Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

رَبَا, aor. يَرْبُو, (T, Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. رَبْوٌ, (so in copies of the Ṣ, [in one of my copies of the Ṣ not mentioned,]) or رُبُوٌّ and رَبَآءٌ, (M, Ḳ, TA,) the latter erroneously written in [some of] the copies of the Ḳ رِبَآء, (TA,) It (a thing, T, Ṣ, Mṣb) increased, or augmented. (T, Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ.) Said, in this sense, of property: (Mgh:) or, said of property, It increased by usury. (M, TA.) وَمَا آتَيْتُمْ مِنْ رِبًا↓ لِيَرْبُوَ فِى أَمْوَالِ ٱلنَّاسِ فَلَا يَرْبُو عِنْدَ ٱللّٰهِ, in the Ḳur [xxx. 38], (T, Bḍ,) means And what ye give of forbidden addition in commercial dealing, [i. e. of usury,] (Bḍ,) or what ye give of anything for the sake of receiving more in return, (Zj, T, Bḍ,) and this is not forbidden accord. to most of the expositions, though there is no recompense [from God] for him who exceeds what he has received, (Zj, T,) in order that it may increase the possessions of men, (T,* Bḍ,) it shall not increase with God, (T, Bḍ,) nor will He bless it: (Bḍ:) some (namely, the people of El-Ḥijáz, T, or Náfi' and Yaạḳoob, Bḍ) read لِتُرْبُوا↓, (T, Bḍ,) meaning, in order that ye may increase [the property of men], or in order that ye may have forbidden addition [or usury therein]. (Bḍ.)

Also It became high. (Mṣb,* TA.)

رَبَا, aor. as above; and رَبِىَ, aor. يَرْبَى; said of a child, He grew up. (Mṣb.) You say, رَبَوْتُ فِى بَنِى فُلَانٍ, (Ṣ,) or فِى حَجْرِهِ, inf. n. رُبُوٌّ (M, Ḳ, TA) and رُبْوٌ, (M, TA,) with damm, (TA,) this latter on the authority of Lḥ, (M, TA,) accord. to the Ḳ رَبْوٌ, with fet-ḥ, but correctly with damm; (TA;) and رَبِيتُ, (Ṣ, M, TA,) in the copies of the Ḳ erroneously written رَبَيْتُ, (TA,) inf. n. رَبَآءٍ and رُبِىٌّ; (M, Ḳ, TA; [the latter, accord. to the CK, رَبِىٌّ, which is a mistranscription;]) I grew up [among the sons of such a one, or in his care and protection]. (Ṣ, M, Ḳ.)

رَبَتِ الأَرْضُ The ground [being rained upon] became large, and swelled. (M, TA.) In the Ḳur xxii. 5 and xli. 39, for وَرَبَتْ, some read وَرَبَأَتٌ: the former means and [becomes large, and swells; or] increases: the latter means “and rises.” (T. [See art. ربأ.])

رَبَا السَّوِيقُ, inf. n. رُبُوٌّ, The سويق [or meal of parched barley] had water poured upon it, and in consequence swelled: (M, TA:) in the copies of the Ḳ, رَبَا السَّوِيقَ, expl. as meaning he poured water on the سويق, and it consequently swelled. (TA.)

رَبَا said of a horse, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) aor. يَرْبُو, (TA,) inf. n. رَبْوٌ, (Ḳ,) He became swollen, or inflated, from running, or from fear, or fright (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

He was, or became, affected with what is termed رَبْوٌ; (Ṣ, M, Ḳ;) i. e. he was, or became, out of breath; his breath became interrupted by reason of fatigue or running, &c.; or he panted, or breathed shortly or uninterruptedly; syn. اِنْبَهَرَ: (TA:) and soتربّى↓; for you say, طَلَبْنَا الصَّيْدَ حَتَّى تَرَبَّيْنَا, i. e. [We pursued the chase until] we became out of breath;, &c.; syn. بُهِرْنَا. (M.)

See also 4.

رَبَوْتُ الرَّابِيَةَ I ascended, or mounted, upon the hill, or elevated ground. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

رَبَّيْتُهُ, (Ṣ, M, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. تَرْبِيَةٌ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) I reared him, fostered him, or brought him up; (M, Mṣb;) namely, a child: (Mṣb:) I fed, or nourished, him, or it; (Ṣ, Mgh, Ḳ;) namely, a child, (Mgh,) or anything of what grows, or increases, such as a child, and seedproduce, and the like; (Ṣ;) as alsoتَرَبَّيْتُهُ↓: (Mgh, Ḳ:) the former is said to be originally رَبَبْتُهُ. (Er-Rághib, TA. [See 1 in art. رب, in two places.]) [Thus رَبَّيْتُ signifies I reared, or cultivated, plants or trees.] And ربّى is said of earth, or soil, meaning It fostered plants or herbage. (L in art. رشح, &c.) And يُنَوِّرُ وَلَا يُرَبِّى is said of a tree [as meaning It produces blossoms, but does not mature its produce]. (AḤn, M and L in art. مظ.)

رَبَّيْتُ الأُتْرُجَّ بِعَسَلٍ ‡ [I preserved the citron with honey], and الوَرْدَ بِسُكَّرٍ [the roses with sugar: like رَبَّبْتُهُ]. (TA.)

رَبَّيْتُ عَنْ خِنَاقِهِ [in the CK خُناقِه, which I think a mistranscription,] ‡ I removed, or eased, [his cord with which he was being strangled; app. meaning, his straitness;] (Ḳ;) mentioned by Z. (TA.) [See a similar phrase in art. رخو, conj. 4.]

راباهُ, (Ḳ in art. مجر, as syn. of مَاجَرَهُ,) inf. n. مُرَابَاةٌ, (TA ibid.,) [He practised usury, or the like, with him: used in this sense in the present day.]

And رَابَيْتُهُ, (Ḳ,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) I treated him with gentleness, or blandishment; soothed, coaxed, wheedled, or cajoled, him. (Ḳ,* TA.)

أَرْبَيْتُهُ (in [some of] the copies of the Ḳ, erroneously, ارتبيته, TA) I increased, or augmented, it. (M, Ḳ, TA.) Hence, in the Ḳur [ii. 277], وَيُرْبِى الصَّدَقَاتِ (M, TA) And He will increase, or augment, alms-deeds; (Jel;) will multiply the recompense thereof, (Bḍ, Jel,) and bless them. (Bḍ.) See also an ex. in the first paragraph.

أَرْبَيْتُ I took more than I gave. (Ṣ.)

[Hence,] اربى, said of a man, signifies [particularly] He engaged in, or entered upon, الرِّبَا [i. e. the practising, or taking, of usury or the like; he practised, or took, usury or the like; as alsoرَبَا↓, aor. رَبْوٌ; for] إِرْبَآءٌ and رَبْوٌ, as inf. ns., both signify, in Pers., رِبَا خوُرْدَنْ. (KL. [In the TA, رَبَا, said of a man, is expl. by the words حصل فى ربوة: but I think that the right reading must be حَصَّلَ فِى رِبًوا, or مِنْ رِبًوا; and the meaning, He acquired in the practice of usury or the like, or he acquired of usury or the like.]) See, again, an ex. in the first paragraph.

اربى عَلَى الخَمْسَينَ, (M, Mṣb,) وَنَحْوِهَا, (M,) He exceeded [the age of fifty, and the like]. (M, Mṣb.)

[أَرْبَى said of the عَرْفَج, in a copy of the Ṣ, in art رقط is a mistranscription for أَدْبَى, with dál.]

تربّى, said of a child, (Mgh, Mṣb,) He was, or became, fed, or nourished; (Mgh;) or reared, fostered, or brought up. (Mṣb.)

See also 1, near the end of the paragraph.

تَرَبَّيْتُهُ: see 2.

رَبْوٌ: see رُبْوَةٌ.

Also A company (IAạr, T, Ḳ, TA) of men: (IAạr, T, TA:) pl. أَرْبَآءُ: (IAạr, T, Ḳ, TA:) andرِبْوَةٌ↓ likewise signifies a company; or, as some say, ten thousand; as also رُبَّةٌ; (M, TA;) or the former of these two words, (i. e. ربوة,) accord. to the A, signifies a great company of men, such as ten thousand. (TA.) It is said in the Ḳ that رِبْوَةٌ↓ signifies Ten thousand dirhems; as alsoرُبَةٌ↓: but in this assertion are errors; for the former of these two words signifies as explained in the foregoing sentence; and the latter of them is with teshdeed, belonging to art. رب, and signifies a company [or great company] of men. (TA.)

Also, (T, Ṣ, M, Ḳ, TA,) andرَبْوَةٌ↓, (M, TA,) The state of being out of breath; interruption of the breath by reason of fatigue or running, &c.: or a panting, or breathing shortly or uninterruptedly: syn. بُهْرٌ, (T, M, TA,) and اِنْبِهَارٌ: (TA:) or a loud (lit. high) breathing: (Ṣ:) and a state of inflation of the جَوْف [or chest]. (M, TA.) [The former word is now often used as signifying Asthma.]

رِبًا, (T, M, Mṣb, Ḳ,) orرِبًوا↓, (Ṣ, Mgh,) [for it is often thus written, and generally thus in the copies of the Ḳur-án,] with the short ا accord. to the pronunciation best known, (Mṣb,) [which implies that it is also pronounced رِبَآءٌ↓,] An excess, and an addition: (Mṣb:) an addition over and above the principal sum [that is lent or expended]: but in the law it signifies an addition obtained in a particular manner: (Er-Rághib, TA:) [i. e. usury, and the like; meaning both unlawful, and lawful, interest or profit; and the practice of taking such interest or profit:] it is in lending, (Zj, T,) or in buying and selling, (Ṣ,) and in giving: and is of two kinds; unlawful, and lawful: the unlawful is any loan for which one receives more than the loan, or by means of which one draws a profit; [and the gain made by such means:] and the lawful is a gift by which a man invites more than it to be given to him, or a gift that he gives in order that more than it may be given to him; [and the addition that he so obtains:] (Zj, T:) [it generally means] an addition that is obtained by selling food [&c.] for food [&c.], or ready money for ready money, to be paid at an appointed period; or by exchanging either of such things for more of the same kind: (Bḍ in ii. 276:) or the taking of an addition in lending and in selling: (PṢ:) [it is said to be] i. q. عِينَةٌ: (M, Ḳ:) [but although رِبًا and عِينَةٌ are both applicable sometimes in the same case, neither of them can be properly said to be generally explanatory of the other, or syn. therewith: رِبَا النَّسِيْئَةِ is a term specially employed to signify profit obtained in the case of a delay of payment: and رِبَا الفَضْلِ to signify profit obtained by the superior value of a thing received over that of a thing given:] the dual of رِبًا (M, Mṣb, Ḳ) or رِبًوا (Ṣ) is رِبَوَانِ and رِبَيَانِ; (Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ;) the former being agreeable with the original; (M, Mṣb;) the ى in the latter being because of the imáleh occasioned by the preceding kesreh. (M.) See an ex. near the beginning of the first paragraph of this art. رُبْيَةٌ↓, thus pronounced by the Arabs, but by the relaters of a trad., in which it occurs, رُبِّيَّةٌ↓, (Fr, T, Ṣ, Mgh,) or, as some say, رُبَيَّةٌ↓, as though this were the dim. of رُبْيَةٌ, (Mgh,) is a dial. var. of رِبًوا [or رِبًا]; and by rule should be رُبْوَةٌ: (Fr, T, Ṣ, Mgh:) or, accord. to Z, رُبّيَّةٌ may be of the measure فُعُّولَةٌ from الرِّبَا. (TA.) [See also رَمَآءٌ, in art. رمى.]

رُبْوَةٌ andرَبْوَةٌ↓ andرِبْوَةٌ↓; (T, Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ;) the first of which is preferred, (T,) or most common; (Mṣb;) and the second, of the dial. of Temeem; (T, Mṣb;) andرَبْوٌ↓ (M, Ḳ) andرَبَاوَةٌ↓ (T, Ṣ, M, Ḳ) andرِبَاوَةٌ↓ (M, Ḳ) andرُبَاوَةٌ↓ (IJ, Ḳ) andرَابِيَةٌ↓ (T, Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ) andرَبَآءَةٌ↓; (M, Ḳ;) A hill; i. e. an elevation of ground, or elevated ground: (T, Ṣ, M, Ḳ:) or an elevated place: so called because it is high: (Mṣb, TA:) the pl. of رُبْوَةٌ is رُبًى (T, Mṣb) and رُبِىٌّ: (T:) and the pl. ofرَابِيَةٌ↓ is رَوَابٍ; (T, Mṣb;) which ISh explains as meaning elevated sands, like the دَكْدَاكَة [q. v.], but higher and softer than the latter; the latter being more compact and rugged; the رابية, he says, has in it depression and elevation; it produces the best and the most numerous of the herbs, or leguminous plants, that are found in the sands; and men alight upon it. (T.)

رِبًوا: see رِبًا. [The و is silent, like the ا.]

رِبَوِىٌّ Of, or relating to, what is termed رِبًا or رِبًوا [i. e. usury and the like]: (Mgh, Mṣb:) رَبَوِىٌّ is said by Mṭr to be wrong. (Mṣb.)

رَبَآءٌ Excess, excellence, or superiority; syn. طَوْلٌ: (IDrd, Ṣ, Ḳ:) so in the saying, لِفُلَانٍ عَلَى فُلَانٍ رَبَآءٌ [Such a one possesses excess, or excellence, or superiority, over such a one]. (IDrd, Ṣ.)

And An obligation, a favour, or a benefit; syn. مِنَّةٌ. (Ḳ.)

[رَابٍ Increasing, or augmenting:, &c.]

[Hence,] فَأَخَذَهُمْ أَخْذَةً رَابِيَةً, in the Ḳur [lxix. 10], And He punished them with a punishment exceeding other punishments; (Fr,* Ṣ,* M,* Ḳ,* Jel;) a vehement punishment. (Ḳ.)

اِمْرَأَةٌ رَابِيَةٌ A woman affected with what is termed رَبْوٌ; [i. e., out of breath;, &c.; (see 1, near the end of the paragraph;)] (T, TA;) as alsoرَبْوَآءُ↓. (TA.)

أَرْبَى in the Ḳur xvi. 94 means More numerous, (Bḍ, Jel,) and more abundant in wealth. (Bḍ.)

أُرْبِيَّةٌ, originally أُرْبُوَّةٌ, (Ṣ,) or of the measure فُعْلِيَّةٌ, (M,) The root of the thigh: (Ks, T, Ṣ, Ḳ:) or the part between the upper portion of the thigh and the lower portion of the بَطْن [or belly]: (ISh, T, Ḳ:) or the part between the upper portion of the thigh and the lower portion of the بَظْر [q. v.]: or, accord. to Lḥ, the root of the thigh, next the بَظْر: (M:) or, as in the A, a portion of flesh, in the root of the thigh, that becomes knotted in consequence of pain: (TA:) there are two parts, together called أُرْبِيَّتَانِ. (Ṣ, TA.)

Also ‡ A man's household, and the sons of the paternal uncle of a man; (T, M, Ḳ, TA;) not including any others: (T, M:) or the nearer members of the household of a man. (A, TA.) One says, جَآءَ فُلَانٌ فِى أُرْبِيَّتِهِ, and فِى أُرْبِيَّةٍ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ, (T,) or فِى أُرْبِيَّةِ قَوْمِهِ, (Ṣ,) ‡ Such a one came among his household, and the sons of his paternal uncle: (T, TA:) or among the people of his house consisting of the sons of his paternal uncles; not of any others. (Ṣ.)

مُرْبٍ One who practises رِبًا [i. e. usury or the like]. (M, Ḳ.)

أَر ْضٌ مُرْبِيَةٌ † Good land. (M.)

مَرْبَاةٌ for مَرْبَأَةٌ: see the latter, in art. ربأ.

مُرَبًّى [Reared, fostered, brought up, fed, or nourished: see 2.]

[And] Made [or preserved] with رُبّ [or inspissated juice, &c. (see 2, last sentence but one)]: you say زَنْجَبِيلٌ مُرَبًّى [Ginger so preserved]; as also مُرَبَّبٌ: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) andمُرَبَّيَاتٌ↓ signifies Preserves, or confections, made with رُبّ; like مُرَبَّبَاتٌ. (Ṣ in art. رب.)