; (TA;) He, or it, invited such a one to that which was foul, abominable, or evil. (Ḳ, TA.)

اخضع, intrans.: see 1, in two places.

اخضعهُ It (poverty) lowered, humbled, or abased, him; (Mṣb;) [as alsoخضّعهُ↓; for its inf. n.] تَخْضيعٌ signifies the rendering lowly, humble, or submissive; in Persian, فَرُوتَنْ كَرْدَانِيدَنْ. (KL. [But Golius, from the same source, explains the verb as signifying “Submissum humilemque se commonstravit.”]) [Hence,] أَخْضَعَتَنِى إِلَيْكَ الحَاجَةُ (Zj, Ṣ, TA) Want, or need, [made me lowly, humble, or submissive, to thee; or] constrained me to have recourse to thee, and to require thine aid. (TA.)

See also 1, near the end of the paragraph.

خَضِعٌ A plant bending by reason of softness, or tenderness: ISd holds it to be formed after the manner of a relative, or possessive, noun, because there is no verb [of the measure خَضِعَ] to which it may be referred. (TA.) [The regular form, if it were a part. n., would be خَاضِعٌ, q. v.]

خُضَعَةٌ A man (Ṣ) who is lowly, humble, or submissive, to everyone. (Ṣ, Ṣgh, Ḳ,)

And One who overcomes, or subdues, his adversaries, or opponents, (Ḳ, TA,) and humbles and abases them. (TA.)

خَاضِعٌ Lowly, humble, or submissive; (Mṣb;) andخَضُوعٌ↓ signifies the same: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) [or rather the latter is an intensive epithet, signifying very lowly,, &c.:] the pl. of the former is خَاضِعُونَ and خُضَّعٌ and خُضْعَانٌ, or خِضْعَانٌ: (TA:) [respecting the last two of which, see 1, second sentence:] and the pl. ofخَضُوعٌ↓ is خُضُعٌ; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) as in the phrase قَوْمٌ خُضُعُ الرِّقَابِ [A people, or company of men, very submissive in the necks]. (Ṣ.) It is said in the Ḳur [xxvi. 3], فَظَلَّتْ أَعْنَاقُهُمْ لَهَا خَاضِعِينَ And their necks shall continue, the pret. being used in the sense of the aor., meaning تَدُومُ, (Jel,) submissive to it: (Jel,* TA:) the original of the phrase is فَظَلُّوا لَهَا خَاضِعِينَ; and اعناق is redundantly inserted to show the place of خُضُوع, and the predicate is left in its original state: (Bḍ:) or as the خضوع is only that of the اعناق, it is allowable to make the predicate relate to [the pronoun هم, which is] the complement of the latter word: (Sb, Kh:) or since the خضوع is ascribed to the necks but really belongs to the persons, the epithet has that form of pl. which is proper to rational beings: (Jel: [and the like is said by Bḍ:]) or اعناقهم means their chiefs: or their companies: but there is another reading [which is literally grammatical], namely خَاضِعَةً. (Bḍ.)

The pl. خُضَّعٌ is also applied to Women who have been [ or who are] soft in speech, and still. (IAạr.) [See 1.]

نَعَامٌ خَوَاضِعُ [pl. of خَاضِعَةٌ] Ostriches inclining their heads towards the ground in their places of pasture; and in like manner, ظِبَآءٌ [gazelles]. (TA.)

إِبِلٌ خَوَاضِعُ ‡ Camels striving, or exerting themselves, or hastening, in their pace, or going; because, when they do so, they lower their necks. (TA.)

مَنْكِبٌ خَاضِعٌ andأَخْضَعُ↓ A low, or depressed, shoulder-joint. (TA.)

نُجُومٌ خَوَاضِعُ ‡ Stars inclining to setting, or to their places of setting. (A, TA.)

Inviting to that which is foul, abominable, or evil. (TA.)

أَخْضَعُ Content with abasement; fem. خَضْعَآءُ. (Lth, Ḳ.)

Having a natural stooping of the neck; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) applied to a man, (TA,) and to a horse, (Ṣ, TA,) and a camel, and an ostrich, and a gazelle. (TA.)

See also خَاضِعٌ, near the end of the paragraph.