Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

زَهِدَ فِيهِ, (Ṣ, A, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) and عَنْهُ, (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb,) aor. ـَ {يَزْهَدُ}; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) [the most usual form of the verb;] and زَهَدَ, aor. ـَ {يَزْهَدُ}; (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ;) which is the most approved form, though MF says otherwise; (TA;) and زَهُدَ, aor. ـُ {يَزْهُدُ}; (Th, Ḳ;) inf. n. زُهْدٌ and زَهَادَةٌ (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ) and زَهْدٌ; (Sb, TA;) He abstained from it; [meaning, from something that would gratify the passions or senses;] relinquished it; forsook it; shunned, or avoided, it; did not desire it; (Ṣ, A, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ;) contr. of رَغِبَ [i. e. of رَغِبَ فِيهِ], (Ṣ, Ḳ,) and i. q. رَغِبَ عَنْهُ, (A, Mgh,) and لَمْ يُرِدْهُ, (Mgh,) and تَرَكَهُ and أَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ: (Mṣb:) or he abstained from it, meaning a thing of the lawfulness of which he was sure, so far as to take the least that was sufficient thereof, leaving the rest to God: (MF:) or زَهَادَةٌ relates only to worldly things; and زُهْدٌ, to matters of religion: (Kh, Mṣb, Ḳ:) or both signify the exercising oneself in the service of God, or in acts of devotion; as alsoتَزَهُّدٌ↓: (KL:) he who makes a difference between زَهِدَ فِيهِ and زَهِدَ عَنْهُ errs. (Mgh.)

زَهَادَةٌ and زُهْدٌ also signify [particularly The being abstinent in respect of eating;] the eating little. (A, TA.)

And زَهَدَ andازهد↓ He straitened his household, by reason of niggardliness or poverty. (TA in art. زنق.)

زَهَدَهُ, aor. ـَ {يَزْهَدُ}, (Ḳ,) inf. n. زَهْدٌ, (TA,) ‡ He computed, or determined, its quantity, measure, size, bulk, proportion, extent, amount, sum, or number; or he computed by conjecture its quantity or measure, &c., or the quantity of its fruit; as alsoازهدهُ↓, (Ḳ, TA,) inf. n. إِزْهَادٌ; andزهّدهُ↓, inf. n. تَزْهِيدٌ: all used in relation to palm-trees. (TA.) You say, زَهَدْتُ النَّخْلُ, aor. and inf. n. as above, ‡ I computed by conjecture the quantity of the fruit upon the palm-trees. (Esh-Sheybánee, Ṣ, TA.) And زَهَدْتُ المَالَ † I computed by conjecture the quantity, or amount, of the property; or the number of the camels or cattle. (JK.)

زهّدهُ فِيهِ [and عَنْهُ] He made him, or caused him, to abstain from it; to relinquish it; to forsake it; to shun, or avoid, it; or to be not desirous of it; (L, Mṣb;) i. q. زَغَّبَهُ عَنْهُ; (L;) trans. of زَهِدَ فِيهِ: (Mṣb:) [i. e.] التَّزْهِيدُ فِى الشَّىْءِ and عَنْهُ is the contr. of التَّرْغِيبُ فِيهِ. (Ṣ, Ḳ.*)

And التَّزْهِيدُ is also ‡ syn. with التَّبْخِيلُ. (Ḳ, TA. [In the CK, erroneously, التَّبْخِيلُ.]) One says, النَّاسُ يُزَهِّدُونَهُ and يُبَخِّلُونَهُ ‡ [Men, or the people, impute to him, or accuse him of, niggardliness, or stinginess]. (A, TA.) And 'Adee. Ibn-Zeyd says,

* وَلَلْبَخْلَةُ الأُولَى لِمَنْ كَانَ بَاخِلًا *

* أَعَقُّ وَمَنْ يَبْخَلْ يُلَمْ وَيُزْهَّدِ *

i. e. † [And verily the first single act of niggardliness, of him who is acting in a niggardly manner, is most undutious to parents; (app. because generosity is what they enjoin above all things;) and he who is niggardly is blamed, and] is charged with being a niggard, a low or mean or sordid man. (TA.)

See also 1.

ازهد, (JK, L,) inf. n. إِزْهَادٌ, (JK, Ṣ, L,) He was, or became, one whose property was not desired, because of its littleness; (JK, L;) he possessed little property, (Ṣ * L,) which, because of its littleness, was not desired. (L.)

See also 1.

ازهدهُ: see 1, near the end.

تزهّد He manifested, or made a show of, زُهْد [or abstinence,, &c., generally meaning exercise in the service of God, or devotion]: (KL:) [and] he devoted himself to the service of God, or to religious exercises; or applied himself to acts of devotion. (Ṣ, Mṣb.) See also 1.

تزاهدوهُ † They contemned, or despised, him, or it. (Ḳ.) It is said in a trad., of wine-drinkers, تزاهدوا الحَدَّ, i. e. they contemned the حَدّ [or prescribed castigation]; held it in little, or mean, estimation; regarded it as a small thing. (TA.) [See also what next follows {8}.]

اِزْدَهَدَهُ † He reckoned it little. (Ḳ.) You say, فُلَانٌ يَزْدَهِدُ عَطَآءَ فُلَانٍ † Such a one reckons little the gift of such a one. (ISk, Ṣ.) [See also what next precedes.]

زَهْدٌ ‡ A small quantity. (A.) You say, خُذْ زَهْدَ مَا يَكْفِيكَ (JK, Ṣ, Ḳ) ‡ Take thou the small quantity that is sufficient for thee: (A:) or as much as is sufficient for thee. (JK, Ṣ.)

زَهَدٌ ‡ The poor-rate; syn. زَكَاةٌ: (A, Ḳ:) mentioned by Aboo-Saʼeed, on the authority of Mubtekir El-Bedawee: so called, accord. to Aboo-Saʼeed, because of its littleness; the زكاة of property being the least portion of it; or, accord. to the A, because the fortieth part [which is its general proportion] is little. (TA.) So in the saying, مَا لَكَ تَمْنَعُ الزَّهَدَ ‡ [What aileth thee that thou refusest the poor-rate?]. (A, TA.)

أَرْضٌ زَهَادٌ † Land that does not flow with water except in consequence of much rain: (Ṣ:) or land that flows with water in consequence of the least rain; (ISk, JK, and TA in art. حشد;) as also حَشَادٌ; (ISk, TA in art. حشد;) [contr. of أَرْضٌ رَغَابٌ: see also زَهِيدٌ.] And زَهَادُ التِّلَاعِ † The small water-courses. (L.)

زَهِيدٌ Who eats little; (T, Ḳ;) applied to a man; (T;) [and] so زَهِيدُ الأَكْلِ; (Ṣ;) or زَهِيدُ الطَّعْمِ: (A:) and so زَهِيدٌ or زَهِيدَةٌ, (as in different places in the T,) applied to a woman: contr. of [رَغِيبٌ and] رَغِيبَةٌ. (T.) You say,فُلَانٌ زَاهِدٌ↓ زَهِيدٌ, i. e. [Such a one is abstinent,, &c., and] a small eater. (A.)

† Small in quantity or number: (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ:) so applied to a gift. (Ṣ.)

† Contemptible, despicable, mean, or paltry. (TA.)

‡ A man who possesses, or does, little, or no, good. (A, TA.)

† A man (Lḥ, TA) narrow, or niggardly, in disposition; (Lḥ, Ḳ, TA;) as alsoزَاهِدٌ↓; (Ḳ;) fem. of the former with ة {زَهِيدَةٌ}: (Lḥ, TA:) a low, ignoble, ungenerous, mean, or sordid, man; such that one does not desire what he possesses; as also زَاهِدٌ↓. (L.)

هُوَ زَهِيدُ العَيْنِ, and لَهُ عَيْنٌ زَهِيدَةٌ, ‡ He is content with little; contr. of هُوَ رَغِيبُ العَيْنِ and لَهُ عَيْنٌ رَغِيبَةٌ. (A, TA.)

وَادٍ زَهِيدٌ † A narrow valley: (JK, Ḳ:) or a valley that takes, or receives, little water; (ISh, Ṣ, TA;) that is made to flow by a slight quantity of water, even as much as a she-goat voids into it, because it is even and hard: (ISh, TA:) contr. of وَادٍ رَغِيبٌ. (TA in art. رغب.) [See also زَهَادٌ.] And زَهِيدُ الأَرْضِ † What is narrow, of land; and that from which much water does not come forth: pl. زُهْدَانٌ. (L.)

زَاهِدٌ act. part. n. of زَهِدَ [i. e. Abstaining, or abstinent; relinquishing; forsaking; shunning, or avoiding; not desiring or desirous: and particularly abstaining from, or shunning, or retiring from, worldly pleasures; exercising himself in the service of God, or in acts of devotion; a devotee]: andزِهِّيدٌ↓ has a similar, but intensive, meaning [i. e. abstaining much, or very abstinent;, &c.]: pl. of the former زُهَّادٌ. (Mṣb, TA.) See also زَهِيدٌ, in three places.

مُزْهِدٌ A man possessing little property, (JK, Ṣ, A,) so that one does not desire it. (JK.) It is said in a trad., أَفْضَلُ النَّاسِ مُؤْمِنٌ مُزْهِدٌ, meaning [The most excellent of men is a believer] possessing little property. (Ṣ, A.)