Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

رَبَضَ, (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. ـِ {يَرْبِضُ}, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. رُبُوضٌ (Ṣ, A, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ) and رَبْضٌ (Mṣb, Ḳ) and رَبْضَةٌ, (Ḳ,) [the last an inf. n. of un.,] said of the sheep and goat, (Ṣ, A, Mgh, Ḳ,) and of the gazelle, (Ṣ, A,) and of the ox-kind, and the horse, (Ṣ,) or beast, (Mṣb,) and of the dog, (Ṣ, A,) [signifying He lay down, or laid himself down, upon his breast,] is like بَرَكَ said of a camel, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) and جَثَمَ said of a bird, (Ṣ, TA,) or جَلَسَ said of a man. (Mgh.) Said of a man, it means [† He lay down: and he sat: or] he sat upon his knees: and it may also mean he sat upon his thighs and his buttocks. (Ḥar p. 172.) [And hence, † He remained fixed, or stationary, like an animal lying upon its breast; as is shown by what here follows: whence a signification of رَبَّضَ, q. v.] The saying of Moḥammad to Eḍ-Ḍaḥḥák, when he sent him to his people, إِذَا أَتَيْتَهُمْ فَٱرْبِضْ فِى دَارِهِمْ ظَبْيًا, means When thou comest to them, remain in their abode in security, or without fear, like the gazelle in his covert: (IAạr, ISd, Ḳ:) or trust them not, but be vigilant, like a wild animal, ready to spring up, for thou wilt be in the midst of the unbelievers; (Az, ISd, Ḳ;*) so, if anything induce in thee suspicion, thou mayest flee from them like the gazelle: (Az, ISd, TA:) accord. to each interpretation, ظبيا is in the accus. case as a denotative of state; the subst. being put in the place of the act. part. n., as though for مَتَظَبِّيًا: the former of the two explanations is said to be the more agreeable with the circumstances of the case. (TA.) You say also, رَبَضَ الأَسَدُ عَلَى فَرِيسَتِهِ, and القِرْنُ عَلَى قِرْنِهِ, The lion laid himself down upon his breast (بَرَكَ) on his prey, and the adversary on his adversary. (Ḳ.)

He (a beast) lodged, and abode, in a place. (TA.)

† He (a man) became heavy, and slept, stretched upon the ground. (TA.)

رَبَضَ عَنِ الغَنَمِ, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) inf. n. رُبُوضٌ, (Ṣ,) ‡ He (a ram) abstained from tupping, or covering the ewes, and avoided it, (Ṣ, A,* Ḳ,*) or them, (TA,) being fatigued: (Ṣ:) or was unable to cover them: (Ḳ:) one does not say, of a ram, جَفَرَ. (Ṣ.) You say also of a ewe when she is pregnant, قَدْ رُبِضَ عَنْهَا. (Ibn-ʼAbbád, A.) And you say of a man, رَبَضَ عَنْ مَعَالِى الأُمُورِ † He abstained, or held back, from seeking the means of acquiring eminence, or nobility. (TA.)

رَبَضَ اللَّيْلُ (A, Ḳ) ‡ The night cast its darkness [lit. itself (expl. by أَلْقَى بنَفْسِهِ) upon the earth]. (Ḳ.)

رَبَضَهُ, aor. ـِ {يَرْبِضُ} and ـُ {يَرْبُضُ}, (IAạr, O, Ḳ,) but the latter aor. was afterwards rejected by IAạr, (TA,) He betook himself, or repaired, to him for lodging, covert, or refuge. (IAạr, O, Ḳ.)

رَبَضَتْهُ, aor. ـِ {يَرْبِضُ}, and IAạr is related to have said ـُ also, but afterwards to have retracted it, ‡ She (a wife, or sister, or other woman,) undertook, or managed, his affairs, and gave him lodging, or refuge: (TA:) she was to him [as though she were] a رَبَض, or place of abode: like أَبَوْتُهُ “I was to him a father,” and أَمَمْتُهُ “I was to him a mother.” (A, TA.) [The aor. occurs in the Ḳ, in the phrase تَرْبِضُ زَوْجَهَا: thus in the TA: in the CK, تُرَبِّضُ: in the L, تَرْبُضُ; and thus also the aor. is written in a copy of the A.]

see 4.

رَبَّضْتُهُ بِالمَكَانِ, inf. n. تَرْبِيضٌ, † I fixed him, or made him to remain fixed, in the place. (TA.)

ربّض السِّقَآءَ بِالمَآءِ, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (Ḳ, TA,) [He made the skin to cleave to the ground with water; i. e.] he put into the skin as much water as covered and concealed its bottom: (Ḳ,* TA:) mentioned by Ṣgh, from Ibn-ʼAbbád. (TA.)

اربض He made a sheep, or goat, [&c., (see 1,)] to lie down upon his breast; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) as alsoربّض↓, inf. n. تَرْبِيضٌ. (TA.)

أَرْبَضَهُمْ ‡ It (a vessel, Ṣ, A, Ḳ, and beverage, or wine, A, TA) satisfied their thirst so that they became heavy, and slept, stretched upon the ground: (Ṣ,* A,* Ḳ:) ‡ it (milk) satiated them. (TA.)

اربضت الشَّمْسُ ‡ The sun became vehemently hot, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) so as to make the gazelle and the sheep or goat, (Ṣ,) or the wild animals, (A,) to lie down upon their breasts: (Ṣ, A:) or became still, like a beast lying upon its breast, having attained its utmost height and not begun to descend. (O.)

اربض أَهْلَهُ, (O, Ḳ,) and أَصْحَابَهُ, (O,) † He undertook, or managed, the expenses of his family, (O, Ḳ,) and of his companions; (O;) syn. قَامَ بنَفَقَتِهِمْ: (O, Ḳ:) so says Ibn-ʼAbbád. (TA.)

رُبْضٌ: see رَبَضٌ, in five places.

Also, accord. to Ks, (Ṣ,) and Aṣ, (Ṣgh, TA,) The middle of a thing: (Ṣ, Ṣgh, Ḳ:) but this is disapproved by Sh. (T, TA.)

And A collection of trees of the kinds called طَلْح and سَمُر: (Ḳ:) or a collection of abundant and dense trees. (TA.)

رَبَضٌ The lodging-place of sheep or goats; (Ṣ, A,* Ḳ;) because they lie therein upon their breasts; and in like manner of wild animals: (TA:) the nightly lodging-place of sheep or goats: (Mṣb:) andمَرْبِضٌ↓ signifies the same: (Ṣ,* A, Mgh, Mṣb:) pl. of the former أَرْبَاضٌ: (Ṣ, A,* TA:) and of the latter مَرَابِضُ: (Ṣ, Ḳ:*) the مرابض of sheep or goats are like the مَعَاطِن of camels. (Ṣ.)

‡ A place of abode: a place of abode of a people by itself: (A, TA:) pl. as above. (A.)

‡ Anything to which a man betakes himself, or repairs, for lodging, covert, or refuge, (ISk, Ṣ, A,* Mṣb, Ḳ,) and at which, or with which, he finds rest, or ease; (Ḳ;) such as a house or tent, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) and the like, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) and a wife, (ISk, Ṣ, A, Mṣb,) or relations, (ISk, A, Mṣb,) or a family, and a relation, and property, (Ḳ,) and sheep or goats, and means of subsistence, and food; (TA;) and hence, (Ṣ,) milk which sustains a man, and suffices him for food: (Ṣ, Ḳ:*) pl. as above: (Ḳ:) رَبَضٌ andرَبْضٌ↓ andرُبْضٌ↓ (IAạr, Ṣgh, Ḳ) andرُبُضٌ↓ (Ḳ) are applied to a wife لِأَنَّهَا تَرْبِضُ زَوْجَهَا, (so in copies of the Ḳ and in the TA, but in the CK تُرَبِّضُ,) i. e. because she undertakes, or manages, the affairs of her husband, and gives him lodging, or refuge; (TA;) or because she fixes him, (تُرَبِّضُهُ, i. e. تُثَبِّتُهُ,) so that he does not quit his place: (L, TA:) or to the mother; or the sister; who undertakes, or manages, the affairs of (تُعَزِّبُ [so in copies of the Ḳ and in the TA, in the latter of which it is thus explained, but in the CK تُقَرِّبُ,]) her relation. (Ḳ.) A poet says,

* جَآءَ الشِّتَآءُ وَلَمَّا أَتَّخِذْ رَبَضًا *

* يَا وَيْحَ كَفَّىَّ مِنْ حَفْرِ القَرَامِيصِ *

(Ṣ, Mgh) i. e. [The winter has come, and I have not yet made for myself] a lodging: [O, wo to my two-hands, in consequence of digging] hollows in which to sit for protection from the cold. (Mgh.) And from رَبَضٌ applied to “milk which sustains a man, and suffices him for food,” originated the prov., (Ḳ, TA,) مِنْكَ رَبَضُكَ وَإِنْ كَانَ سَمَارًا, meaning ‡ Thy family and thy servants (Ṣ, Ḳ) and those to whom thou betakest thyself for lodging or refuge, (Ṣ,) are appertenances of thine, though they be persons falling short [of their duty]: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) or thy manager of affairs,, &c., though he be not a good manager of thine affairs: (L, TA:) and رَبَضٌ also signifies any woman who undertakes, or manages, the affairs of a house: but in the T we find رُبْضُكَ↓, thus written, as by Th, on the authority of IAạr, but not restricted by a measure, and explained as meaning the person who undertakes, or manages, the affairs of thy house; and so in the book of proverbs by Aṣ: and in the margin of a copy of the Ṣ, we find the above-cited prov. thus written, مِنْكَ رُبُضُكَ↓ وَإِنْ كَانَ سَمَارًا, as from the “Book on Goats” by Ibn-Zeyd, and expl. as meaning the sons of thy father are appertenances of thine, though they be evil persons, in whom is no good. (TA.)

‡ The wall of a city: (Ḳ, TA:) the environs of a city, (Ṣ, A, Mgh,) and of a قَصْر [or palace, &c.], (A,) consisting of houses or dwellings, (A, Mgh,) or of open country: (TA:) andرُبْضٌ↓ signifies the same: (TA:) or this latter signifies the foundation, or basis, of a building; and of a city also: (Ḳ:) IKh writes it رُبُضٌ↓: and some say that رُبْضٌ↓ and رَبَضٌ signify the same: (TA:) the former of these two signifies also the part, of a thing, that touches the ground: (Ḳ, TA:) so says Sh: accord. to ISh,رُبْضُ↓ الأَرْضِ signifies what touches the ground, of a thing: (TA:) and رَبَضٌ also signifies a lateral, or an outward or adjacent, part: (Ḳ:) or lateral, or outward or adjacent, parts of a thing: (Ks, Ṣ:) also the space immediately pertaining to a mosque: and [the pl.] أَرْبَاضٌ is explained by El-Karkhee as applied to the quarters, or districts, of a town, or city. (Mgh.)

رَبَضٌ also signifies ‡ The rope of the [camel's saddle called] رَحْل, (A, Ḳ,) with which the رحل is bound; (A, TA;) one of the أَرْبَاض, or ropes of the رَحْل: (Ṣ, A:) or the part that is next the ground thereof; (Ḳ;) i. e., of the rope of the رحل; (TA;) not what is above the رحل: (Ḳ:) accord. to Lth, the part [of the belly] of the camel that is next the ground when he lies down; (L, TA;*) and the belly of the she-camel; and in like manner IAạr explains the pl. أَرْبَاضٌ as meaning the bellies of camels; but Az says that this is a mistake. (TA.) And † A girth of a رَحْل, like the نِطَاق [q. v.], which is put upon the flanks of the she-camel, so as to have the haunches behind it, (Ḳ, TA,) on either side, having at its two ends two rings, to which are tied the [woven, or plaited, thongs called] أَنْسَاع: the رحل is bound with it. (TA.)

Also ‡ The مَصَارِين [or guts, or intestines,] of the belly, that have a winding, or coiled, form; (Lth, A, TA;) such as are in the belly of a sheep or goat: (Lth, TA:) or the folding intestines of beasts: (AḤát, TA:) or the guts, bowels, or intestines, into which the food passes from the stomach; syn. أَمْعَآءٌ: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) or the contents of the belly, (Ḳ, TA,) consisting of the مَصَارِين &c., (TA,) except the heart (Ḳ, TA) and the lungs. (TA.) † The part that comprises the حَوَايَا [or winding, circling, or coiled, guts or intestines]; (IAạr, TA;) as alsoرَبِيضٌ↓ andمَرْبِضٌ↓ andمَرْبَضٌ↓: (IAạr, Ḳ, TA:) some describe the رَبَض as below the navel; and the مَرْبَض↓, as beneath the navel and above the pubes. (TA.)

رُبُضٌ [‡ Holding back, through indolence]. رُبُضٌ عَنِ الحَاجَاتِ, (A, Ḳ,) in [some of] the copies of the Ḳ, erroneously, عَلَى الحاجات, (TA,) and الأَسْفَارِ, (A, TA,) means ‡ A man who does not rise to perform needful affairs, (A, Ḳ,) and journeys: (A, TA:) or who does not go forth to undertake them. (Lḥ, TA.)

See also رَبَضٌ, in three places.

رُبْضَةٌ, applied to a man, i q. مُتَرَبِّضٌ↓; (Ḳ;) i. e. ‡ Remaining stationary, and impotent; (TA;) as alsoرُبَضَةٌ↓. (Ḳ.)

See also رِبْضَةٌ.

Also † A portion, (Ḳ,) or large portion, (IDrd,) of ثَرِيد [i. e. crumbled bread moistened with broth]. (IDrd, Ḳ.)

See also رُبْصَةٌ, with the unpointed ص.

رِبْضَةٌ A mode, or manner, of lying upon the breast: (Ḳ, and Ḥar p. 382: [see 1, first signification:]) this is the primary meaning. (Ḥar.)

And A place thereof. (Ḥar ibid. [See again رَبَضٌ, first signification.])

See also رَبِيضٌ, in three places.

Also † A place of slaughter (مَقْتَل) of any party, or company of men, slain in one plot of ground: (Lth, Ṣgh, Ḳ:) erroneously written by Ṣgh in the TṢ رَبَضَة; but in the O correctly. (TA.) [And accord. to the TA, it seems to be also applied to † The party so slain.]

Also The body [of an animal] when lying upon the breast; particularly, of a hare, (A, Ḳ,) and of a lamb, (A, TA,) and of a she-goat; and soرُبْضَةٌ↓. (TA.) Hence the saying, أَتَانَا بِثَرِيدٍ كَأَنَّهُ رِبْضَةُ أَرْنَبٍ [He brought us crumbled bread moistened with broth resembling in size and shape the body of a hare lying upon its breast]. (A, Ḳ.*)

دَابَّةٌ ضَخْمَةُ الرَّبَضَةِ A beast of which the traces of the place where it has been tied [and app. where it has lain] are large, or wide. (TA.)

رَبُوضٌ: see رَابِضٌ.

Applied to a [skin such as is termed] قِرْبَة, ‡ Great, or large; hardly, or not at all, to be lifted; so that it remains fixed; or so that it causes him who desires to lift it to remain fixed. (A, TA.)

Then, (A,) applied to a tree (شَجَرَة), meaning ‡ Great, or large, (AʼObeyd, Ṣ, A,* Ḳ,) and thick, (Ṣ,) and, accord. to the Ḳ, wide, but [SM says,] I have not seen that any of the leading authorities applies it in this last sense to a tree: (TA:) pl. رُبَضٌ. (Ḳ.)

Applied to a chain (سِلْسِلَة), ‡ Large, or big, (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) and heavy, cleaving to him upon whom it is put: it is of a measure having an intensive signification, and qualifying alike a masc. and a fem. n. (TA.)

Applied to a coat of mail (دِرْع), ‡ Large, or big: (A, TA:) or wide. (Ḳ.)

And, applied to a town (قَرْيَة), † Populous, (Ṣgh, Ḳ, TA,) and large. (TA.)

رَبِيضٌ Sheep, or goats, with their pastors, collected together in their lodging-places; (Ṣ, A, Ḳ;) as though it were a quasi-pl. n.; as alsoرِبْضَةٌ↓ andرِبْضٌ↓: (TA:) and hence, (L, TA,) ↓ the former of these two, † a company of men: (L, Ḳ:) and↓ the latter of them, [accord. to the Ḳ,] a herd of bulls, or cows, in their lodgingplace; from the author of the book entitled كِتَابُ المُزْدَوِجِ مِنَ اللُّغَاتِ, only: (Ḳ,* TA:) but what this author says is, that رِبْضٌ↓ signifies the lodging-places of bulls or cows [app. with the beasts in them]: and that the primary application of this word (رِبْضٌ) andرِبْضَةٌ↓ is to sheep or goats; and that by a subsequent usage they have been applied to bulls or cows and to men. (TA.) See also رَابِضٌ.

One says also, صَبَّ ٱللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ حُمَّى رَبِيضًا [app. meaning † May God send (lit. pour) upon him a fever that shall cleave to him like as an animal lying upon its breast cleaves to the ground]. (TA.)

See also رَبَضٌ, last sentence.

رَابِضٌ Lying upon his breast; applied to a sheep or goat [&c.]; and soرَبُوضٌ↓ applied to a hare; so tooرَبَّاضٌ↓ [but app. in an intensive or a frequentative sense] applied to a lion, as is also رَابِضٌ, and to a man lying on his adversary: (TA:) and [hence]الرَّبَّاضُ↓ is an appellation of the lion: (Ḳ:) the pl. [of رَابِضٌ] is رُبَّضٌ and رُبُوضٌ: and the phraseكَرَبِيضَةِ↓ الغَنَمِ, occurring in a trad., means كَالغَنَمِ الرُّبَّضِ [Like the sheep, or goats, that are lying upon their breasts]. (TA.) It is said in a prov., كَلْبٌ جَوَّالٌ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَسَدٍ رَابِضٍ or رَبَضَ [A dog that roams about is better than a lion lying upon his breast or that has laid himself down upon his breast]. (TA.)

[Hence, because of his cleaving to the ground,] ‡ A sick man. (TA.)

[Hence also the phrase,] أَرْنَبَتُهُ رَابِضَةٌ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ ‡ The end of his nose is flat, and spreading upon his face. (A.)

الرَّابِضَانِ is an appellation applied to The Turks and the Abyssinians. (Ḳ, TA.) These are meant in the trad. of Mo'áwiyeh, لَا تَبْعَثُوا الرَّابِضَيْنِ, i. e. Rouse not ye against you the two [peoples] that are remaining quiet as long as they do not pursue you: it is like another trad., in which it is said, اُتْرُكُوا التُّرْكَ مَا تَرَكُوكُمْ وَدَعُوا الحَبَشَةَ مَا وَدَعُوكُمْ [Leave ye alone the Turks as long as they leave you alone, and let ye alone the Abyssinians as long as they let you alone]. (TA.)

رَابِضَةٌ [as a subst. from رَابِضٌ, made so by the affix ة, An animal lying upon its breast]. One says of a man who kills when he shoots, and more commonly of him who kills when he smites with the [evil] eye, فُلَانٌ مَا تَقُومُ رَابِضَتُهُ [Such a one is so effective in his aim that his animal lying upon its breast does not rise]: (ISk, Ṣ, TA:) and in like manner, مَا تَقُومُ لَهُ رَابِضَةٌ: it is a prov. (TA.)

It is said in a trad., فَٱنْبَعَثَ لَهُ وَاحِدٌ مِنَ الرَّابِضَةِ [And there rose and went to him one of the رَابضة]: (Lth, A, TA:) الرَّابِضَةُ means ‡ certain angels who were sent down [from Paradise] with Adam, (Lth, A, Ḳ, TA,) who direct those that err from the right way: (Lth, A, TA:) perhaps (Lth, TA) so called from their remaining upon the earth: (Lth,* A, TA:*) and [so in the Ḳ, but correctly “or,”] the remainder of the Bearers of Evidence (حَمَلَةِ الحُجَّةِ [meaning those angels whereof every individual of mankind has two appointed to attend him constantly for the purpose of their bearing evidence of his good and evil deeds, which two are termed in the Ḳur l. 16 المُتَلَقِّيَانِ,]) whereof the earth will never be destitute. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

And in another trad., respecting the signs of the coming of the resurrection, the Prophet is related to have said that one of those signs will be, that the رُوَيْبِضَة↓ will speak respecting the affairs of the community: (T, TA:) الرُّوَيْبِضَةُ is the dim. of الرَّابِضَةُ (T, Ḳ, TA) signifying The pastor of رَبِيض [q. v.]; (T, TA;) and means † the mean, contemptible man, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) who speaks respecting the affairs of the community: thus expl. by the Prophet himself: (Ḳ: [in the CK, النّاقِهُ is erroneously put for التَّافِهُ:]) or he explained it as meaning † the vitious, or wicked, who speaks respecting the affairs of the community: AʼObeyd compares this trad. with another, in which it is said that one of the signs above mentioned will be, that the pastors of sheep or goats will be the heads of the people: and Az says that الرويبضة means the pastor of sheep or goats: some say that it means † he who abstains, or holds back, from seeking the means of acquiring eminence, or nobility; and الرَّابِضَةُ signifies [the same, or] impotent to attain eminence: in this latter, the ة is added to give intensiveness to the signification: and Az thinks it most probable that each of these is applied to the mean man because of his remaining in his house, or tent, and seldom rising and going forth to occupy himself in great affairs. (TA.)

تِرْبَاضٌ i. q. عُصْفُرٌ [Safflower, or bastard saffron]. (IAạr, Ḳ.)