Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

دَرَأَهُ, aor. ـَ {يَدْرَأُ}, (M, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. دَرْءٌ (Ṣ, M, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ) and دَرْأَةٌ; (Ḳ;) andدرّأهُ↓; (M, TA; [or this latter has probably an intensive signification;]) He pushed it, or thrust it; or pushed it, or thrust it, away, or back; repelled it; or averted it; syn. دَفَعَهُ; (Ṣ,* M, Mgh,* Mṣb, Ḳ;) namely, a thing. (Mṣb.) Hence, كَانَ بَيْنَ عُمَرَ وَمُعَاذِ بْنِ عَفْرَآءَ دَرْءٌ There was, between ʼOmar and Mo'ádh Ibn-'Afrà, a contending, and a mutual pushing or thrusting,, &c. (Mgh.) And دَرَأَ عَنْهُمْ He repelled from them, or defended them; as also دَرَهَ, which is formed by substitution from the former, like هَرَاقَ from أَرَاقَ. (Ṣ in art. دره.) And دَرَأَ عَنْهُ الحَدَّ He averted (دَفَعَ) from him the prescribed castigation: (M, Mgh:) or he deferred his prescribed castigation: and in like manner the verb is used in relation to other things. (AZ, T.) It is said in a trad., اِدْرَؤُوا الحُدُودَ بِالشُّبُهَاتِ [Avert ye, or defer ye, the prescribed castigations on account of dubious circumstances]. (ISk, M, TA.) And اِدْرَؤُوا الحُدُودَ مَا ٱسْتَطَعْتُمْ [Avert ye, or defer ye, the prescribed castigations as long as ye are able]. (Ṣ, form a trad.)

See also 5.

دَرَأَ عَنِ البَعِيرِ الحَقَبَ is explained by Sh as meaning He pushed back the kind girth of the camel: but AM says that the correct meaning is, he spread the kind girth upon the ground, and made the camel to lie down upon it [in order that he might gird him]. (TA.) [For] دَرَأَ signifies also He spread, or laid flat, (Ḳ, TA,) a thing upon the ground. (TA.)

دَرَأَ الشَّىْءَ بِالشَّىْءَ He supported the thing by the thing; made the. thing to be a support to the thing. (TA.) [Hence,] دَرَأَ الحَائِطَ بِبِنَآءٍ He conjoined the wall with a structure [so as to support the former by the latter]. (TA.)

دَرَأَ بِحَجَرٍ He cast a stone; like رَدَأَ. (TA.) You say, دَرَأَهُ بِحَجَر and رَدَأَهُ بِهِ He cast a stone at him. (M in art. ردأ.)

دَرَأَ said of a torrent, (Ḳ,) inf. n. دَرْءٌ, (TA,) ‡ It rushed, or poured forth with vehemence; as alsoاندرأ↓. (Ḳ.) And دَرَأَ الوَادِى بِالسَّيْلِ † The valley poured along the torrent. (TA.) [See also دَرْءٌ, below.]

دَرَأَ, (Ḳ,) inf. n. دُرُوْءٌ, (TA,) is syn. with طَرَأَ [He came from a place, or from a distant place, unexpectedly;, &c.]. (Ḳ.) And you say, دَرَأَ عَلَيْنَا فُلَانٌ, (T, Ṣ, Ḳ,* TA,) inf. n. دُرُوْءٌ (Ṣ, TA) and دَرْءٌ; (TA;) andاندرأ↓ (Ṣ, TA) andتدرّأ↓; (TA;) Such a one came, or came forth, upon us unexpectedly, (T, Ṣ, Ḳ,* TA,) or whence we knew not; as also طَرَأَ, (T,) and دَرَهَ. (IAạr, TA in art. دره.) Andاندرأ↓ عَلَيْهِ بِشَرٍّ, vulg. اندرى, He came upon him suddenly with evil, or mischief. (TA.)

Hence, i. e. from دَرَأَ signifying “he came, or came forth, unexpectedly,” (T, Ṣ, TA,) دَرَأَ, inf. n. دُرُوْءٌ, said of a star, meaning ‡ It shone, or glistened, (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) intensely, (Ṣ, TA,) and its light spread: (TA:) or, as some say, it rose. (T.) [Hence also,] دَرَأَتِ النَّارُ † The fire gave light, shone, was bright, or shone brightly. (Sh, Ḳ.)

دَرَأَ, (T, Ṣ, Ḳ,) aor. ـَ {يَدْرَأُ}, (T,) inf. n. دُرُوْءٌ, (T, Ṣ,) He (a camel) had what is termed the غُدَّة, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) i. e. the plague, or pestilence, (طَاعُون,) of camels, (T,) and had therewith a tumour in his back, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or in his نَحْر [or stabbing-place, in the uppermost part of the breast]: but in a female, it is in the udder: (TA:) or had a tumour in his نَحْر. (IAạr, T.) The epithet applied to the male is دَارِئٌ↓: and so, accord. to ISk, to the female, (T, Ṣ,) meaning Attacked by the غُدَّة in her مَرَاق, (T, and so in a copy of the Ṣ,) thus, without teshdeed to the ق, signifying the part, of her throat, which is the place of passage of the water, (T, TA,) or in her مَرَاقّ [or thin and soft parts of the belly], (so in one of my copies of the Ṣ,) so that the protuberance of the غُدَّة [or pestilential tumour] is apparent: which protuberance is termed دَرْءٌ↓. (T, Ṣ.)

مُدَارَأَةٌ, primarily, (TA,) signifies The act of opposing; and repelling, or striving to repel: (Ṣ, TA:) or treating in an evil, or adverse, manner; and opposing: (AʼObeyd, TA:) or the putting one off in the matter of a right or due, by promising to render it time after time; and treating in an evil, or adverse, and a contrary, manner. (Mgh in arts. درى and شرى.) One says, دَرَأْتُهُ I repelled him, or strove to repel him. (T, Mṣb, Ḳ.) And فُلَانٌ لَا يُدَارِئُ وَلَا يُمَارِى, (Ṣ, TA,) i. e. Such a one does not act in an evil, or adverse, manner, nor oppose, [nor does he wrangle, or dispute obstinately:] and لا يُدَارِى, meaning, accord. to Ṣgh, if for لا يُدَارِئُ, does not repel, or strive to repel, him who has a right from his right. (TA.)

Accord. to El-Aḥmar, in [the exercise of] good disposition, (T, Ṣ,) and in social intercourse, (Ṣ,) it is with and without ء; (T, Ṣ;) contr. to the assertion of AʼObeyd, who says that in this case it is without ء. (T.) [F says,] دَارَأْتُهُ is syn. with دَارَيْتُهُ and دَافَعْتُهُ and لَايَنْتُهُ [the second of which has a meaning explained above; the first and last meaning I treated him with gentleness or blandishment, soothed him, coaxed him, or wheedled him;, &c.]; thus bearing two contr. significations: (Ḳ:) [or] دَرَأْتُهُ and دَارَيْتُهُ both signify I was fearful, or cautious, of him; and treated him with gentleness or blandishment, or soothed him, coaxed him, wheedled him, or cajoled him: (Ṣ:) [but Az says,] I say that the verb with ء means I was fearful, or cautious, of him, as says AZ; or of his evil, or mischief: and دَارَيْتُ signifies “I deceived, deluded, beguiled, circumvented, or outwitted;” as also دَرَيْتُ. (T.)

أَدْرَأَتْ بِضَرْعِهَا, (AZ, T, Ṣ,) inf. n. إِدْرَآءٌ, (AZ, T,) [as also اذرأت, with ذ,] She (a camel) excerned (أَنْزَلَتْ) the milk, (AZ, T, Ṣ,) and relaxed her udder, on the occasion of bringing forth. (AZ, Ṣ.) The epithet applied to the she-camel so doing is مُدْرِئٌ↓. (AZ, T, Ṣ, Ḳ.)

see 1.

تدرّأ عَلَيْنَا He domineered over us. (Ṣ.) And تدرّؤوا عَلَيْهِمْ They domineered over them, (Ḳ, TA,) and aided one another against them. (TA.)

تدرّؤوا, (M, Ḳ, TA,) andاِدَّرَؤُوا↓ دَرِيْئَةً, (TA,) They concealed themselves from a thing in order to beguile it, or circumvent it: (M, Ḳ, TA:) or they made use of a ذَرِيعَة [or دَرِيْئَة] for hunting and spearing or thrusting [or shooting objects of the chase]: (TA:) andادّرأتُ↓ لِلصَّيْدِ, (Ṣ,) or الصَّيْدِ, (Ḳ,) I prepared for myself a دَرِيئَة for the chase: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) andدَرَأَ↓ الدَّرِيْئَةَ لِلصَّيْدِ, aor. ـَ {يَدْرَأُ}, inf. n. دَرْءٌ, He drove the دريئة to the chase, and concealed himself by it. (M.)

تدارؤوا They repelled, or strove to repel, one another (M, Mṣb, Ḳ) in contention, or altercation, (M, Ḳ,) and the like; and disagreed. (M.) اِدَّارَأْتُمْ is originally تَدَارَأْتُمْ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) the ت being incorporated into the د, (Ṣ, TA,) because they have the same place of utterance, (TA,) and the ا being added to commence the word: (Ṣ, TA:) the meaning is, Ye disagreed; and repelled, or strove to repel, one another. (Ṣ.) فَٱدَّارَأْتُمْ فِيهَا, in the Ḳur ii. 67, means And ye contended together respecting it; because those who contend repel one another: or ye repelled, or strove to repel, one another, by each of you casting the slaughter upon his fellow. (Bḍ.)

see 1, in three places.

The phrase الحُدُودُ تَنْدَرِئُ بِالشُّبُهَاتِ [The prescribed castigations shall be, or are to be, averted, or deferred, on account of dubious circumstances,] is agreeable with analogy, but has not been heard [from the Arabs of classical times]. (Mgh.)

اندرأ الحَرِيقُ The fire [of a burning house, &c.] spread, (Ḳ, TA,) and gave light, shone, was bright, or shone brightly. (TA.)

دَرْءٌ and inf. n. of 1 in senses pointed out above. (Ṣ, M, &c.) So of that verb said of a torrent. (TA.) [Hence,] جَآئَ السَّيْلُ دَرْءًا andدُرْءًا↓ The torrent rushed, or poured forth with vehemence, [or came rushing,, &c.,] from a place, (M, Ḳ,) or from a distant place, (TA,) unknown: (M, Ḳ, TA:) or the latter signifies the torrent came from a distant land or tract. (Ṣ.) Andجَآءَ الوَادِى دُرْءًا↓ The valley flowed with the rain of another valley: if with its own rain, you say, سَالَ ظَهْرًا: (IAạr, M; and the like is said in the TA in the present art. and in art. ظهر:) or سال دُرْءًا means it flowed with other than its own rain; and ظَهْرًا, “with its own rain.” (TA in art. ظهر.) Henceالدُّرْءُ↓ has been metaphorically used by a rájiz to signify ‡ The flowing of water from the mouths of camels into their insides. (M.)

A bending; (TA;) a crookedness, or curvity; (Ṣ, M, Ḳ, TA;) in a cane, or spearshaft, and the like; (M, Ḳ;) or in a staff, and anything that is hard to straighten: (T, TA:) pl. دُرُوْءٌ. (M.) One says, أَقَمْتُ دَرْءٌ فُلَانٍ † I rectified the crookedness and opposition, or resistance, of such a one. (Ṣ.) And hence, بِئْرٌ ذَاتُ دَرْءٍ A well having a part [of its shaft] projecting, or protuberant. (Ṣ, O.) And طَرِيقٌ ذُو دُرُوْءٍ A road having furrows, (M,* Ḳ,*) or abrupt, water-worn, ridges, (T, Ṣ, M,) and protuberances, and the like. (T.)

The extremity, or edge, of a thing; because it repels therewith. (Ḥam p. 213.)

A portion of a mountain that projects, or juts out, from the rest, (M, Ḳ, TA, and Ham p. 213 in explanation of the pl.,) unexpectedly: (TA:) pl. as above. (M.)

See also 1, last sentence.

Also † Disobedience, and resistance, and hatred, or dislike, (T, TA,) and crookedness, (T,) and disagreement, on the part of a wife. (T, TA.)

دَرِيْئَةٌ A ring by aiming at which one learns to pierce or thrust [with the spear] (Ṣ, M, Ḳ) and to shoot: (T,* M, Ḳ:) said by Aṣ to be with ء: (Ṣ:) and also called وَتِيرَةٌ. (Ṣ in art. وتر.) ʼAmr Ibn-Maadee-Kerib says,

* ظَلِلْتُ كَأَنِّى لِلرِّمَاحِ دَرِيْئَةٌ *

* أُقَاتِلُ عَنْ أَبْنَآءَ جَرْمٍ وَفَرَّتِ *

[I passed the day as though I were a ring for the spears to be aimed at, fighting in defence of the sons of Jarm, when they had fled]. (T, Ṣ, M. [See also Ḥam p. 75, where it is written دَرِيَّةٌ.])

Also A camel, (T, Ṣ,) or other thing, (Ṣ,) or anything, (M, Ḳ,) by which one conceals himself (T, Ṣ, M, Ḳ) from the wild animals, (T,) or from the objects of the chase, (Ṣ,* M, Ḳ,) in order that they may be circumvented, (T, Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) so that when the man is able to shoot, or cast, he does so: (T, Ṣ:) like ذَرِيعَةٌ: (Ṣ in art. ذرع:) accord. to AZ, it is with ء, (Ṣ,) because the دريئة is driven (تُدْرَأُ, i. e. تُدْفَعُ,) towards the objects of the chase: (T,* Ṣ:) but IAth says that it is دَرِيَّةٌ, without ء; and that it signifies an animal by means of which the sportsman conceals himself, leaving it to pasture with the wild animals until they have become familiar with it and so rendered accessible to him, when he shoots, or casts, at them: (TA:) the pl. of دَرِيْئَةٌ is دَرَايَا and دَرَائئُ with two hemzehs, each of them extr. [with respect to analogy]. (M, TA.)

كَوْكَبٌ دِرِّىْءٌ, (T, Ṣ, Ḳ, &c.,) like خِمِّيرٌ and سِكِّيرٌ (Ṣ) or سِكِّينٌ, (Ḳ,) from دَرَأَ عَلَيْنَا فُلَانٌ; (Ṣ;) andدُرِّىْءٌ↓, (M, Ḳ,) the only instance of the measure فُعِّيلٌ except مُرِّيقٌ; (Ḳ;) [which latter word has been mistaken by Golius and Freytag for a noun qualified by the epithet درّىء;] but AʼObeyd says that when it is pronounced with the first letter madmoomeh it is دُرِّىٌّ, without ء, a rel. n. from دُرٌّ, of the measure فُعْلِىٌّ, [and the like is said in the Ḳ, though دُرِّىْءٌ is also there mentioned as correct,] because there is not [to his knowledge] in the language of the Arabs any word of the measure فُعِّيلٌ; and that he who pronounces it [دُرِّىْءٌ] with ء means that it is [originally of the measure] فُعُّولٌ, like سُبُّوحٌ, and that one of its vowels is changed to kesr because it is deemed difficult of pronunciation; and Akh mentions also دَرِّىْءٌ↓, with ء, of the measure فَعِّيلٌ, with fet-ḥ to the first letter, (Ṣ, TA,) on the authority of Ḳatádeh and AA; (TA;) ‡ A star that shines, or glistens, (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) intensely: (Ṣ:) or a star that is impelled in its course from the east to the west: (M:) accord. to IAạr, [a shooting star;] a star that is impelled (يُدْرَأُ) against the devil [or a devil; for the Arabs believed, and still believe, that a shooting star is one that is darted against a devil when he attempts to hear by stealth the discourse of the angels in the lowest heaven]: (T, TA:) and said by some to signify one of the five planets: (TA in art. در:) pl. دَرَارِىْءُ; (T, Ṣ, M;) said by Fr to be applied by the Arabs to the great stars of which the names are not known. (Ṣ.)

دَارِئٌ Coming from a place, or from a distant place, unexpectedly: (M, TA: but only the pls. of the word in this sense are there mentioned:) an enemy showing open hostility, or coming forth into the field to encounter another in battle: and a stranger: (T:) pl. دُرَأٓءُ (T, M, TA) and دُرَّآءٌ. (M, TA.) People say, نَحْنُ فُقَرَآءُ دُرَأٓءُ [We are poor men, come from a distant place, or strangers]. (T, TA.)

See also 1, last sentence.

[Hence,] metaphorically used by Ru-beh as meaning ‡ Swollen with anger. (M, TA.)

السُّلْطَانُ ذُو تُدْرَأٍ, (Ṣ, M,* Ḳ,) andتُدْرَأَةٍ↓, (Ḳ,) accord. to different relations of a trad. in which it occurs, (TA,) The Sultán is possessed of apparatus [of war], (عُدَّة, Ṣ, and so in some copies of the Ḳ,) or might, (عِزّ, so in other copies of the Ḳ,) and power, to repel his enemies: (Ṣ, M,* Ḳ:*) accord. to IAth, ذو تدرأ signifies impetuous, not fearing or dreading; and so, having power to repel his enemies: (TA:) it is used in relation to war and contention. (M.) You say also, هُوَ ذُو تُدْرَأٍ and تُدْرَهٍ: and هُوَ ذُو تُدْرَئِهِمْ and تُدْرَهَهِمْ (TA in art. دره, q. v.)

مِدْرَأٌ A thing with which one pushes, or thrusts; or pushes, or thrusts, away, or back. (TA.) [Applied in the present day, pronounced مِدْرَا, without ء, to A boat-pole.]

ذَاتُ المِدْرَأَةِ The she-camel of violent spirit. (TA.)