Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

زوّج شَيْئًا بِشَىْءٍ, and زوّجهُ إِلَيْهِ, [inf. n. تَزْوِيجٌ,] He coupled, or paired, a thing with a thing; united it to it as its fellow, or like. (TA.) So in the Ḳur [xliv. 54 and lii. 20], زَوَّجْنَاهُمْ بِحُورٍ عِينٍ We will couple them, or pair them, [with females having eyes like those of gazelles:] (Ṣ, Mgh, Ḳ, TA:) the meaning is not the تَزْوِيج commonly known, [i. e. marriage,] for there will be no [such] تزويج in Paradise. (MF, TA.) And so in the Ḳur [lxxxi. 7], وَإِذَا النُّفُوسُ زُوِّجَتْ And when the souls shall be coupled, or paired, or united with their fellows: (TA:) i. e., with their bodies: (Bḍ, Jel:) or, each with its register: (Bḍ:) or with its works: (Bḍ, TA:) or the souls of the believers with the حُور, and those of the unbelievers with the devils: (Bḍ:) or when each sect, or party, shall be united with those whom it has followed. (TA.) And so in the phrase, زَوَّجْتُ إِبِلِى I coupled, or paired, my camels, one with another: (A:) or زَوَّجْتُ بَيْنَ الإِبِلِ I coupled, or paired, every one of the camels with another. (TA.) So too in the Ḳur [xlii. 49], أَوْ يُزَوِّجُهُمْ ذُكْرَانًا وَإِنَاثًا Or He maketh them couples, or pairs, males and females: or, accord. to AM, maketh them of different sorts [or sexes], males and females: for

تَزْوِيجٌ signifies [also] The making to be of different sorts or species [&c.]. (TA.)

زَوَّجْتُهُ ٱمْرَأَةً, (T, Ṣ, A,* Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) thus the Arabs say accord. to Yoo (Ṣ, Mgh) and ISK, (Mgh,) making the verb doubly trans. by itself, [without a particle,] meaning I married him, or gave him in marriage, to a woman; (Mṣb, TA;) as also بِٱمْرَأَةٍ; (A, Ḳ;) Akh says that this is allowable [app. as being of the dial. of Azd-Shanooäh (see 5)]: (Mṣb, TA:) [when the verb is trans. by means of بِ, it generally has the meaning expl. in the first sentence of this art.:] زَوَّجْتُ مِنْهُ ٱمْرَأَةً is not of the language of the Arabs: (T, Mgh, TA:) [but see a similar phrase in a verse cited in art. حصن, conj. 4:] the lawyers say, زَوَّجْتُهُ مِنْهَا [meaning I married him to her]; but this is a phrase for which there is no reasonable way of accounting, unless that it is accord. to the opinion of those who hold that مِنْ may be redundant in an affirmative proposition, or that of those who hold that it may be substituted for بِ. (Mṣb.)

زاوجهُ, [inf. n. مُزَاوَجَةٌ and زِوَاجٌ] It, or he, was, or became, a couple, or pair, with it, or him: or made a coupling, or pairing, with it, or him. (MA.) [And زَاوَجَا They two formed together a couple, or pair.]

[And زاوجا, inf. n. as above, They married each other.] You say, هُذَيْلٌ يُزَاوِجُ عِكْرِمَةَ [The tribe of Hudheyl intermarry with that of ʼIkrimeh]. (A. [See also 6.])

زاوج بَيْنَهُمَا andازوج↓ ‡ [He made them two (referring to sentences or phrases) to have a mutual resemblance in their prose-rhymes, or in measure: or to be connected, each with the other; or dependent, each on the other]. (A, TA.) See also 8, in three places.

تَزَوَّجْتُ ٱمْرَأَةً, (T, Ṣ, A,* Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) thus the Arabs say accord. to Yoo (Ṣ, Mgh) and ISK, (Mgh,) meaning I married a woman; i. e., took a woman in marriage; took her as my wife; (Mṣb, TA;) as also بِٱمْرَأَةٍ; (A,* Ḳ;) or this is rare; (Ḳ;) Akh says that it is allowable; (Mṣb, TA;) and it is said to be of the dial. of AzdShanooäh, (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, TA,) by Fr; (Ṣ, TA;) but accord. to Yoo (Ṣ, Mgh) and ISK, (Mgh,) it is not of the language of the Arabs. (T, Ṣ, Mgh.) And تزوّج فِى بَنِى فُلَانٍ (A, Mṣb, TA) He married, or took a wife, among the sons of such a one. (Mṣb, TA.) And تزوّج إِلَيْهِ i. q. خَاتَنَهُ [He allied himself to him by marriage]. (Ḳ in art. ختن.)

[Hence,] تزوّجهُ النَّوْمُ † Sleep pervaded him; syn. خَالَطَهُ. (Ḳ.)

تزاوج القَوْمُ andاِزْدَوَجُوا↓ The people, or party, married one another; intermarried. (TA. [See also 3.])

See also the next paragraph {8}, in three places.

اِزْدَوَجَتِ الطَّيْرُ [The birds coupled, or paired, one with another]. (TA.)

See also 6.

اِزْدَوَجَا andتَزَاوَجَا↓ [andزَاوَجَا↓], said of two phrases, or sentences, (A, TA,) ‡ They bore a mutual resemblance in their prose-rhymes, or in measure: or were connected, each with the other; or dependent, each on the other: and in like manner, ازدوج andتزاوج↓, said of a phrase, or sentence, ‡ It was such that one part of it resembled another in the prose-rhyme, or in the measure: or consisted of two propositions connected, each with the other; or dependent, each on the other: (TA:) اِزْدِوَاجٌ andمُزَاوَجَةٌ↓ (Ṣ, A, Ḳ) andتَزَاوُجٌ↓ (Ṣ) are syn.: (Ṣ, A,* Ḳ:) ازدواج signifies A conformity, or mutual resemblance, [with respect to sound, or measure,] of two words occurring near together; as in the phrase مِنْ سَبَأٍ بِنَبَأٍ [in the Ḳur xxvii. 22]: (Kull p. 31:) and this is also termed مُزَاوَجَةٌ↓ and مُحَاذَاةٌ and مُوَازَنَةٌ and مُقَابَلَةٌ and مُؤَازَاةٌ. (Marginal note in a copy of the Muzhir, 22nd نوع.)

زَاجٌ [Vitriol;] a well-known kind of salt; (Ḳ, TA;) called شَبٌّ يَمَانِىٌّ; [but see شَبٌّ;] which is a medicinal substance, and one of the ingredients of ink: (Lth, TA:) [pl. زَاجَاتٌ, meaning species, or sorts, of vitriol; namely, green, or sulphate of iron, which is an ingredient in ink, and is generally meant by the term زاج when unrestricted by an epithet; blue, or sulphate of copper; and white, or sulphate of zinc:] it is a Pers. word, (Ṣ,) arabicized, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) originally زاگ. (TA.)

زَوْجٌ primarily signifies A sort of thing of any kind [that is one of a pair or couple]: and زَوْجَانِ signifies a pair, or couple, i. e. any two things paired or coupled together, whether they be likes or contraries: زَوْجٌ signifying either one of such two things: (Az, TA:) or, accord. to ʼAlee Ibn-ʼEesà, a sort of thing [absolutely]: (Mgh:) or a sort of thing having its like, (El-Ghooree, Mgh, Mṣb,) as in the case of species; (Mṣb;) or having its contrary, (El-Ghooree, Mgh, Mṣb,) as the moist and the dry, and the male and the female, and the night and the day, and the bitter and the sweet; (Mṣb;) though sometimes applied to any sort of thing; and to a single thing: (El-Ghooree, Mgh:) or it is applied to a single thing only when having with it a thing of the same kind; (Mgh, Mṣb;) زَوْجَانِ signifying a pair, or couple, of such things: (Mgh:) the pl. is أَزْوَاجِ: (TA:) you say زَوْجَانِ مِنْ حَمَامٍ and زَوْجَا حَمَامٍ [A pair of pigeons]: (A:) and اِشْتَرَيْتُ زَوْجَى حَمَامٍ [I bought a pair of pigeons], meaning a male and a female: (Ṣ:) and زَوْجَا نِعَالٍ [A pair of sandals]: (Ṣ, A:) and in like manner زَوْجَيْنِ is used in the Ḳur xi. 42 and xxiii. 28; (Ṣ;) meaning a male and a female: (Bḍ, Jel:) or, accord. to the M, زَوْجٌ signifies one of a pair or couple: and also a pair or couple together: (TA:) and in like manner says AO, (Mgh, Mṣb,) and IḲt, and IF: (Mṣb:) and ISh says that it signifies two; (Mgh;) and so says IDrd: (Mṣb:) so that you say, هُمَا زَوْجٌ as well as هُمَا زَوْجَانِ [meaning They two are a pair, or couple]; (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA;) like as you say, هُمَا سَوَآءٌ and هُمَا سِيَّانِ: (Ṣ, TA:) and عِنْدِى زَوْجُ نِعَالٍ, meaning [I have] two [sandals]; and زَوْجَانِ, meaning four: (Mṣb:) or زَوْجُ حَمَامٍ as meaning a male and a female [of pigeons] is a phrase which should not be used; one to which the vulgar are addicted: (TA:) IAmb says, the vulgar are wrong in thinking that زَوْجٌ signifies two; for the Arabs used not to employ such a phrase as زَوْجُ حَمَامٍ, but used to say زَوْجَانِ مِنَ الحَمَامِ, (Mgh, Mṣb, TA,) meaning a male and a female; (TA;) and زَوْجَانِ مِنَ الخِفَافِ, (Mgh, Mṣb, TA,) meaning the right and the left [of boots]: (TA:) nor did they apply the term زَوْجٌ to one of birds, like as they applied the dual, زَوْجَانِ, to two; but they applied the term فَرْدٌ to the male, and فَرْدَةٌ to the female: (Mgh, Mṣb:) Es-Sijistánee, also, says that the term زَوْجٌ should not be applied to two, neither of birds nor of other things, for this is a usage of the ignorant; but to every two, زَوْجَانِ: (Mṣb:) Az says that the grammarians disapprove the saying of ISh that زَوْجٌ signifies two of any things, (Mgh,* TA,) and that زَوْجَانِ مِنْ خِفَافٍ signifies [Two pairs of boots, or] four [boots]; for زَوْجٌ with them signifies one [of a pair or couple]: a man and his wife [together] are termed زَوْجَانِ: and ثَمَانِيَةَ أَزْوَاجٍ in the Ḳur [vi. 144 and xxxix. 8] means Eight ones [of pairs or couples]: the primary meaning of زَوْجٌ being that first mentioned in this paragraph; (TA:) in the Ḳur xxii. 5 and 1. 7 [it seems to be implied that it means pair or couple; but more probably in these instances] it means sort, or species: (Bḍ, Jel:) it is also expl. by the word لَوْنٌ [used in this last sense]: (T, TA;) in the Ḳur xxxviii. 58, its pl. أَزْوَاجٌ means أَلْوَانٌ and أَنْوَاعٌ [i. e. sorts, or species] of punishment: F explains the sing. as meaning لَوْنٌ مِنَ الدِّيبَاجِ وَنَحْوِهِ [a sort, or species, of silk brocade and the like]; but his restricting the signification by the words من الديباج ونحوه is not right, as is shown by a citation, in the T, of a verse of El-Aạshà, in which he uses the phrase كُلُّ زَوْجٍ مِنَ الدِّيبَاجِ [every sort, or species, of silk brocade], as an ex. of زوج in the sense of لون. (TA.)

[Hence,] A woman's husband: and a man's wife: in which latter sense زَوْجَةٌ↓ is also used; (Ṣ, M, A, Mgh,* Mṣb, Ḳ;*) as in a verse of El-Farezdaḳ cited in art بول, conj. 10; (Ṣ, Mgh;) but it is disallowed by Aṣ; (TA;) and the former word is the one of high authority, (Mgh, Mṣb,) and is that which occurs in the Ḳur, in ii. 33 and vii. 18, (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, TA,) and in iv. 24, (Mgh, TA,) and in xxxiii. 37: (Mgh:) AḤát says that the people of Nejd call a wife زَوْجَةٌ↓, and that the people of the Haram use this word: but ISk says that the people of El-Ḥijáz call a wife زَوْجٌ; and the rest of the Arabs, زَوْجَةٌ↓: the lawyers use this latter word only, as applied to a wife, for the sake of perspicuity, fearing to confound the male with the female: (Mṣb:) the pl. of زَوْجٌ is أَزْوَاجٌ (Mṣb, Ḳ *) and زِوَجَةٌ; (Ḳ;) and the pl. ofزَوْجَةٌ↓ is زَوْجَاتٌ (A, Mgh, Mṣb) and أَزْوَاجٌ also; (A, Mṣb;) and أَزَاوِيجُ occurs [as a pl. pl., i. e. pl. of أَزْوَاجُ,] in a verse cited by ISk. (TA in art. نأج.)

[Hence also,] A consociate, an associate, or a comrade: (A:) its pl. in this sense is أَزْوَاجٌ, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) occurring in the Ḳur xxxvii. 22. (Ṣ, A.)

And A fellow, or like: pl. أَزْوَاجٌ: in this sense, each one of a pair of boots is the زوج of the other; and the husband is the زوج of the wife; and the wife, the زوج of the husband. (TA.) You say, عِنْدِى مِنْ هٰذَا أَزْوَاجٌ I have, of this, fellows, or likes. (TA.)

As used by arithmeticians, (Mgh, Mṣb,) contr. of فَرْدٌ; (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ;) i. e. it signifies An even number; a number that may be divided into two equal numbers; (Mṣb;) as, for instance, four, and eight, as opposed to three, and seven: (Mgh:) pl. أَزْوَاجٌ. (Ṣ, Mgh.) One says زَوْجٌ أَوْ فَرْدٌ [Even or odd?], like as one says خَسًا أَوْ زَكًا [or rather زَكًا أَوْ خَسًا] and شَفْعٌ أَوْ وِتْرٌ. (Ṣ, Mgh.)

Also A [kind of cloth such as is termed] نَمَط [q. v.]: or silk brocade; syn. دِيبَاجٌ: (TA:) or a نَمَط that is thrown over the [kind of vehicle called] هَوْدَج. (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA.)

زَوْجِيَّةٌ andزَوَاجٌ↓ [The marriage-state, or simply marriage]: the latter is a subst. from زَوَّجَ, [i. e. a quasi-inf. n.,] like سَلَامٌ from سَلَّمَ, and كَلَامٌ from كَلَّمَ. (Mṣb.) You say, بَيْنَهُمَا حَقُّ الزَّوْجِيَّةِ andالزَّوَاجِ↓ [Between them two is the right of the marriage-state, or of marriage]: (A, Mṣb:) and الزِّوَاجِ is also allowable as [an inf. n. of 3,] coordinate to المُزَاوَجَة. (Mṣb.)

مِزْوَاجٌ A woman who marries often: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) one who has had many husbands. (Ḳ.)