Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

خَفَضَهُ, [aor. ـِ {يَخْفِضُ},] inf. n. خَفْضٌ, He lowered it; depressed it; namely, a thing; contr. of رَفَعَهُ. (A.)

He (God) abased him; (Ṣ, Mṣb;) namely, an unbeliever. (Mṣb.) You say, اَللّٰهُ يَخْفِضُ مَنْ يَشَآءُ وَيْرفَعُ † God abaseth whom He will, and exalteth.. (Ṣ.)

خَفَضَ جَنَاحَهُ He (a bird) [lowered or] relaxed his wing, and contracted it to his side, in order that he might rest, or cease, from his flying. (TA.)

And the same phrase, ‡ He made himself gentle, easy to deal with, compliant, or obsequious. (TA.) It is said in the Ḳur [xv. 88], وَٱخْفِضْ خَنَآحَكَ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ ‡ And make thyself gentle,, &c., to the believers: (Jel, TA:) or be thou condescending to the believers, and treat them with gentleness. (Bḍ.) And again, in the same [xvii. 25], (TA,) وَٱخْفِضْ لَهُمَا جَنَاحَ الذُّلِّ مِنَ الرَّحْمَةِ ‡ And humble, or abase, thou thyself to them both, from compassion: (Bḍ, Ḳ, TA:) or make thyself submissively gentle to them both, from compassion: (Bḍ,* Jel:) or there is a transposition in the sentence, and the meaning is واخفض لهما جناح الرحمة من الذلّ [and make thyself compassionately gentle to them both, from submissiveness]. (O, Ḳ.)

إِنَّ ٱللّٰهَ يَخْفِضُ القِسْطَ وَيَرْفَعُهُ, in a trad., means Verily God, at one time, bringeth down to the ground the just, or equitable; and, at another time, exalteth him: (ISh:) or maketh ample [the means of subsistence, &c.] to whom He will, and maketh scanty to whom He will: (Ṣgh, Ḳ:) or maketh little the portion of the means of subsistence which is the share of any created being, and maketh it much. (TA in art. قسط, q. v.). خَفْضُ العَدْلِ وَرَفْعُهُ is also explained as signifying The just's being overcome by the unjust, when men act corruptly, and the just's overcoming the unjust, when they repent, and act righteously. (TA.) [See also art. رفع.]

مَازَالَتْ تَخْفِضُنِى أَرْضٌ وَتَرْفَعُنِى أُخْرَى حَتَّى وَصَلْتُ إِلَيْكُمْ ‡ [app. means One land ceased not to make me go a gentle pace, and another to make me go a vehement pace, until I came unto you: for خَفَضَ as relating to pace is probably not only intrans., as it will be seen to be below, but also trans., like its contr. رَفَعَ: or it may mean one land ceased not to make me go down, and another to make me go up,, &c.; though its being tropical if having this meaning may be doubted]. (A, TA.)

خَفَضَ صَوْتَهُ, (A, Mṣb,) aor. ـِ {يَخْفِضُ}, (Mṣb,) inf. n. خَفْضٌ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) ‡ He (a man, Mṣb) lowered his voice; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) did not raise his voice; (Mṣb;) [contr. of رَفَعَهُ, as is indicated in the A.]

[In most of the above-mentioned senses, خَفَّضَ↓ is nearly; if not exactly, syn. with خَفَضَ.]

خَفَضَ الحَرْفَ فِى الإِعْرَابِ † He made the [final] letter to have kesreh, in inflection. (Mṣb.) خَفْضٌ is syn. with جَرٌّ [q. v.] (Ṣ, Ḳ) in the inflection of words: (Ḳ:) these two terms, in the inflection of words, are like كَسْرٌ in the non-inflection, in the conventional language of the grammarians. (Ṣ.)

خَفُضَ عَيْشُهُ, aor. ـُ {يَخْفُضُ}, [inf. n., app., خَفْضٌ, q. v. infrà,] † His life was, or became, easy; free from trouble or inconvenience, and toil or fatigue; tranquil; and plentiful. (JK, Ḳ.*)

خَفُضَ صَوْتُهَا † Her (a woman's) voice was, or became, [low, soft,] gentle and easy. (TA.)

خَفَضَتْ † She (a woman) was, or became, low, soft, or gentle, in voice. (TA.)

خَفَضَتِ الإِبِلُ, [inf. n. خَفْضٌ and مَخْفُوضٌ, like the contr. رَفْعٌ and مَرْفُوعٌ, (see خَفْضٌ below,)] ‡ The camels went a gentle pace; (A, TA;) contr. of رَفَعَت. (A.)

خَفَضَ بِالمَكَانِ, aor. ـِ {يَخْفِضُ}, † He remained, stayed, or abode, in the place. (Ḳ.) [See also خَافِضٌ.] A poet says, [app. using the verb in this sense,]

* إِنَّ شَكْلِى وَإِنَّ شَكْلَكِ شَتَّى *

* فَٱلْزَمِى الخُصَّ وَٱخْفِضِى تَبْيَضِضِّى *

[Verily the like of me, and verily the like of thee, are different: therefore keep thou to the booth which is our home, and remain at rest: thou wilt become fair]: the last word is for تَبْيَضِّى; a ض being added. (Ṣ.)

خَفَضَ, inf. n. خُفُوضٌ, also signifies † He died; said of a man. (TA.)

خَفَضَتِ الجَارِيَةَ, [aor. and inf. n. as below,] She circumcised the girl: [see بَظْرٌ:] (Mṣb:) خَفَضْتُ الجَارِيَةَ, (Ṣ,) or خُفِضَتِ الجَارِيَةُ, (A, Ḳ,) is like خَتَنْتُ الغُلَامَ, (Ṣ,) or, خُتِنَ الغُلَامُ: (A, Ḳ:) the former verb applies only to a girl: (Mṣb, Ḳ:) or you say sometimes, خفَضَ الصَّبِىَّ, aor. ـِ {يَخْفِضُ}, inf. n. خَفْضٌ, meaning he circumcised the boy. (TA.)

see 1, in the latter half of the paragraph.

خَفِّضْ رَأْسَ البَعِيرِ Draw thou the camel's head towards the ground, that thou mayest mount him. (Lth, Ḳ.)

خفّضهُ † He weakened, and lowered, or abased, his state, and his rank. (TA.)

† He quieted him, or tranquillized him, and rendered the affair, or case, or state, easy to him. (TA, from a trad.)

خَفِّضْ عَلَيْكَ جَاشَكَ † Quiet, or calm, thy heart. (TA.)

خَفِّضِ القَوْلَ يَا فُلَانُ ‡ Make thou thy words (lit. the saying) gentle, or soft, O such a one: (Ḳ, TA:) and خَفِّضْ عَلَيْكَ القَوْلَ [signifies the same]. (Ṣ.)

خَفِّضْ عَلَيْكَ الأَمْرَ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,*) or [simply] خَفِّضْ عَلَيْكَ, (A,) ‡ Make thou the case, or affair, light, or easy, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) to thyself: (A:) [i. e. regard it lightly: for] خَفِّضِى عَلَيْكِ, occurring in a trad., as said by Aboo-Bekr to ʼÁïsheh, means make thou the case, or affair, light, or easy; and do not grieve for it. (TA.)

أُصِيبَ بِمَصَائِبَ تَخَفِّضُ المَوْتَ † He was smitten by afflictions which brought near to him death, and from which he could not escape. (IAạr, L.)

انخفض, (JK, Ṣ, Ṣgh,) orاختفض↓, (Ḳ,) or both, (TA,) [but the latter seems to be very rare, whereas the former is of very frequent occurrence,] andتخفّض↓, (A,) It was, or became, lowered, or low, or depressed (JK, Ṣ, A, Ṣgh, Ḳ.)

اختفض: see 7.

اختفضت She (a girl) was, or became, circumcised. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) [See 1, last signification.]

خَفْضٌ: [see خَفَضَ, (of which it is the inf. n.,) throughout.]

A state of abatement, or remissness, or the like: (A, TA:) † ease; repose; freedom from trouble or inconvenience, and toil or fatigue; tranquillity; quietness; quietude; stillness; syn. دَعَةٌ; (Ṣ, A, Ḳ;) and رَاحَةٌ; (Mṣb;) and سُكُونٌ; (TA;) of life: (Mṣb:) or ampleness of the circumstances of life; (El-Marzookee, Mṣb;) plentifulness and pleasantness thereof: (El-Marzookee:) softness, delicateness, or easiness: (A, TA:) pleasant life: (L:) and [in like manner] خَفِيضَةٌ↓, softness, delicateness, or easiness, of life; and ampleness of the circumstances thereof: (TA:) and the former, † gentleness and easiness of voice. (TA.) You say, هُمْ فِى خَفْضٍ مِنَ العَيْشِ † They are in an easy, or a tranquil, [or a plentiful and pleasant, or a soft or delicate,] state of life. (Ṣ.) [This phrase is said in the A to be tropical; but why, I do not see; since خَفْضٌ in the sense of دَعَةٌ is proper accord. to the same authority.] And هُوَ فِى خَفْضِ العَيْشِ † He is in an ample, and an easy, or a tranquil, state of life. (Mṣb.) And a poet says,

* لَا يَمْنَعَنَّكَ خَفْضَ العَيْشِ فِىدَعَةٍ *

* نُزُوعُ نَفْسٍ إِلَى أَهْلٍ وَأَوْطَانِ *

* تَلْقَى بِكُلِّ بِلَادٍ إِنْ حَلَلْتَ بِهَا *

* أَهْلًا بِأَهْلٍ وَجِيرَانًا بِجِيرَانِ *

(Ḥam p. 137, and Ṣgh;) i. e. † [Let not yearning of soul for family and homes prevent thee from enjoying] ampleness of the circumstances of life, or plentifulness and pleasantness thereof, in ease and tranquillity: [thou wilt find in every country, if thou take up thine abode in it, a family for a family, and neighbours for neighbours:] (El-Marzookee, MF:) another reading, which is preferable, though each is allowable, is نِزَاعُ in the place of نُزُوعُ. (Ḥam ubi suprà.)

[It is also used as an epithet; app. for ذُو خفْضٍ.] You say, عَيْشٌ خَفْضٌ, (JK, TA,) andخَافِضٌ↓, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) andخَفِيضٌ↓, andمَخْفُوضٌ↓, (TA,) † An easy, or a tranquil, (JK, Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) and plentiful, (JK, TA,) and soft, or delicate, (TA,) life: (JK, Ṣ, &c.:) andمَخْفِضٌ↓ signifies the same as خَفْضٌ. (TA: there mentioned in the same place as here.) [It is said in the A, thatعيش خافض↓ is like عِيشَةٌ رَاضِيَةٌ, (meaning that it is for عَيْشٌ مَخْفُوضٌ,) and that it is tropical.]

Also ‡ A gentle pace; contr. of رَفْعٌ; (Ṣ, A,* Ḳ;) and soمَخْفُوضٌ↓; (Ṣ,* A;) contr. of مَرْفُوعٌ. (A, TA.) [See خَفَضَتِ الإِبِلُ.]

Also Low, or depressed, land: (TA:) and [in like manner] خَافِضَةٌ↓ a low, or depressed, tract (تَلْعَةٌ مُطْمَئِنَّةٌ) of land: (ISh, Ḳ:) رَافِعَةٌ signifying [the contr., i. e.] a hard and elevated tract of land. (ISh.)

هُوَ فِى حَالِ خَفْضَةٍ and حَالِ رِفْعَةٍ [He is in a state of abasement and in a state of elevation: or perhaps the word خفضة should be written خِفْضة, to agree in form with رِفْعَة, and because in itself denoting a state]. (A.)

صَوْتٌ خَفِيضٌ ‡ A low, soft, or gentle, voice. (TA.) And كَلَامٌ خَفِيضٌ andمَخْفُوضٌ↓ ‡ [Low, soft, or gentle, speech]. (A, TA.) See also خَافِضٌ.

عَيْشٌ خَفِيضٌ: see خَفْضٌ.

الخَافِضُ, one of the names of God called الأَسْمَآءُ الحُسْنَى, The Abaser of the proud, haughty, or insolent: (Ḳ:) the Abaser of everything which He desireth to abase. (TA.)

خَافِضَةٌ رَافِعَةٌ in the Ḳur [lvi. 3, applied to the resurrection, (القِيَامَة,)] means Abasing certain persons to Hell: exalting certain persons to Paradise: (O, Ḳ:) or abasing the disobedient: exalting the obedient. (Zj.)

A rájiz [of the tribe of Asad (Ṣ in arts. شول and صن)] says, censuring a collector of the poor-rate,

* أَإِبِلِى تَأْكُلُهَا مُصِنَّا *

* خَافِضَ سِنٍّ وَمُشِيلًا سِنَّا *

[Dost thou devour my camels, elevating the nose with pride, lowering age in one case and raising age in another?]: or, accord. to IAạr, this was a man addressing his wife, and censuring her father, who had required as her dowry twenty camels, all to be بَنَات لَبُون, and demanded them of him; and when he saw among his camels a fat حِقَّة, he said “This is a بِنْت لَبُون,” that he might take her; and when he saw a lean بنت لبون, he said “This is a بِنْت مَخَاض,” that he might leave her. (Ṣ.)

هُوَ خَافِضُ الجَنَاحِ ‡ He is gentle, easy to deal with, compliant, or obsequious: (A, TA:) ‡ he is grave, staid, sedate, or calm; (TA;) and so هُوَخَافِضُ الطَّيْرِ. (Ḳ, TA.)

اِمْرَأَةٌ خَافِضَةُ الصَّوْتِ, andخَفِيضَةُ↓ الصَّوْتِ, † A woman low, soft, or gentle, in voice: (TA:) not clamorous and foul-tongued. (T, TA.)

عَيْشٌ خَافِضٌ: see خَفْضٌ, in two places.

أَرْضٌ خَافِضَةُ السُّقْيَا † Land easy of irrigation. (Ḳ.) The contr. is termed رَافِعَةُ السقيا. (TA.)

بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَكَ لَيْلَةٌ خَافِضَةٌ ‡ Between me and thee is a night of easy journeying. (Ṣ, TA.)

قَوْمٌ خَافِضُونَ † A people, or company of men, remaining at a water: when going in search of pasture and of the places where rain has fallen, they are not so called. (IAạr.)

خَافِضَةٌ A woman who circumcises girls. (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ.*) And خَافِضٌ is sometimes applied to A man who circumcises boys. (TA.)

خَافِضَةٌ, as a subst., or an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates: see خَفْضٌ, last signification.

مَخْفِضُ قَوْمٍ A place where a people are in a state of ease, or tranquillity; or in a plentiful and pleasant state of life. (TA.)

See also خَفْضٌ, in the latter part of the paragraph.

مَخْفِضٌ also signifies The place of a girl where the operation of circumcision is performed. (Lḥ and Az, in TA, voce عُذْرَة.)

مَخْفُوضٌ: see خَفْضٌ, in two places, in the latter part of the paragraph: and see خَفِيضٌ.

مَخْفُوضةٌ A girl circumcised. (Mgh, Mṣb.)

الحُرُوفُ المُنْخَفِضَةُ All the letters of the alphabet except غ ظ ط ض ص خ, and ق; (Ḳ;) which latter are called المُسْتَعْلِيَةُ. (TA.)