Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

ذُبَحَ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ, &c.,) aor. ـَ {يَذْبَحُ}, (Ḳ,) inf. n. ذَبْحٌ (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ, &c.) and ذُبَاحٌ, (Ḳ,) He cut, or divided, lengthwise; clave; split; slit; rent, or rent open; ripped, or ripped open. (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ.) [Accord. to Fei,] this is the primary signification. (Mṣb.) [But see what follows.] You say, ذَبَحَ فَأْرَةَ المِسْكَ † He (a perfumer, A) ripped open the follicle, or vesicle, of mush, (A, TA,) and took forth the mush that was in it. (TA.) [In the A and TA this is said to be tropical; the authors evidently holding it to be from ذَبَحَ in the sense here next following.]

He slaughtered [for food, or sacrificed,] (L, TA) and animal, (Mṣb,) or a sheep or goat, (Ṣ, TA,) or an ox or a cow, and a sheep or goat, and the like, (Mgh,) [in the manner prescribed by the law, i. e.,] by cutting the وَدَجَانِ [or two external jugular veins], (Mgh,) or by cutting the throat, from beneath, at the part next the head: (L, TA:) accord. to the Ḳ, i. q. نَحَرَ: but correctly, الذَّبْحُ is in the throat; and النَّحْرُ is in the pit above the breast, between the collar-bones, where camels are stabbed: the latter word is used in relation to camels and bulls and cows; and the former, in relation to other animals: or, not improbably, both may have originally signified the causing the soul to depart by wounding the throat, or the pit above the breast, which is the stabbing-place in the camel; and may then have been applied in peculiar [and different] senses by the lawyers. (MF. [See also ذَكَاةٌ, in art. ذكو.]) Also † He slaughtered, or slew, in any manner. (L.) [You say, ذَبَحَ عَنْهُ He slaughtered, or sacrificed, for him, by way of expiation.] And ذَبَحَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا † [They slaughtered, or slew, one another]. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) And أَخَذَهُمْ بَنُو فُلَانٍ بِالذُّبَاحِ † The sons of such a one slaughtered, or slew, them. (TA.) Andذبّح↓ (inf. n. تَذْبِيحٌ, KL) signifies the same as ذَبَحَ, except that it applies [only] to many objects; whereas the latter applies to few and to many: thus it is said in the Ḳur [ii. 46, and in like manner in xiv. 6], يُذَبِّحُونَ أَبْنَآءَكُمْ † [They slaughtering, or slaying, your sons], accord. to the reading commonly obtaining. (Aboo-Is-ḥáḳ, TA.)

Hence, ‡ He killed; because الذَّبْحُ [in its proper sense, when the object is an animal,] is one of the quickest modes of killing. (TA.) It is said in a trad., (Mgh, TA,) cautioning against accepting the office of a Kádee, (Mgh,) مَنْ جُعِلَ قَاضِيًا بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فَكَأَنَّمَا ذُبِحَ بِغَيْرِ سِكِّينٍ ‡ [Whoso is made a Kádee among the people, he is as though he were slaughtered without a knife]: (Mgh, TA:*) expl. by some as meaning, ‡ he is as though he were killed [&c.]. (TA.)

[Hence, also, because الذَّبْحُ renders the flesh of an animal allowable, or lawful, as food,] ‡ It rendered allowable, or lawful: as salt and the sun and the fishes called نِينَان (pl. of نُونٌ) do wine, by changing its quality, as is said in a trad. (TA.)

Also ‡ He broached, or pierced, a دَنّ [or wine-jar, making a hole in the mouth, or removing the clay that closed the mouth], so as to draw forth the contents. (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ.)

And ‡ He, or it, choked. (Ḳ, TA.) You say, ذَبَحَتْهُ العَبْرَةُ ‡ Weeping choked him. (A, TA.)

And, said of thirst, ‡ It affected him severely, or distressed him. (A, TA.)

ذَبَحَتِ اللِّحْيَةُ فُلَانًا ‡ The beard flowed down beneath the chin of such a one so that the anterior portion of the part beneath his lower jaw was apparent: in which case, the man is said to beمَذْبُوحٌ↓ بِلِحْيَتِهِ. (Ḳ, TA.)

see 1.

تَذْبِيحٌ is [said to be] syn. with تَذْبِيحٌ, (Ḳ, TA,) in prayer: accord. to Hr, ذبّح رَأْسَهُ signifies He lowered his head, in inclining his body in prayer; like دبّح: and accord. to Lth, ذبّح signifies he lowered his head, in inclining his body in prayer, so that it became lower than his back: but Az says that this is a mistake, and that the correct word is دبّح, with the unpointed د. (TA.)

تذابحوا † They slaughtered, or slew, one another. (Ṣ, MA, Ḳ.) One says, التَّمَادُحُ التَّذَابُحُ ‡ [Mutual praising is mutual slaughtering]. (Ṣ, A.)

اِذَّبَحَ He took, or prepared, for himself a slaughtered [or sacrificed] animal. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

ذِبْحٌ An animal prepared for slaughter [or sacrifice; i. e. an intended victim]: (T, A, Mṣb, TA:) [see also ذَبِيحٌ, which occurs in this sense in a trad. as applied to a human being:] or an animal that is slaughtered [or sacrificed]; (Ṣ, Mgh, Ḳ, TA;) and soذَبِيحَةٌ↓; (Mgh, Mṣb;) or this signifies a slaughtered [or sacrificed] sheep or goat; (TA;) and is [nominally] fem. of ذَبِيحٌ, but the ة is affixed only because the quality of a subst. is predominant in it: (Ṣ:) or the ذَبِيحٌ is added to denote that the word is applied to a sheep, or goat, [to be slaughtered or sacrificed,] not yet slaughtered [or sacrificed]; and when the act has been executed upon it, it is [said to be] ذَبِيحٌ: (M, voce رَمِيَّةٌ:) ذِبْحٌ is applied to an animal that is slaughtered either as a sacrifice on the occasion of the pilgrimage or otherwise; and is like طِحْنٌ in the sense of مَطْحُونٌ, and عِطْفٌ in the sense of مَعْطُوفٌ, &c.: (TA:) the pl. ofذَبِيحَةٌ↓ is ذَبَائِحُ. (Mgh, Mṣb.) It is said in the Ḳur [xxxvii. 107], وَفَدَيْنَاهُ بِدِبْحٍ عَظِيمٍ [And we ransomed him with a great victim]. (Ṣ, A.) ذَبَائِحُ↓ الجِنِّ means Animals sacrificed to the Jinn, or Genii: for it was customary for a man, when he bought a house, or drew forth [for the first time] the water of a spring, and the like, to sacrifice an animal to the Jinn with the view of avoiding ill luck, (A, TA,) lest some disagreeable accident should happen to him from the Jinn thereof: (A:) and the doing this is forbidden. (A, TA.)

See also ذُبَحَةٌ.

ذُبَحٌ A certain plant which ostriches eat: (Ṣ:) this word andذِبَحٌ↓ signify the plant called الجَزَرُ البَّرىُّ, (Ḳ, TA,) which is of a red colour: and, accord. to the Ḳ, another plant: but correctly a red plant (نَبْتٌ أَحْمَرُ, not نبت آخَرُ,) having a stem, or root, (أَصْلٌ) from which is peeled off a black peel, whereupon there is taken forth a white substance, resembling a white خزرة [or bead, but perhaps this is a mistranscription for جَزَرَة, i. e. a carrot], which is sweet and good, and is eaten: [each word is a coll. gen. n.;] and the n. un. is ذُبَحَةٌ and ذِبَحَةٌ: so says AḤn, on the authority of Fr: and he says also, on the authority of AA, that the ذُبَحَة is a tree that grows upon a stem, and in a manner resembling the كراث [app. كَرَاث, not كُرَّاث], and then has a yellow flower; its root is like a جزرة [i. e. جَزَرَة, or carrot], and it is sweet, and of a red colour: (TA:) or the ذُبَح is a plant having a stem, or root, (أَصْلٌ,) which is peeled, and there comes forth what resembles the جِزر [i. e. جِزَر or جَزَر, meaning carrot]; and a black skin is peeled from it; and it is sweet, and is eaten; and has a red flower. (Ḥam p. 777.)

Also, andذِبَحٌ↓, (Ḳ,) the former the more common, (Th, TA,) A species of the كَمْأَةٌ [or truffle], (Ḳ,) of a white colour. (TA.)

See also ذُبَاحٌ.

ذِبْحَةٌ A mode, or manner, of ذَبْح [i. e. slaughter, such as is described in the first paragraph of this art.]. (Mgh.)

See also what here next follows.

ذُبَحَةٌ (AZ, Ṣ, A, Ḳ) andذُبْحَهٌ↓, (Aṣ, A, Ḳ,) but this latter, which is used by the vulgar, was unknown to AZ, (Ṣ,) andذُبَاحٌ↓ (A, Ḳ) andذِبَحَةٌ↓ andذِبْحَةٌ↓ andذِبَاحٌ↓ (Ḳ) andذِبْحٌ↓, (TA,) A disease, (T, A,) or pain, (AZ, Ṣ, Ḳ,) in the حَلْق [or fauces], (AZ, T, Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) which sometimes kills: (T:) or blood which chokes and kills: (Ḳ:) or an ulcer that comes forth in the حَلْق [or fauces] of a man, like the ذِئْبَة that attacks the ass: (ISh, TA:) or an ulcer that appears in that part, obstructing it, and stopping the breath, and killing. (TA.) One says, أَخَذَتْهُ الذُّبَحَةُ [The ذبحة attacked him]. (Ṣ.) Andالطَّمَعُ ذُبَاحٌ↓ ‡ Covetousness is [like] a disease in the fauces: or a poisonous plant. (A.) And كَانَ ذٰلِكَ مِثْلَ الذُّبَحَةِ عَلَى النَّحْرِ [That was like the disease called ذبحة in the uppermost part of the breast]: a prov., applied to the case of a man whom one imagines to be a sincere friend, and who proves to be an evident enemy: (TA:) or كَانَ مِثْلَ الذُّبَحَةِ الخ He was like the ذبحة, &c., a disease in the حَلْق, which does not quit the patient externally, and hurts him internally: said by him to whom you complain of one whom you imagined to be a sincere friend, and whose affection was outward, when his deceit has become manifest. (Meyd.)

دُبَحَةٌ is also the n. un. of ذُبَحٌ [q. v.]. (Fr, AḤn.)

ذِبَحَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

It is also the n. un. of ذِبَحٌ [q. v. voce ذُبَحٌ]. (Fr, AḤn.)

ذُبَاحٌ A certain poisonous plant, (A, Ḳ, TA,) that kills the eater of it; as alsoذُبَحٌ↓. (TA.) One says, الطَّمَعُ.ذُبَاحٌ: see ذُبَحَةٌ, in two places.

[Hence,] مَوْتٌ ذُبَاحٌ † A quick, or sudden, death. (L.)

See also ذُبَّاحٌ.

ذَبِيحٌ andمَذْبُوحٌ↓ signify the same [i. e. Cut, or divided, lengthwise;, &c.: see 1]. (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ, TA.) You say مِسْكٌ ذَبِيحٌ [for ذَبِيحٌ فَأْرَتُهُ], meaning † [Musk of which the follicle, or vesicle, is] ripped open. (A. [It is there said to be tropical: but see 1.])

Both are [also] applied to an animal, (Mṣb,) or a sheep or goat, (TA,) [or an animal of the ox-kind, and a sheep or goat, and the like, (see 1,)] as meaning Slaughtered, in the manner described in the first paragraph of this art.: (TA:) the fem. of ذَبِيحٌ is with ة { ذَبِيحَةٌ}: (Ṣ, TA: [see ذَبِيحَةٌ below:]) but ذَبِيحٌ is used as a fem. epithet without the addition of ة: you say شَاةٌ ذَبِيحٌ as well as كَبْشٌ ذَبِيحٌ, because ذَبِيحٌ is an instance of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ; though you say شاة ذَبِيحَةٌ also; and in like manner نَاقَةٌ: the pl. [of ذَبِيحٌ] is ذَبْحَى and ذَبَاحَى and [that of ذَبِيحَةٌ is] ذَبَائِحُ. (TA.) Aboo-Dhu-eyb says, describing wine,

* يُقَالُ لَهَا دَمُ الوَدَجِ الذَّبِيحُ *

meaning المَذْبُوحُ عَنْهُ, i. e. [One would call it the blood of the external jugular vein,] for which it had been slit [to let it flow]. (AAF, TA.) And again he says,

* وَسِرْبٍ تَطَلَّى بِالعَبِيرِ كَأَنَّهُ *

* دِمَآءُ ظِبَآءُ بِالنُّحُورِ ذَبِيحُ *

[app. meaning And many a bevy of women rubbed over with perfume compounded with saffron, as though it were the blood of gazelles, the gazelles whereof had been slaughtered in the upper parts of the breasts]: he applies ذبيح as an epithet to دمآء, meaning ذَبِيحٌ ظِبَاؤُهُ; and he applies it as an epithet to a pl. n. because it is of the measure فَعِيلٌ [in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ], for such an epithet is applicable to masc. and fem. and sing. and pl. nouns. (TA.)

ذَبِيحٌ also signifies An animal that is fit, or proper, to be slaughtered as a sacrifice: (ISk, Ṣ, Ḳ:) [or that is destined, or prepared, for sacrifice; i. e., an intended victim; like ذِبْحٌ; as appears from the fact that] الذَّبِيحُ is † a surname of Ismá'eel, or Ishmael; (Ḳ,* TA;) for, accord. to some [or rather the generality] of the Muslims, he was the son whom Abraham designed to sacrifice, though others say it was Isaac: (TA:) and أَنَا ٱبْنُ الذَّبِيحَيْنِ occurs in a trad. [as said by Moḥammad, meaning † I am the son of the two intended victims; namely, Ismá'eel and ʼAbd-Allah]; for ʼAbd-El-Muttalib incurred the obligation to sacrifice his son ʼAbd-Allah, the father of the Prophet, by reason of a vow, and ransomed him with a hundred camels. (Ḳ,* TA.)

Also ‡ A slain man. (A.)

[ذَبَّاحٌ One whose occupation, or habit, is that of slaughtering sheep or the like.]

[And, in the present day, † An executioner.]

ذُبَّاحٌ (T, Ṣ, Ḳ) and sometimes ذُبَاحٌ↓, without teshdeed, (T, Ḳ,) the former the more common, (T, Ḳ,) but disallowed by AHeyth, who holds it to be one of the words of the measure فُعَالٌ denoting diseases, (TA,) ‡ Cracks in the inner [i. e. lower] sides of the toes, (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) next the fore part of the foot: (TA:) or a cut across the inner sides of the toes: (Ibn-Buzurj, T:) or a crack in the inner side, or sole, of the foot: (IAạr, TA voce نَكْبَةٌ:) pl. ذَبَابِيحُ. (TA.) Hence the saying, مَا دُونَهُ شَوْكَةٌ وَلَا ذُبَّاحٌ ‡ [There is not in the way of its attainment a thorn nor are there any cracks in the inner sides of the toes,, &c.: see also نَكْبَةٌ]. (Ṣ, TA.)

ذَابِحٌ [act. part. n. of 1]. سَعْدُ الذَّابِحِ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or سَعْدٌ الذَّابِحُ, (so in one copy of the Ṣ,) † Two bright stars, between which is the space of a cubit (ذِرَاع), over against one of which (فِىنَحْرِ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا) is a small star that, by reason of its nearness, is as though it [app. meaning the bright star, or the pair of bright stars,] were about to slaughter it; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) whence the appellation of الذَّابِح: (Ṣ:) the two stars [alpha and beta] which are in one of the horns of Capricornus; so called because of the small adjacent star, which is said to be the sheep or goat (شاة) of الذابح, which he is about to slaughter: (Ḳzw:) it is one of the Mansions of the Moon; (Ṣ, Ḳzw;) [namely, the Twenty-second Mansion: see also art. سعد: some give this appellation to the Twenty-third Mansion: and some, to the Twenty-fifth; but the two stars above mentioned are clearly the Twenty-second, with the place of which they agree accord. to those who make النَّوءُ to signify “the auroral rising” and those who make it to signify “the auroral setting:” see مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل.] The Arabs [used to] say, إِذَا طَلَعَ الذَّابِحُ ٱنْجَحَرَ النَّابِحُ † [When الذابح rises aurorally, the barker enters, or betakes itself to, its hole: the period of its auroral rising, in Central Arabia, about the commencement of the era of the Flight, being the 16th of January, O. Ṣ.]. (TA.)

† A mark made with a hot iron across the throat: or † the instrument with which it is made. (L, Ḳ.)

† Hair growing between the part immediately beneath the lower jaw and the part [of the throat] in which an animal is slaughtered. (Ḳ.)

ذَابِحَةٌ, of the measure فَاعِلَةٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولَةٌ, [with ة affixed because the quality of a subst. is predominant in it,] Any animal which it is allowable to slaughter, of camels, and bulls or cows, and sheep or goats, &c. (TA.)

مَذْبَحٌ The place of [the slaughter termed] الذَّبْح: (Ḳ:) i. e. the place, or spot of ground, where الذبح is performed: and the part of the throat which is the place of الذبح, which is that below the part beneath the lower jaw; (MF, TA;) or the حُلْقُوم [i. e. windpipe]. (Mṣb.)

‡ The chancel of a church; i. e. the part of a church that is like the مِحْرَاب of a mosque: (A,* Ḳ,* Mṣb:) pl. مَذَابِحُ: (A, Mṣb, Ḳ:) the مَذَابِح are the مَحَارِيب (Ṣ, A, Ḳ) of the Christians; (A;) so called because of the oblations (قَرَابِين) there offered; (Ṣ, TA;) the مَقَاصِير (Ḳ, TA) in churches, pl. of مَقْصُورَةٌ; said to be the same as the محاريب: (TA:) and the places, (A,) or chambers, (Ḳ,) of the books of the Christians. (A, Ḳ.)

‡ A trench (Ṣ, A, Ḳ) in the earth, measuring a span or the like [in width], (Ṣ, Ḳ,) such as is made by a torrent: (Ṣ, A:) the channel of a torrent in the lower part of the face of a mountain, or in a plain depressed tract, in width equal to the space measured by the extension of the thumb and first finger or little finger; and sometimes it is a natural trench in a plain tract of land, like a river, in which flows the water of that land: it is in all descriptions of land; in valleys, &c., and in depressed tracts: (L:) and a kind of river; as though it clave [the earth] or were cleft: (TA:) pl. مَذَابِحُ. (Ṣ, A, L.) You say, غَادَرَ السَّيْلُ فِى الأَرْضِ مَذَابِحَ † [The torrent left in the ground trenches about a span wide]. (Ṣ.)

مِذْبَحٌ A knife with which [the slaughter termed] الذَّبْح is performed: (Mṣb:) or a thing with which an animal is slaughtered in the manner termed ذَبْح, (T, Ḳ,*) whether it be a knife or some other thing. (T.)

مَذْبُوحٌ: see ذَبِيحٌ.

[Hence,] † Clean, or pure; not requiring to be slaughtered; [as though it had been already slaughtered;] an epithet applied in a trad. to everything in the sea. (TA.)

See also 1, last sentence.