Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

دَأَبَ, (T, Ṣ, M, &c.,) aor. ـَ {يَدْأَبُ}, (T, M, A, Ḳ,) inf. n. دَأْبٌ (T, Ṣ, M, A, Ḳ) and دَأَبٌ (T, M, A, Ḳ) and دُؤُوبٌ, (T, Ṣ, M, A, Ḳ,) He strove, laboured, toiled, or exerted himself; (T, Ṣ, A, Ḳ;) and wearied himself, or became wearied; (Ṣ, A, Ḳ;) in his work, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) or in a thing, (T,) and in a journey or journeying; (T, A;) in which last case, دَأَبَتْ is said of a she-camel, (T,) or of a دَابَّة [or horse or the like]: (A:) or he held on, or continued, (M, and Bḍ in viii. 54,) in his work, and his way. (Bḍ ibid.) See also 4. Hence, اللَّيْلُ وَالنَّهَارُ يَدْأَبَانِ فِى ٱعْتِقَابِهِمَا ‡ [The night and the day hold on their course in their alternating]. (A.)

دَأْبٌ (Ḳ) and دُؤُوبٌ (TA) also signify The act of driving vehemently; and i. q. طَرْدٌ [the act of driving away, hunting,, &c.]. (Ḳ, TA.)

ادأب, (T, Ṣ, M, &c.,) inf. n. إِدْآبٌ, (T,) He made another, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) his hired man, and his beast, (A,) to strive, labour, toil, or exert himself; (Ṣ, A, Ḳ;) he fatigued, or wearied, (T, Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) another, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) his hired man, (A,) and his beast: (T, A:) or he made another, and anything, to hold on, of continue: and ادأبهُ also signifies أَحْوَجَةُ إِلَى الدُّؤُوبِ [he made him to be in need of striving,, &c.; or of holding on, or continuing]: (M:) and أَدَبُوا is used by a rájiz, but not necessarily by poetic license, for أَدْأَبُوا. (IAạr, M.)

[Hence,] ادأب السَّيْرَ [He pursued the journey laboriously, or with energy; or he held on, or continued, the journey]: (Ṣ, M, L, Ḳ, in art. مسد; and M and L in art. سأد:) and [in like manner] you say,دَأَبْنَا↓ سَيْرَنَا [for فِى سَيْرِنَا, or perhaps فى is omitted by inadvertence]. (TA in art. نحب.)

دَأْبٌ (T, Ṣ, M, A, Ḳ) andدَأَبٌ↓ (Ṣ, M, Ḳ) [both originally inf. ns. of 1: and hence,] ‡ A custom, manner, habit, or wont: (AʼObeyd, T, Ṣ, M, Ḳ:) an affair, a business, or a concern: (Zj, T, Ṣ, A, Ḳ:) and a case, state, or condition: (Zj,* T,* Ṣ,* M, A,* Ḳ:*) and a deed, or work. (A.) You say, هٰذَا دَأْبُكَ ‡ This is [thy custom,, &c.:] thy affair, business, or concern: or thy case, state, or condition: and thy deed, or work. (A.) Zj says that كَدَأْبِ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ [in the Ḳur iii. 9, &c.] means, accord. to the lexicologists, † Like the case of the people of Pharaoh: but in his opinion, like the striving, labouring, or toiling, of the people of Pharaoh in their unbelief, and their leaguing together and aiding one another against Moses. (T.)

رَجُلٌ دَؤُوبٌ عَلَى شَىْءٍ [A man who strives, labours, toils, or exerts himself, and wearies himself, or who holds on, or continues, with energy, to do a thing]. (M.)

دَائِبٌ (TA, and so in a copy of the Ṣ,) andدَئِبٌ↓ (TA, and so in two copies of the Ṣ,) Striving, labouring, toiling, or exerting himself, and wearying himself, in his work [&c.: or holding on, or continuing, therein: see the verb]. (Ṣ, TA.)

[Hence,] لَيْلَةٌ دَائِبَةٌ [A hard, fatiguing, or continuous, night-journey]. (M and Ḳ in art. مرس.)

And الدَّائِبَانِ ‡ The night and the day; (Ṣ, A, Ḳ;) which [are so called because they] hold on their course (يَدْأَبَانِ) in their alternating. (TA.)