Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

رَتَمَ, (T, Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) aor. ـِ {يَرْتِمُ}, (M, Ḳ,) inf. n. رَتْمٌ, (T, Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) He broke a thing: (ISk, T, Ṣ, M, Ḳ:) and bruised it, or crushed it, (ISk, T, M, Ḳ, TA,) much: (M, and so in the CK:) or, (M, Ḳ,) accord. to Lḥ, (M,) specially, (M, Ḳ,) he broke (M) the nose: (M, Ḳ: [but see رَتْمٌ, below:]) and رَثَمَ [q. v.] signifies the same: you say, رَتَمَ أَنْفَهُ and رَثَمَهُ [He broke his nose]. (T, Ṣ.)

See also 4.

مَا رَتَمَ بِكَلِمَةٍ He spoke not a word. (T, Ṣ, M, Ḳ.)

رَتَمَتِ المِعْزَى The goats pastured upon the plant called الرَّتَم [in the CK الرَّتْم]. (Ḳ,* TA.)

And رَتَمَ He became affected with swooning from eating the plant so called. (Ḳ,* TA.)

رَتَمَ فِى بَنِى فُلَانٍ He grew up among the son of such a one. (Ḳ.)

ارتم, inf. n. إِرْتَامٌ, [app. He tied a رَتِيمَة, q. v.]. (T.) رَتْمٌ, also, as an inf. n., [i. e. of رَتَمَ↓,] signifies The tying a thread, or string, upon one's own finger for the purpose of remembering something. (KL.)

And ارتمهُ, (inf. n. as above, Ṣ,) He tied upon his (a man's, T, Ṣ, Mgh) finger a thread, or string, such as is termed رَتِيمَة. (T, Ṣ, M, Mgh, Ḳ.)

Also He (a young camel) bore fat in his hump. (Ḳ.)

ارتتم, (Mgh, Ḳ,) or ارتتم بِرَتِيمَةٍ or بِرَتَمَةٍ, (M, TA,) andترتّم↓, (M, Ḳ,) He had a thread, or string, such as is termed رَتِيمَة or رَتَمَة tied upon his finger. (M, Mgh, Ḳ.)

رَتْمٌ (Ṣ, M, Ḳ) andرَتِيمٌ↓ (M, Ḳ) andمَرْتُومٌ↓ (Ṣ, Ḳ) signify the same; i. e. Broken: (Ṣ, M, Ḳ:) and bruised, or crushed, (M, Ḳ, TA,) much: (M, and so accord. to the CK:) the first being an inf. n. used as an epithet. (M, Ḳ.) Ows Ibn-Hajar says,

* لَأَصَبَحَ رَتْمًا دُقَاقَ الحَصَى *

* مَكَانَ النَّبِىِّ مِنَ الكَاثِبِ *

(Ṣ, in the present art.,) i. e. It (referring to a mountain called الصَاقِب) would become [broken, having the pebbles crushed,] like the sands around the mountain El-Káthib. (Ṣ in art. نبو. [But there are other explanations of النبىّ and الكاثب as here used. In the T, in art. رثم, a different reading is given: لاصبح رَثْمًا.])

See also رَتِيمَةٌ.

[Freytag, misled by the CK, has assigned to رَتْمٌ a signification that belongs to رَتَمٌ.]

[رَتَمٌ applied in the present day to The shrub broom; to several species thereof: spartium monospermum of Linn.: genista rætam of Forsk.: (Delile, Flor. Aegypt. Illustr., no. 657:) spartium: (Forskål, Flora Aegypt. Arab., p. lvi.:) and phalaris setacea: (Idem, p. lx.:)] a species of plant: (T:) or a species of tree; (Mgh;) or so رَتَمَةٌ↓; of which the former is the pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.]: (Ṣ:) or the latter, (Lth, T,) or the former, (AḤn, M, Ḳ,) the latter being its n. un., (Ḳ,) a certain plant, of the shrub-kind; (AḤn, T, M, Ḳ;) as though by reason of its slenderness, it were likened to the thread, or string, called رَتَمِ: (AḤn, T,* Ḳ,* TA: [see this word voce رَتِيمَةٌ: in the CK, in the present instance, erroneously written رَقْم:]) and soرَتِيمَةٌ↓: (AḤn, T:) its flower is like the خِيرِىّ [or yellow gilliflower], and its seed is like the lentil: each of these (i. e. the flower and the seed, TA) strongly provokes vomiting: the drinking the expressed juice of its twigs, fasting, is a beneficial remedy for sciatica (عِرْقُ النَّسَا); and likewise the using as a clyster an infusion thereof in sea-water: and the swallowing twenty-one grains thereof, fasting, prevents the [pustules called] دَمَامِيل. (Ḳ.) When a man was about to make a journey, he betook himself to two branches, or two trees, and tied one branch to another, and said, “If my wife be faithful to the compact, this will remain tied as it is; otherwise, she will have broken the compact:” so says Aṣ; and ISk says the like: (T:) or he betook himself to a tree, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or to the species of tree called رَتَم, (ISk, Mgh,) and tied together two branches thereof, (ISk, Ṣ, Mgh, Ḳ,) or he tied together two trees; (M;) and if he returned and found them as he tied them, he said that his wife had not been unfaithful to him; but otherwise, that she had been so: (ISk, Ṣ, M, Mgh, Ḳ:) this [pair of branches or trees] is called الرَّتَمُ [in the CK, erroneously, الرَّتْمُ] andالرَّتِيمَةُ↓: (Ḳ:) or this is what is meant by الرَّتِيمَةُ↓: (M:) or this [action] is what is meant by تَعْقَادُ الرَّتَمِ in the following verse: (Aṣ, ISk, T, Mgh:) but IB says that الرَّتَائِمُ [pl. of الرَّتِيمَةُ↓] does not mean peculiarly one kind of trees exclusively of others: and he cites this verse as an ex. of الرَّتَمُ meaning the threads, or strings, so called; (TA;) as does AZ. (Mgh.) A rájiz says,

* هَلْ يَنْفَعَنْكَ اليَوْمَ إِنْ هَمَّتْ بِهِمْ *

* كَثْرَةُ مَا تُوصِى وَتَعْقَادُ الرَّتَمْ *

[Will the muchness of thine enjoining, and the tying of the retem, be indeed of use to thee to-day, if she be desirous of them?]. (T, Ṣ, Mgh.)

See also رَتِيمَةٌ, in two places.

Also A [leathern water-bag such as is called] مَزَادَة that is filled (IAạr, T, Ḳ) with water: (IAạr, T:) or a [water-skin such as is called] مَزَاد. (M, TT.)

And A road, or way; or the middle, or main part and middle, thereof; or a beaten track; syn. مَحَجَّةٌ. (IAạr, T, Ḳ.)

And Suppressed, low-sounding, occult, or secret, speech or language. (IAạr, T, Ḳ.)

And Perfect shame or sense of shame or pudency. (IAạr, T, Ḳ.)

رَتْمَآءُ A she-camel that eats the plant called الرَّتَم, and keeps to it, and is fond of it. (Ḳ, TA.)

And That carries the filled مَزَادَة (Ḳ, TA) called رَتَم. (TA.)

رُتامٌ A thing broken in pieces, or into small pieces; crushed; or crumbled. (Ḳ, TA.)

رَتِيمٌ: see رَتْمٌ:

and see also رَتِيمَةٌ.

Also A slow pace. (Ḳ.)

رَتِيمَةٌ (T, Ṣ, M, Mgh, Ḳ) andرَتَمَةٌ↓, (T, M, L,) the latter written thus by IB on the authority of ʼAlee Ibn-Hamzeh, (L, TA,) orرَتْمَةٌ↓, (Ṣ, Ḳ, [in one copy of the Ṣ written رَتَمة, and in my copy of the Mgh without any syll. signs,]) A thread, or string, that is tied upon the finger for the purpose of reminding one (T, Ṣ, M, Mgh, Ḳ) of some object of want: (T, Ṣ:) pl. of the first, رَتَائِمُ (Ṣ, M, Mgh, Ḳ) and رِتَامٌ; (M, Ḳ;) and [coll. gen. n.] of the second,رَتَمٌ↓; (M, IB;) and of the third, [if it be correct,]رَتْمٌ↓: (Ḳ: in the CK رُتْمٌ:) IAạr says that رَتِيمٌ↓ signifies the thread, or string, for reminding; but others say رَتِيمةٌ: Lth says that رَتِمٌ↓ signifies a thread, or string, that is tied upon the finger, or upon the signet-ring, for a sign, or token: (T:) and IB cites the verse cited above voce رَتَمٌ as an ex. of this word in the sense here assigned to it as a pl. [or coll. gen. n.]; (TA;) and so does AZ. (Mgh.) The binding of رَتَائِم [upon the fingers] is forbidden in a trad.: and it is said that المُسْتَذْكِرُ بِالرَّتَائِمِ مُسْتَهْدفٌ للشَّتَائم [He who seeks to remember by means of the threads, or strings, that are tied upon the fingers for the purpose of reminding becomes a butt for revilings]. (TA.)

See also رَتَمٌ, in four places.

رُتَامَى [a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned], like سُكَارَى, Persons affected with swooning from eating the plant called الرَّتَم. (Ḳ.)

مَا زَالَ رَاتِمًا عَلَى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ means He ceased not to be constantly occupied in this affair: (T, M, Ḳ,* TA:) Yaạḳoob asserts that the م of راتما is a substitute [for ب], though رَتَمَ does not occur in the sense of رَتَبَ: (M, TA:) IJ says that this may be the case, or that the word may be from الرَّتَمَةُ and الرَّتِيمَةُ. (TA.) [See also رَاتبٌ: and see تُرْتُمٌ, below.]

[أَرْتَمُ app. Having his nose broken.]

[And hence,] One who does not speak clearly, nor intelligibly; as though his nose were broken: occurring in a trad.: or, as some relate it, أَرْثَمُ [q. v.]. (TA.)

شَرُّ تُرْتُمٌ and تُرْتَمٌ Continual, or constant, evil: (Ḳ, TA:) the م is a substitute for the ب of تُرْتُبٌ and تُرْتَبٌ; and the former ت is augmentative, because there is no word like جُعْفَرٌ consisting of radical letters. (TA.) [See also رَاتِمًا, above.]