Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

رَاضَ, (Ṣ, M, A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. يَرُوضُ, (Ṣ,) inf. n. رِيَاضَةٌ (Ṣ, M, A, Mṣb, Ḳ) and رِيَاضٌ, (Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) or the latter is used poetically for the former, and رَوْضٌ, (M,) He broke, or trained, (M, Ḳ, Mṣb,) a colt, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or beast, (M, A, Mṣb,) and made it easy to ride upon: (M:) or he taught it to go: (TA:) andروّض↓, inf. n. تَرْوِيضٌ, he did so well, or vigorously. (Ṣ, TA.)

Hence, رَاضَ صَاحِبَهُ † [He made his companion easy and tractable]. (TA.)

[Hence also,] رَاضَ نَفْسَهُ † [He trained, disciplined, or subdued, himself: or] he became clement, or forbearing. (Mṣb.) Andرَوِّضْ↓ نَفْسَكَ بِالتَّقْوَى ‡ [Train, discipline, or subdue, thyself well by piety]. (A, TA.)

[Hence also,] رَاضَ الشَّاعِرُ القَوَافِىَ ‡ [The poet rendered rhymes, or verses, easy to him by practice]. (A, TA.) Andروّض↓ لَهُ أَمْرًا † He made an affair easy to him; syn. سَوَّسَهُ, q. v. (TA in art. سوس.)

[Hence also,] رُضْتُ الدُّرَّ, inf. n. رِيَاضَةٌ, ‡ I bored the pearls: and هُوَ صَعْبُ الرِّيَاضَةِ, and سَهْلُ الرياضة, ‡ It is difficult to bore, and easy to bore. (A, TA.)

see 1, in three places.

روّض, (Ḳ,) inf. n. تَرْوِيضٌ, (TA,) He kept to the رِيَاض [pl. of رَوْضَة, q. v.]. (Ḳ.)

روّض القَرَاحَ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or الأَرْضَ, (M, A,) He, or it, (a man, Ṣ, or a torrent, M, or the rain, A,) made the clear or bare land, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or the land, (M, A,) a رَوْضَة. (Ṣ, M, Ḳ.) Andاراض↓ ٱللّٰهُ الأَرْضَ God made the land رِيَاض. (M.)

راوضهُ, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) عَلَى أَمْرِ كَذَا, (Ṣ,) or عَلَى كَذَا, (A,) inf. n. مُرَاوَضَةٌ, (Mgh,) ‡ He coaxed, wheedled, beguiled, or deluded, him; (Ṣ, A, Mgh, Ḳ;) and he endeavoured to deceive or beguile him; like as he does who is training a beast not yet rendered perfectly tractable; (Mgh;) in order to make him enter into such a thing or affair; (Ṣ;) or until he entered into such a thing. (A.)

Hence, (Mgh,) بَيْعُ المُرَاوَضَةِ ‡ That mode of selling which is termed بَيْعُ المُوَاصَفَةِ; (Mgh, Ḳ;*) which is when one describes to a man an article of merchandise not present with him: (Sh, Ḳ:) this is said in a trad. to be an action that is disapproved: (Ḳ:) but some of the professors of practical law allow it when the article of merchandise agrees with the description. (L.)

اراض (Yaạḳoob, Ṣ, A) and أَرْوَضَ (Yaạḳoob, Ṣ) It (a place) became abundant in its رِيَاض [pl. of رَوْضَةٌ, q. v.]; (Yaạḳoob, Ṣ, A;) as alsoاستراض↓. (A.) And أَرْوَضَتِ الأَرْضُ and أَرَاضَت The land became clad with plants, or herbage (M.)

[And hence,] اراض ‡ It (a valley) had water stagnating, or remaining, or collecting, in it; (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ;) concealing its bottom; (A;) as alsoاستراض↓: (Ṣ, M, A, Mṣb, Ḳ:) and so the former verb, (Ṣ,) or↓ both, (A,) said of a watering-trough: (Ṣ, A:) or, when said of a watering-trough, the former verb signifies † it had its bottom, or lower part, covered with water: (M:) and↓ the latter, † the water spread widely upon the surface thereof; (M;) and so the former too: (TA:) or↓ the latter, ‡ it had a sufficient quantity of water poured into it to conceal its bottom; (O, Ḳ;) or to cover its bottom, or lower part. (L, TA.)

And from اراض, said of a watering-trough, has originated the saying, (Ṣ,) شَرِبُوا حَتَّى أَرَاضُوا † † They drank until they thoroughly satisfied their thirst. (Ṣ, Ḳ.*) And اراض also signifies † He drank a second draught after a first. (Ḳ.)

اراض ٱللّٰهُ الأَرْضَ: see 2.

[Hence,] اراض الحَوْضَ † He poured into the watering-trough a sufficient quantity of water to conceal its bottom. (TA.)

And hence, (TA,) أَرَاضَهُمْ, said of a vessel, ‡ It satisfied their thirst: (Ṣ,* Ḳ:) or it satisfied their thirst in some degree. (M, TA.) Hence the saying, فَدَعَا بِإِنَآءٍ يُرِيضُ الرَّهْطَ ‡ And he called for a vessel which would satisfy (Ḳ, TA) in some degree (TA) the [number of men termed a] رَهْط; (Ḳ, TA;) occurring in a trad., (TA,) accord. to one relation, but the more common is يُرْبِضُ, (Ḳ, TA,) with the singlepointed ب. (TA.)

اراض also signifies † He poured milk upon milk; (Ḳ;) accord. to AʼObeyd; but he deems it strange. (TA.)

التَّرَاوُضُ in selling and buying is syn. with التَّحَاذِى; i. e. ‡ The increasing [of the sum offered] and diminishing [of the sum demanded] which take place between the two parties bargaining; as though each of them were making his companion easy and tractable; from الرِّيَاضَةُ as inf. n. of رَاضَ in the first of the senses expl. above. (TA.) In the phrase تَرَاوَضَا السِّلْعَةَ, meaning † They coaxed, wheedled, beguiled, or deluded, each other, with respect to the article of merchandise, [in the manner explained above, or otherwise,] the omission of the prep. [فِى] requires consideration. (Mgh.) You say also, تَرَاوَضَا فِى الأَمْرِ † They practised dissimulation, or showed feigned affection, each to the other, in, or respecting, the thing, or affair; as also تَنَاظَرَا: (TḲ in art. نظر:) التَّرَاوُضُ فِى الأَمْرِ is syn. with التَّنَاظُرُ. (M and Ḳ in art. نظر.)

ارتاض, said of a colt, (Ḳ,) and ارتاضت, (Ṣ, A,) said of a she-camel, (Ṣ,) or of a beast (دَابَّة), (A,) It became broken, or trained. (Ṣ, A,* Ḳ, TA.)

[And hence,] ارتاضت القَوَافِى لِلشَّاعِرِ ‡ [The rhymes, or verses, became rendered easy by practice to the poet]. (A, TA.)

استراض: see 4, in five places.

Also † It (water) stagnated, or remained, or collected, in a place. (TA.)

And † It (a place, Ṣ, M, Ḳ) was, or became, wide, ample, or spacious. (Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ.)

And [hence (see its part. n. below)] استراضت النَّفْسُ ‡ The mind was, or became, dilated, free from straitness, cheerful, or happy. (Ḳ, TA.)

رَوْضَةٌ (Ṣ, M, A, Mṣb, Ḳ) andرِيضَةٌ↓ (AA, A, Ḳ) andرِيِّضَةٌ↓ (TA) [seem to be best rendered, in general, A meadow; meaning, a verdant tract of land, somewhat watery; or (as in Johnson's dictionary) ground somewhat watery, not ploughed, but covered with grass and flowers: and sometimes, a garden: accord. to the following explanations:] verdant land: a place where water collects, and the herbage becomes abundant, without trees: or fresh green herbage, with water, or having water by its side; not otherwise: or, accord. to Aboo-Ziyád El-Kilábee, a tract of plain land, producing [lote-trees of the kind called] سِدْر; which may be of the extent of Baghdád: and also, of herbs, or leguminous plants, and fresh green herbage: (M:) or this last [only]: (Ṣ:) or a tract of plain land, in which are جَرَاثِيم [perhaps here meaning ants' nests, as these are generally found in soft soil,] and soft hillocks, in the low, or best and most productive, parts of a country, where water stagnates, or remains, or collects, at least a hundred cubits in extent: (M:) or a tract of sand, and of fresh green herbage, where water stagnates, or remains, or collects; so called because of the stagnation, or remaining, or collecting, of the water therein: (A, Ḳ, TA:) it is said that رَوْضَةٌ is mostly applied to a place where beasts pasture at pleasure: some say that it signifies a land having waters and trees, and sweet, or pleasant, flowers: (TA:) or a place that is pleasant with flowers; said to be so called because the waters that flow thither rest there: (Mṣb:) it is said in the 'Ináyeh, that رَوْضٌ↓ [perhaps a mistake for رَوْضَةٌ] signifies a garden; and in common conventional language, one having rivers, or rivulets: MF says that rivers, or rivulets, do not necessarily belong to the signification; but that having water does; though not in common conventional language: (TA:) accord. to Th, رَوْضَةٌ signifies a beautiful garden: (M:) the pl. of رَوْضَةٌ is رَوْضٌ↓, (Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) [or rather this is a coll. gen. n.,] and رِيَاضٌ, (Ṣ, M, A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) originally رِوَاضٌ, (Ṣ,) and رِيضَانٌ, (Lth, M, Ḳ,) originally رِوْضَانٌ, (TA,) or rather رِيضَانٌ is pl. ofرَوْضٌ↓, (M,) and رَوْضَاتٌ, (M, Mṣb,) in the dial. of Hudheyl رَوَضَاتٌ: (Mṣb:) Az says that the رياض of the hard and stony and rugged tracts in the desert are low level places, in which the rainwater stagnates, or remains, or collects, and which consequently produce various kinds of herbage, that do not quickly dry up and wither: that sometimes a رَوْضَة contains thickets of wild سِدْر: and sometimes it is a mile in length and breadth: but such as are very wide are termed قِيعَان. (TA.) It is said in a prov., أَحْسَنُ مِنْ بَيْضَةٍ فِى رَوْضَةٍ [More beautiful than an egg in a meadow, or garden]. (A, TA.) And one says, أَنَا عِنْدَكَ فِى رَوْضَةٍ ‡ [I, in thy presence, am as though I were in a meadow, or garden]: and مَجْلِسُكَ رَوْضَةٌ مِنْ رِيَاضِ الجَنَّةِ ‡ [Thy sittingplace is like a meadow, or garden, of the meadows, or gardens, of Paradise]. (A, TA.) Moḥammad is related to have said, “Between my grave, or between my house, and my pulpit is a رَوْضَة of the رِيَاض of Paradise:” meaning, accord. to Th, that he who abides in this place is as though he abode in a روضة of the رياض of Paradise. (M.) [See another tropical meaning of رِيَاضُ الجَنَّةِ voce رَتَعَ, last sentence.]

رَوْضَةٌ also signifies † Any water that collects in pools left by torrents, or the like, and in places in land or in the ground to which the rain-water flows and which retain it. (Ḳ,* TA. [In the CK, الاَخّاذات and المُسّاكات are erroneously put for الإِخَاذَات and المَسَّاكَات.])

Also, (Ḳ,) orرَوْضٌ↓, (Ṣ, M,) † About the half of a فِرْبَة [or water-skin] (Ṣ, M, Ḳ) of water: (Ṣ:) and the former, ‡ as much of water as covers the bottom of a watering-trough. (Ṣ, M, A.)

رَائِضٌ A breaker, or trainer, (M, Mṣb, Ḳ,) of colts, (Ḳ,) or of beasts (دَوَابّ): (M, Mṣb:) pl. رَاضَةٌ and رُوَّاضٌ (Ṣ M, Ḳ) and رُوَّضٌ. (M.)

رَيِّضٌ, originally رَيْوِضٌ, (Ṣ,) [in its primary sense seems to be syn. with مَرُوضٌ↓.]

[And hence it signifies] † Clement, or forbearing. (Mṣb.)

[Also, and more commonly,] applied to a she-camel, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) and to a he-camel, (Ṣ,) In the first stage of training, as yet refractory: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) and in like manner applied to a boy: (Ṣ:) or a colt, (A,) or beast, (L,) that has not received training, nor become skilled in going, or pace, (A, L,) nor become submissive to its rider: (L:) and a she-camel not trained: (A:) or, applied to a horse or the like, and to a camel, to a male and to a female, refractory; contr. of ذَلُولٌ; app. designed as an epithet of good omen, because the beast is so called only before being skilfully trained. (M.)

[Hence,] قَصِيدَةٌ رَيِّضَةُ القَوَافِى ‡ An ode of difficult rhymes; such rhymes as the poets have not extemporaneously composed: (TA:) or قَصِيدَةٌ رَيِّضَةٌ means ‡ an ode not well, or not skilfully, composed. (A.) And أَمْرٌ رَيِّضٌ ‡ An affair not well, not skilfully, or not soundly, managed, conducted, ordered, or regulated. (A, TA.)

مَرَاضٌ Hard ground in the lower, or lowest, part of a plain, or of soft ground, which retains water: pl. مَرَائِضُ and مَرَاضَاتٌ. (Az, Ḳ.)

مَرُوضٌ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) and its fem. with ة {مَرُوضَةٌ}, (Ṣ, Mṣb,) A colt, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) and she-camel, (Ṣ,) or beast (دَابَّة), (Mṣb,) broken, or trained. (Ṣ * Mṣb, Ḳ.) See also رَيِّضٌ.

أَرْضٌ مُسْتَرْوِضَةٌ Land which has produced good herbage or plants, and of which the herbs, or leguminous plants, have become erect, or strong and erect: and نَبَاتٌ مُسْتَرْوِضٌ plants which have attained their utmost size and height. (M.)

اِفْعَلْ ذَاكَ مَا دَامَتِ النَّفْسُ مُسْتَرِيضَةً ‡ Do thou that while the mind is free from straitness, cheerful, or happy, (Ṣ, M,* Mṣb, TA, [in the second of which, however, النفس is strangely made masc.,]) is from استراض said of a place, as explained above. (Ṣ.)

مُسْتَرِيضٌ is also applied, by a poet, (Ṣ, M,) El-Aghlab El-ʼIjlee, (Ṣ,) or Homeyd El-Arkat, (AḤn, M, IB,) to poetry, and to the metre termed رَجَز; (Ṣ, M;) as meaning † Easy; practicable. (M, TA.)