Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

سَحَرَهُ He, or it, hit, or hurt, his سَحْر [or lungs,, &c.], (Mgh, TA,) or his سُحْرَة [i. e. heart]. (TA.)

And the same, aor. ـَ {يَسْحَرُ}, inf. n. سِحْرٌ, (T, TA,) [said to be] the only instance of a pret. and aor. and inf. n. of these measures except the verb فَعَلَ, aor. يَفْعَلُ, inf. n. فِعْلٌ, (MF,) ‡ He turned it, (T,) or him, (TA,) عَنْ وَجْهِهِ [from its, or his, course, or way, or manner of being]: and hence other significations here following. (T, TA. [Accord. to the T, this seems to be proper; but accord. to the A, tropical.]) In this sense the verb is used in the Ḳur xxiii. 91. (Fr.) The Arabs say to a man, مَا سَحَرَكَ عَنْ وَجْهِ كَذَا وَكَذَا ‡ What has turned thee from such and such a course? (Yoo.) أُفِكَ and سُحِرَ are syn. [as meaning ‡ He was turned from his course, &c.]. (TA.)

And ‡ He turned him from hatred to love. (TA.)

Hence, (TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (T, Ṣ, TA,) and inf. n. also سَحْرٌ, (KL, TA,) ‡ He enchanted, or fascinated, him, or it; (Ṣ,* Ḳ,* KL, PṢ;) and soسحّرهُ↓ (MA, TA) [in an intensive or a frequentative sense, meaning he enchanted, or fascinated, him, or it, much, or (as shown by an explanation of its pass. part. n.) time after time]: and سَحَرَ عَيْنَهُ He enchanted, or fascinated, his eye. (MA.) You say, سَحَرَ الشَّىْءَ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ, meaning ‡ He (an enchanter, سَاحِرٌ) apparently turned the thing from its proper manner of being, making what was false to appear in the form of the true, or real; causing the thing to be imagined different from what it really was. (T, TA. [See سِحْرٌ, below.]) And المَرْأَةُ تَسْحَرُ النَّاسَ بِعَيْنِهَا ‡ [The woman enchants, or fascinates, men by her eye]. (A.) And سَحَرَهُ بِكَلَامِهِ † He caused him, or enticed him, to incline to him by his soft, or elegant, speech, and by the beauty of its composition. (Mṣb.)

‡ He deceived, deluded, beguiled, circumvented, or outwitted, him; (Ṣ, Mgh, Ḳ;*) as alsoسحّرهُ↓, [but app. in an intensive or a frequentative sense,] (Ḳ, TA,) inf. n. تَسْحِيرٌ. (TA. [Accord. to the Mgh, the former verb in this sense seems to be derived from the same verb in the first of the senses expl. in this art.])

And in like manner, † He diverted him [with a thing], as one diverts a child with food, that he may be contented, and not want milk; syn. عَلَّلَهُ; as alsoسحّرهُ↓, inf. n. تَسْحِيرٌ. (Ṣ, TA.) One says, سَحَرَهُ بِالطَّعَامِ وَالشَّرَابِ, andسحّرهُ↓, † He fed him, and diverted him [from the feeling of want], with meat and drink. (TA.)

And سَحَرْتُ الفِضَّةَ † I gilded the silver. (Ḥam p. 601.)

سِحْرٌ is also syn. with فَسَادٌ [as quasi-inf. n. of أَفْسَدَ, as is indicated in the TA; thus signifying The act of corrupting, marring, spoiling,, &c.: see the pass. part. n. مَسْحُورٌ]. (TA.) [Hence,] one says, سَحَرَ المَطَرُ الطِّينَ and التُّرَابَ, † The rain spoiled the clay, and the earth, or dust, so that it was not fit for use. (TA.)

And one says of the adhesion of the lungs to the side by reason of thirst, يَسْحَرُ أَلْبَانَ الغَنَمِ, meaning † It causes the milk of the sheep, or goats, to descend before bringing forth. (TA.)

سَحَرَ also signifies He went, or removed, to a distance, or far away; syn. تَبَاعَدَ; (T, Ḳ;) said of a man. (T, TA.)

سَحِرَ, aor. ـَ {يَسْحَرُ}, † He went forth early in the morning, in the first part of the day; or between the time of the prayer of daybreak and sunrise; syn. بَكَّرَ. (O, Ḳ. [See also 4.])

سحّر, inf. n. تَسْحِيرٌ: see 1, in four places.

Also ‡ He fed another, or others, with the food, or meal, called the سَحُور: (M, Mgh, TA:) or سَحَّرَهُمْ signifies he gave to them the meal so called. (Mgh.)

اسحر ‡ He was, or became, in the time called the سَحَر; (Ṣ, A, Ḳ;) as alsoاستحر↓. (TA.) And ‡ He went, or journeyed, in the time so called: (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA:) or he rose to go, or journey, in that time; and soاستحر↓: (TA:) or this latter signifies he went forth in that time. (A. [See also 1, last sentence.])

تسحّر (A, Mgh, Mṣb) and تسحّر السَّحُورَ (Az, TA) ‡ He ate the food, or meal, [or drank the draught of milk,] called the سَحُور. (Az, A, Mgh, Mṣb, TA.)

And تسحّر بِهِ ‡ He ate it, (Ṣ,* Ḳ,* TA,) namely, food, or سَوِيق [q. v.], [or drank it, namely, milk,] at the time called the سَحَر. (TA.)

استحر: see 4, in two places.

Also † He (a cock) crowed at the time called the سَحَر: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) and he (a bird) sang, warbled, or uttered his voice, at that time. (TA.)

سَحْرٌ, andسَحَرٌ↓, (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) sometimes thus because of the faucial letter, (Ṣ,) andسُحْرٌ↓, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) and, accord. to El-Khafájee, in the 'Ináyeh, سِحْرٌ↓, but this is not mentioned by any other, and therefore requires confirmation, (TA,) The lungs, or lights: (Ṣ, A, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ:) or what adheres to the gullet and the windpipe, of [the contents of] the upper part of the belly: or all that hangs to the gullet, consisting of the heart and liver and lungs: (Mṣb, TA:) and the part of the exterior of the body corresponding to the place of the lungs: (Mgh, TA:*) and سَحْرٌ signifies also the liver; and the core, or black or inner part, (سَوَاد,) and sides, or regions, of the heart: (TA:) andسُحْرٌ↓, the heart; (El-Jarmee, Ḳ;) as alsoسُحْرَةٌ↓: (TA:) the pl. (of سَحْرٌ, Ṣ, Mṣb) is سُحُورٌ, and (ofسُحْرٌ↓, Ṣ, Mṣb, and ofسَحَرٌ↓, Mṣb) أَسْحَارٌ. (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ.)

Hence, اِنْتَفَخَ سَحْرُهُ, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) andاِنْتَفَخَتْ مَسَاحِرُهُ↓, (A, Ḳ,) ‡ His lungs became inflated, or swollen, by reason of timidity and cowardice: (A:) said of a coward: (Ṣ:) and of one who has exceeded his due bounds: Lth says that, when repletion arises in a man, one says انتفخ سحره, and that the meaning is, [as given also in the Ḳ,] he exceeded his due bounds: but Az says that this is a mistake, and that this phrase is only said of a coward, whose inside is filled with fear, and whose lungs are inflated, or swollen, so that the heart is raised to the gullet: and of the same kind is the phrase in the Ḳur [xxxiii. 10] وَبَلَغَتِ القُلُوبُ الحَنَاجِرَ. (TA.)

And المُقَطَّعَةُ الأَسْحَارِ, and السُّحُورِ, † [She that has her lungs burst asunder], an appellation given to the أَرْنَب [i. e. hare, or female hare], (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or to the swift ارنب, (TA in art. قطع,) by way of good omen, meaning that her lungs will burst asunder; like المُقَطَّعَةُ النِّيَاطِ: (Ṣ:) and some (of those of later times, Ṣ) say المُقَطِّعَةُ, with kesr to the ط; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) as though, by her speed and vehemence of running, she would burst asunder her lungs; (Ṣ;) or because she bursts the lungs of the dogs by the vehemence of her running, and the lungs of him who purses her. (ISh, Ṣgh.)

And اِنْقَطَعَ مِنْهُ سَحْرِى ‡ I despaired of him, or it. (A, Ḳ.) And أَنَا مِنْهُ غَيْرُ صَرِيمِ سَحْرٍ ‡ I am not in despair of him, or it. (A, B.) صَرِيمُ سَحْرٍ is also expl. as signifying ‡ Having his hope cut off: and ‡ anything despaired of. (TA.) And صُرِمَ سَحْرُهُ means ‡ His hope was cut off. (TA.)

Also The scar of a gall on the back of a camel, (Ḳ, TA,) when it has healed, and the place thereof has become white. (TA.)

And The upper, or highest, part of a valley. (TA.)

See also سَحَّارَةٌ.

And see سَحَرٌ, in two places.

سِحْرٌ: see سَحْرٌ, first sentence.

[Also] an inf. n. of سَحَرَهُ, meaning ‡ The turning a thing from its proper manner of being to another manner: (T, TA: [accord. to the T, this seems to be proper; but accord. to the A, tropical:]) and hence, (T, TA,) ‡ enchantment, or fascination: (T,* Ṣ,* MA, KL, PṢ:) for when. the enchanter (السَّاحِرُ) makes what is false to appear in the form of truth, and causes a thing to be imagined different from what it really is, it is as though he turned it from its proper manner of being: (T, TA:) the producing what is false in the form of truth: (IF, Mṣb:) or, in the common conventional language of the law, any event of which the cause is hidden, and which is imagined to be different from what it really is: and embellishment by falsification, and deceit: (Fakhred-Deen, Mṣb:) or a performance in which one allies himself to the devil, and which is effected by his aid: (TA:) i. q. أَخْذَةٌ [meaning a kind of enchantment, or fascination, which captivates the eye and the like, and by which enchantresses withhold their husbands from other women]: (Ṣ:) and anything of which the way of proceeding or operation (مَأْخَذُهُ) is subtile: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) accord. to Ibn-Abee-ʼÁïsheh, سِحْر is thus called by the Arabs because it changes health, or soundness, to disease: (Sh:) [and in like manner it is said to change hatred to love: (see 1:)] pl. أَسْحَارٌ and سُحُورٌ. (TA.)

Also ‡ Skilful eloquence: (TA:) or used absolutely, it is applied to that for which the agent is blamed: and when restricted, to that which is praiseworthy. (Mṣb.) Thus it is in the saying of Moḥammad, إِنَّ مِنَ البَيَانِ لَسِحْرًا ‡ [Verily there is a kind of eloquence that is enchantment]: because the speaker propounds an obscure matter, and discloses its true meaning by the beauty of his eloquence, inclining the hearts [of his hearers] in like manner as they are inclined by سِحْر: or because there is in eloquence a novelty and strangeness of composition which attracts the hearer and brings him to such a pass as almost diverts him from other things; therefore it is likened to سِحْر properly so called: and it is said to be السِّحْرُ الحَلَالُ [or lawful enchantment]. (Mṣb.) The saying of Moḥammad mentioned above was uttered on the following occasion: Keys Ibn-'Ásim El-Minkaree and Ez-Zibrikán Ibn-Bedr and ʼAmr Ibn-El-Ahtam came to the Prophet, who asked ʼAmr respecting Ez-Zibrikán; whereupon he spoke well of him: but Ez-Zibrikán was not content with this, and said, “By God, O apostle of God, he knows that I am more excellent than he has said; but he envies the place that I have in thine estimation:” and thereupon ʼAmr spoke ill of him; and then said, “By God, I did not lie of him in the first saying nor in the other; but he pleased me, and I spoke as pleased; then he angered me, and I spoke as angered:” then Moḥammad uttered the above-mentioned words. (TA.) Their meaning is, but God knows best, he praises the man, speaking truth respecting him, so as to turn the hearts of the hearers to him, (Ḳ,) or to what he says; (TA;) and he dispraises him, speaking truth respecting him, so as to turn their hearts also to him, (Ḳ,) or to what he says after. (TA.) A' Obeyd says nearly the same. Or, as some say, the meaning is, that there is an eloquence that is sinful like سِحْر. (TA.)

Also ‡ Skill; science: Moḥammad said, مَنْ تَعَلَّمَ بَابًا مِنَ النُّجُومِ فَقَدْ تَعَلَّمَ بَابًا مِنَ السِّحْرِ ‡ [He who learneth a process of the science of the stars (meaning astrology or astronomy) learneth a process of enchantment], which may mean that the science of the stars is forbidden to be learned, like the science of enchantment, and that the learning of it is an act of infidelity: or it may mean that it is skill, and science; referring to what is acquired thereof by way of calculation; as the knowledge of eclipses of the sun or moon, and the like. (ISd, TA.)

Also ‡ Food; aliment; nutriment: so called because its effect is subtile. (TA.)

غَيْثٌ ذُو سِحْرٍ means † Superabundant rain. (TA.)

سَحَرٌ: see سَحْرٌ, in two places.

Also, (Ṣ, A, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ, &c.,) andسَحْرٌ↓, (TA,) andسُحُرٌ↓, (Mṣb,) andسَحَرِىٌّ↓, andسَحَرِيَّةٌ↓, (Ḳ,) ‡ The time a little before daybreak: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) or [simply] before daybreak: (Mṣb:) or the last part of the night: (Lth, Mgh:) or the last sixth of the night: (Mgh:) the pl. of سَحَرٌ (Mṣb) and of سَحْرٌ↓ (TA) and of سُحُرٌ↓, (Mṣb,) is أَسْحَارٌ: (Mṣb, Ḳ, TA:) the سَحَر is thus met. called because it is the time of the departure of the night and the coming of the day; so that it is the مُتَنَفَّس [lit. the “time of the breathing,” by which is meant the “shining forth,”] of the dawn: (A:) there are two times of which each is thus called; one, which is [specially] called السَّحَرُ الأَعْلَى, [or the earlier سَحَر,] (A, Mgh,) is before daybreak; (Mgh;) or a little before daybreak: (A:) and the other, at daybreak: (A, Mgh:) like as one says “the false dawn” and “the true:” (A:) the earlier سَحَر is also called سُحْرَةٌ↓: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) or the سُحْرَة is the same as the سَحَر: or it is the last third of the night, to daybreak. (TA.) Using سَحَر indeterminately, you make it perfectly decl., and say, أَتَيْتُهُ بِسَحَرٍ [I came to him a little before daybreak], agreeably with the phrase in the Ḳur liv. 34; (Ṣ;) and in like manner,بِسُحْرَةٍ↓ [in the earlier سَحَر]: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) you also say سَحَرًا, andسُحْرَةً↓, (A,) and سَحَرًا مِنَ الأَسْحَارِ: and مَا زَالَ عِنْدَنَا مُنْذُ السَّحَرِ [He ceased not to be with us, or at our abode, from a little before daybreak]: and لَقِيتُهُ بِالسَّحَرِ الأَعْلَى, and بِأَعْلَى سَحَرَيْنِ, and بِأَعْلَى السَّحَرَيْنِ, (TA,) and فِى أَعْلَى السَّحَرَيْنِ, (A, TA,) [I met him in the earlier سَحَر;] but بِأَعْلَى سَحَرٍ, a phrase used by El-ʼAjjáj, is erroneous: (TA:) andلَقِيتُهُ سَحَرِىَّ↓ هٰذِهِ اللَّيْلَةِ andسَحَرِيَّتَهَا↓ [I met him in the time a little before daybreak of this last night]. (TA.) When, by سَحَر alone, you mean the سَحَر of the night immediately preceding, you say, لَقِيتُهُ سَحَرَ يَا هٰذَا [I met him a little before daybreak this last night, O thou man], (Ṣ, Ḳ,) making it imperfectly decl. because it is altered from السَّحَرَ, (Ṣ,) or because it is for بِالسَّحَرِ; (TA;) and it is thus determinate by itself, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) without its being prefixed to another noun and without ال: (Ṣ:) and in the same sense you say بِسَحَرَ: (TA:) and you say, سِرْ عَلَى فَرَسِكَ سَحَرَ يَا فَتَى [Go thou on thy horse a little before daybreak this night, O youth: so in the TA; but in two copies of the Ṣ, for سِرْ I find سِيرَ]: you do not make it to terminate with damm, [like قَبْلُ and بَعْدُ, &c.,] because it is an adv. n. which, in a place where it is fitting to be such, may not be used otherwise than as such: (Ṣ:) and [in like manner] you say, لَقِيتُهُ سُحْرَةَ↓ يَا هٰذَا [I met him in the earlier سَحَر of this last night, O thou man]. (TA.) If you make سَحَر the proper name of a man, it is perfectly decl.: and so is the dim.; for it is not of the measure of a noun made to deviate from its original from, like أُخَرُ: you say, سِرْ عَلَى فَرَسِكَ سُحَيْرًا↓ [Go thou on thy horse a very little before daybreak: so in the TA; but here again, in two copies of the Ṣ, for سِرْ I find سِيرَ]: you do not make it to terminate with damm, [like قَبْلُ, &c.,] because its being made of the dim. form does not bring it into the class of adv. ns. which may also be used as nouns absolutely, though it does bring it into the class of nouns which are perfectly declinable. (Ṣ, TA.)

سَحَرٌ also signifies ‡ Whiteness overspreading blackness; (Ḳ;) like صَحَرٌ; except that the former is mostly used in relation to the time so called, of daybreak; and the latter, in relation to colours, as when one says حِمَارٌ أَصْحَرُ; (TA;) andسُحْرَةٌ↓ signifies the same; (TA;) i. q. صُحْرَةٌ. (Ḳ.)

And ‡ The extremity (T, A, Ḳ) of a desert, (T,) and of the earth or a land, (A,) or of anything: (Ḳ:) from the time of night so called: (A:) pl. أَسْحَارٌ. (T, A, Ḳ.)

سَحُورٌ A meal, or food, (Mgh, Mṣb, TA,) or [particularly] سَوِيق [generally meaning meal of parched barley], that is eaten at the time called the سَحَر; (Ṣ,* Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ* TA;) or a draught of milk that is drunk at that time. (TA.) It is repeatedly mentioned in trads. [relating to Ramadán, when the Muslim is required to be exact in the time of this meal], and mostly as above; but some say that it is correctly [in these cases] with damm, [i. e. سُحُور, which see below,] because the blessing and recompense have respect to the action, and not to the food. (TA.)

سُحُورٌ, an inf. n. [without a verb properly belonging to it, or rather a quasi-inf. n., for its verb is تَسَحَّرَ], (TA,) The act of eating the meal, or food, [or drinking the draught of milk,] called the سَحُور [q. v.]. (Mṣb, TA.)

سَحِيرٌ: see مَسْحُورٌ.

Also A man having his lungs (سَحْرُهُ) ruptured; and soسَحِرٌ↓. (TA.)

And Having a complaint of the belly, (Ḳ, TA,) from pain of the lungs. (TA.)

And A horse large in the belly, (Ḳ,) or in the جَوْف [which often means the chest]. (TA.)

[And An arrow wounding the lungs: so accord. to Freytag in the “Deewán el-Hudhaleeyeen.”]

سُحَارَةٌ The parts, of a sheep or goat, that the butcher plucks out (Ḳ, TA) and throws away, (TA,) consisting of the lungs, or lights, (سَحْر) and the windpipe, (Ḳ, TA,) and the appendages of these. (TA.)

سَحَّارَةٌ ‡ A certain plaything of children; (A, Ḳ, TA;) having a string attached to it; (A;) which, when extended in one direction, turns out to be of one colour; and when extended in another direction, turns out to be of another colour: (A,* TA:) it is also called سَحْرٌ↓: and whatever. resembles it is called by the former appellation: so says Lth. (TA.)

سَاحِرٌ ‡ [An enchanter;] a man who practices سِحْر; as alsoسَحَّارٌ↓ [in an intensive sense, or denoting habit or frequency]: pl. of the former سَحَرَةٌ and سُحَّارٌ; and of↓ the latter, سَحَّارُونَ only, for it has no broken pl. (TA.) [Hence,] one says, لَهَا عَيْنٌ سَاحِرَةٌ ‡ [She has an enchanting, or a fascinating, eye], and عُيُونٌ سَوَاحِرُ [enchanting, or fascinating, eyes]. (A, TA.) And أَرْضٌ سَاحِرَةُ السَّرَابِ ‡ [A land of delusive mirage].(A, TA.)

And † Knowing, skilful, or intelligent. (Ṣ,* TA.)

مُسَحَّرٌ, of which the pl. occurs in the Ḳur xxvi. 153 and 185, means Having سُحْر or سَحْر [i. e. lungs]; (Bḍ, TA;) or created with سَحْر [or lungs]; (Ṣ;) i. e. a human being: (Bḍ:) or diverted [from want] with food and drink: (Ṣ,* TA:) and this seems to be implied by the explanation in the Ḳ; which is hollow; from Fr: (TA:) or enchanted time after time, so that his intellect is disordered, or rendered unsound: (A, TA:) or enchanted much, so that his reason is overcome: (Bḍ, Jel:) [see also مَسْحُورٌ:] or deceived, deluded, beguiled, circumvented, or outwitted. (TA.)

مَسْحُورٌ Having his lungs (سَحْرُهُ), or his heart (سُحْرَتُهُ), hit, or hurt; as alsoسَحِيرٌ↓ [q. v.]. (TA.)

[‡ Enchanted, or fascinated.]

† Deprived of his reason or intellect; corrupted or disordered [in his intellect]. (IAạr, Sh.) [See also مُسَحَّرٌ.]

† Food (طَعَامٌ) marred, or spoilt, (Ḳ, TA,) in the making thereof. (TA.) † Herbage marred, or spoilt. (TA.) † A place marred, or spoilt, by much rain, or by scantiness of herbage. (Ḳ.) The fem., with ة {مَسْحُورَةٌ}, accord. to Az, signifies † Land (أَرْضٌ) marred, or spoilt, by superabundant rain, or by scantiness of herbage: accord. to ISh, † land in which is little milk; i. e. [because] without herbage: accord. to Z, [in the A,] ‡ land that produces no herbage. (TA.)

And the fem. {مَسْحُورَةٌ}, applied to a she-goat, ‡ Having little milk: (A, TA:) or large in her udder, but having little milk. (Ḥam p. 26.)