Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

ذَاقَهُ, (Ḳ,) first pers. ذُقْتُهُ, aor. أَذُوقْهُ, (Ṣ, Mṣb,) inf. n. ذَوْقٌ and ذَوَاقٌ and مَذَاقٌ (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ) and مَذَاقَةٌ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) He tasted it; i. e., perceived its taste, by means of the moisture of the tongue: (Mṣb:) or he tried, or knew, its taste: (Ḳ:) it is originally said of that of which little is taken: when much is taken, the term أَكْلٌ is used [and one says أَكَلَهُ]: andتذاوقهُ↓ signifies the same as ذَاقَهُ. (TA.) You say, ذُقْتُ الشَّىْءَ [I tasted the thing], (Ṣ,) or الطَّعَامَ [the food]. (Mṣb.) And يَوْمٌ مَا ذُقْتُهُ طَعَامًا, meaning مَا ذُقْتُ فِيهِ [i. e. A day in which I tasted not food]. (TA.)

By amplification, الذَّوْقُ is used to signify † The perceiving, beside tastes, all other objects of the senses, and states or conditions: (Bḍ in iii. 177:) it is not restricted to the sense of the mouth [or tongue] in the language of the Ḳur-án nor in the [genuine or classical] language of the [Pagan] Arabs. (TA.) Hence, in the Ḳur iii. 177, ذُوقُوا عَذَابَ الحَرِيقِ † [Taste ye the punishment of burning]: (Bḍ, TA:) for, although, in the common conventional acceptation, the verb relates to what is little in quantity, it is regarded as suitable to be used in relation to what is much. (TA.) One says also, فُلَانٌ ذَاقَ كَذَا وَأَنَا أَكَلْتُهُ [lit. Such a one tasted such a thing, and I ate it;] meaning † such a one knew, or tried or tested, such a thing, and I knew it, or tried it or tested it, more. (TA.) ذُقْتُ الشَّىْءَ means † I tried, or tested, the thing. (Mṣb.) And hence one says, ذاق فُلَانٌ البَأْسَ † Such a one experienced harm,, &c.; i. e., knew it by its befalling him. (Mṣb.) And ذُقْتُ مَا عِنْدَ فُلَانٍ † I knew, or tried or tested, what [qualities, &c.] such a one possessed; (Ṣ, TA;) and so ذُقْتُ فُلَانًا. (TA.) And ذَاقَ الرَّجُلُ عُسَيْلَةَ المَرْأَةِ وَذَاقَتْ عُسَيْلَتَهُ † The man [tasted or] experienced the sweetness of the carnal enjoyment of the woman, and she in like manner. (Mṣb.) And ذاق طَعْمَ الإِيمَانِ † He tasted, or experienced, the savour of faith with his heart, like as the mouth tastes, or experiences, the savour of food and drink. (TA from a trad.) And ذُقْتُ كَذِبَهُ وَخَبَرْتُ حَالَهُ ‡ [I experienced his lying, and knew his condition]. (TA.) And ذَاقَتْهَا يَدِى, and ذَاقَتْ فُلَانَةَ, ‡ My hand felt her, and felt such a female. (TA.)

ذاق القَوْسَ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) inf. n. ذَوْقٌ; (TA;) [andذَوَّقَهَا↓; (so in Freytag's Lex. from the Deewán el-Hudhaleeyeen;)] ‡ He pulled the string of the bow (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA) for the purpose of trial, (Ḳ, TA,) that he might see what was its strength. (Ṣ, TA.)

الذَّوْقُ↓ is also employed to signify † [Taste, as meaning intellectual discernment and relish; i. e.] the faculty that is adapted to the acquisition of matters of knowledge, considered as being, in its perfection of perception, like sensation, regarded as a natural property; and particularly that [faculty] which concerns the niceties of language; because it [i. e. nice language] is, to the soul of man, like delicious intellectual food. (Kull. [When used as a subst in this sense, its pl. is أَذْوَاقٌ.]) One says, هُوَحَسَنُ الذَّوْقِ لِلشِّعْرِ, meaning ‡ He has a good [taste or] natural faculty for poetry. (TA.)

[Also † Voluptuousness; sensuality: see ذَوَّاقٌ.]

ذوّقهُ [He gave him something to taste]: it is like لَمَّجَهُ. (M and TA in art. لمظ.)

See also 1, in the latter half of the paragraph.

أَذَقْتُهُ الطَّعَامَ, (Mṣb, Ḳ,*) inf. n. إِذَاقَةٌ, (TA,) I made him to taste the food; i. e., to perceive its taste by means of the moisture of the tongue: (Mṣb:) or I made him to try, or know, the taste [of the food]. (Ḳ.)

[Hence,] أَذَاقَهُ ٱللّٰهُ وَبَالَ أَمْرِهِ † [God made him to taste, or experience, the evil result of his affair]. (Ṣ.) It is said in the Ḳur [xvi. 113], فَأَذَاقَهَاٱللّٰهُ لِبَاسَ الجُوْعِ وَالخَوْفِ † [So God made her to taste, or experience, the utmost degree of hunger and of fear]: the verb is here used with لِبَاس because meant to convey the meaning of experiencing: or the sentence is elliptical, and means, made them to taste, or experience, hunger and fear, and clad them with the clothing thereof. (TA.) And in the same [xlii. 47], إِذَا أَذَقْنَا الإِنْسَانُ مِنَّا رَحْمَةً † [When we make man to taste, or experience, mercy from us]; where, afterwards, الإِصَابَةٌ is opposed to الإِذَاقَةٌ, in the words وَإِنْ تُصِبْهُمْ سَيِّئَةٌ. (TA.)

أَذَاقَ زَيْدٌ بَعْدَكَ كَرَمًا means ‡ Zeyd became generous [after thee, i. e. after thou knewest him, or sawest him, or wast with him]: (Aboo-Hamzeh, Ḳ, TA:) [lit., made people to taste generosity:] and اذاق الفَرَسُ بَعْدَكَ عَدْوًا ‡ The horse became a good runner [after thee, i. e. after thou knewest him,, &c.] (Aboo-Hamzeh, TA.)

تذوّقهُ He tasted it (ذَاقَهُ, Ṣ, Ḳ) by degrees, (Ṣ,) or repeatedly. (Ḳ.)

[Hence,] دَعْنِى أَتَذَوَّقُ طَعْمَ فُلَانٍ ‡ [Let me try, or test, the character of such a one]. (TA.) And تَذَوَّقْتُ طَعْمَ فِرَاقِهِ ‡ [I tasted, or experienced, the savour of his separation]. (TA.)

see 1, first sentence. [The primary signification of تَذَاوُقٌ seems to be The tasting a thing one with another.]

[And hence,] تذاوقوا الرِّمَاحَ i. q. تَنَاوَلُوهَا ‡ [They took the spears, one from another, app. to test their qualities: see ذَاقَ القَوْسَ, above]. (Ḳ, TA.) Ibn-Mukbil says,

* أَوْ كَٱهْتِزَازِ رُدَيْنِىٍّ تَذَاوَقَهُ *

* أَيْدِى التِجَارِ فَزَادُوا مَتْنَهُ لِينَا *

‡ [Or like the quivering of a well-straightened spear (lit. a spear of Rudeyneh, a woman famous for the straightening of spear-shafts, accord. to the explanation commonly received,) which the hands of the dealers have taken, one from another, to test its quality, so that they have made the middle of it to increase in suppleness]. (TA.)

اِسْتَذَاقَ فُلَانًا خُبْرَهُ فَلَمْ يَحْمَدْ مَخْبَرَتَهُ ‡ [app. He endeavoured to test such a one, to ascertain the knowledge of his internal state, and did not approve his internal state: see the pass, part. n. below]. (TA, in which خبره is without any syllabical signs.)

استذاق الأَمْرُ لِفُلَانٍ ‡ The affair was, or became, easy, or feasible, to such a one. (JK, TA.) You say, لَا يَسْتَذِيقُ لِىَ الشِّعْرُ إِلَّ فِى فُلَانِ ‡ [Poetry, or versification, will not be easy, or feasible, to me, except in relation to such a one]. (TA.)

ذَوْقٌ an inf. n. used as a simple subst.; pl. أَذْوَاقٌ: see 1, in the latter part of the paragraph.

ذَوَاقٌ an inf. n.: and also a subst. signifying A thing that is tasted; (JM, TA;*) of the measure فَعَالٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ. (TA.) It is said of Moḥammad, لَمْ يَكُنْ يَذُمُّ ذَوَاقًا وَلَا يَمْدَحُهُ, i. e. [He used not to praise] what was tasted [by him nor to dispraise it]. (JM.) And one says, مَا ذُقْتُ ذَوَاقًا, meaning I tasted not anything. (Ṣ, Ḳ.*)

Hence it is said in a trad., كَانُوا إِذَا خَرَجُوا مِنْ عِنْدِهِ لَا يَتَفَرَّقُونَ إِلَّا عَنْ ذَوَاقٍ, i. e. † [They used, when they went forth from his (Moḥammad's) presence, not to disperse themselves save after receiving] knowledge and discipline that were, to their minds and souls, as food and drink to their bodies. (JM.)

ذَوَّاقٌ † That contracts new marriages time after time: (JM:) quick in marrying and quick in divorcing: (TA:) that conceives frequent disgust (مَلُولٌ, Ṣ, JM, and Ḥar p. 569), not remaining [long] in one state with respect to marriage, &c.: fem. with ة {ذَوَّاقَةٌ}. (Ḥar ubi suprà.) Hence the saying, in a trad., إِنَّ ٱللّٰهَ لَا يُحِبُّ الذَّوَّاقِينَ وَلَا الذَّوَّقَاتِ † [Verily God will not love those men who frequently contract new marriages, nor those women who do so]. (JM, and Ḥar ubi suprà.)

مَذَاقٌ an inf. n.: and also a subst. (TA) signifying A place, or time, of tasting. (KL.)

أَمْرٌ مُسْتَذَاقٌ † A thing, or an affair, tried, or tested, and known: (Ṣ:) and in like manner رَجُلٌ [a man]. (JK.)