Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

سَدَا بِيَدَيْهِ, (M,) or بِيَدِهِ, (Ḳ,) [aor. يَسْدُو,] inf. n. سَدْوٌ, (Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) He stretched forth (Ṣ, M, Ḳ) his arms or hands, or, as when said of a camel, his fore legs, (M,) or his arm or hand, or his fore leg, (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) إِلَيْهِ [towards him or it], (CK,) or نَحْوَ الشَّىْءِ [towards the thing], like as do camels (كَمَا تَسْدُو الإِبِلُ) in their going along; (TA;) as alsoاستدى↓, (M, Ḳ, TA,) in [some of] the copies of the Ḳ اسدى, but the former is the right. (TA.) You say of a man, سَدَا, aor. يَسْدُو, He stretched forth his arm, or hand, towards a thing: and of a camel, سَدَا, inf. n. سَدْوٌ, he stretched forth his fore leg in going along: (Mṣb:) or of a she-camel, سَدَتْ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) aor. تَسْدُو, inf. n. سَدْوٌ, (Ṣ,) she went with wide steps; (Ḳ;) or she stretched forth her arms in going along, and went with wide steps: and مَا أَحْسَنَ سَدْوَ رِجْلَيْهَا وَأَتْوَ يَدَيْهَا [How good, or beautiful, is her stretching forth of her hind legs, and her returning of her fore legs in her going!]. (Ṣ.) See also سَتَى.

سَدَا, (M,) or يَسْدُو, (Ṣ,) سَدْوَ↓ كَذَا, (Ṣ, M,) He went, (M,) or he goes, (Ṣ,) towards, or in the direction of, such a thing; (Ṣ, M;) said of a man. (Ṣ.)

سَدْوٌ also signifies The going at random, heedlessly, or in a headlong manner, without consideration, or without any certain aim, or object, not obeying a guide to the right course, in journeying; (Ṣ, M;) said in relation to camels and horses. (M.)

Hence, (M,) سَدَا بِالجَوْز, (Ḳ,) aor. يَسْدُو, (TA,) inf. n. سَدْوٌ, (M, TA,) He (a boy, or child,) played with walnuts, (M, Ḳ, TA,) throwing them into a hole; (TA;) a dial. var. of زَدَا; (Ḳ;) or, accord. to the T, the latter is of the dial. of children; (TA;) as alsoاستدى↓, (M, Ḳ, TA,) in [some of] the copies of the Ḳ, erroneously, اسدى. (TA.) See also مِدْحَاةٌ, in art. دحو.

See also 5.

سَدِيَتِ اَلأَرْضُ The land was, or became, moistened by much dew, (Ṣ, Mṣb,) either from the sky or from the ground. (Ṣ.) And سَدِيَتِ اللَّيْلَةُ The night was, or became, moist with much dew. (M,* TA.)

سَدِىَ البُسْرُ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or البَلَحُ, (M,) inf. n. سَدًى; (TA;) andأَسْدَى↓; (M;) The dates in the state in which they are termed بلح, or بلح, [see these words,] were, or became, lax in their ثَفَارِيق [or bases, so as to be easily detached therefrom], (Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) and moist. (M.)

see 4, first three sentences, in four places.

[Hence,] one says of honey, يُسَدِّيهِ النَّحْلُ † [The bees make, prepare, or produce, it]. (M.)

See 4, again, in two places.

See also 5.

اسدى الثَّوْبَ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) and استاهُ; (Ṣ;) as alsoسدّاهُ↓, (Ḳ,) inf. n. تَسْدِيَةٌ; (TA;) andتسدّاهُ↓; (Ḳ;) He set, or disposed, the warp (السَّدَى) of the garment, or piece of cloth; (Ṣ,* Mṣb, Ḳ,* TA;) he made a warp (سَدًى) in the garment, or piece of cloth: (Ḥar p. 241:) orسدّاهُ↓ means he did so for another; andتسدّاهُ↓, he did so for himself. (M, TA.) [Golius explainsسدّى↓ as signifying also “Oblivit telam viscosiore aquâ, ut cui mistus fuerit panis, quod fit roboris conciliandi ergo;” as on the authority of the KL; in my copy of which I find only its inf. n., تَسْدِيَةٌ, expl. as meaning the weaver's making a warp in a garment, or piece of cloth (تار درجامه كردن جولاه): and Freytag adds, as a signification assigned to the same verb by Jac. Schultens, “Cirris s. fimbriis ornavit vestem.”]

[Hence,] one says,هُوَ يُسَدِّى↓ الأُمُورَ وَيُنِيرُهَا (A in art. نير) or يُسْدِى (TA in that art.) [meaning † He commences things, or affairs, and completes them]. And أَلْحِمْ مَا أَسْدَيْتَ † Complete what thou hast commenced (Ṣ and Ḳ in art. لحم) of beneficence. (Ṣ in that art.)

Hence also, اسدى بَيْنَهُمْ حَدِيثًا i. q. نَسَجَهُ [i. e. ‡ He wove, or composed, or he forged, a discourse between them]. (M, TA.)

And اسدى بَيْنَهُمَا i. q. أَصْلَحَ [i. e. † He effected a rectification of affairs, an agreement, a harmony, or a reconciliation, between them two]. (AA, Az, Ḳ.)

And اسدى إِلَيْهِ † He did a benefit to him; as alsoسدّى↓, inf. n. تَسْدِيَةٌ: (Ḳ:) or اسدى إِلَيْهِ سَدًى, andسدّاهُ↓ عَلَيْهِ, (M, TA, [thus in the latter case, عليه, not اليه,]) or اسدى إِلَيْهِ مَعْزُوفًا, (Mṣb,) he did to him, or conferred upon him, a benefit, benefaction, favour, or the like: (M,* Mṣb, TA:) [app. from اسدى الثَّوْبَ, and سدّاهُ; and accordingly mentioned in the M in art. سدى: or] it is from سدى [or rather سَدَا, inf. n. سَدْوٌ,] as meaning “he (a camel) put forward his fore legs in going along;” for he of whom one says أَسْدَاكَ خَيْرًا [he did to thee good, like أَسْدَى إِلَيْكَ خَيْرًا,] is as though he stretched forth to the his arm, or hand, therewith, advancing: (Ḥam p. 696:) you say, اسدى نِعْمَةً, meaning اِصْطَنْع [i. e. he did a benefit,, &c.]. (Idem p. 759.)

You say also, طَلَبْتُ أَمْرًا فَأَسْدَيْتُهُ i. e. † [I sought a thing, and] I attained it, or obtained it: [as though meaning I stretched forth my hand to it and reached it:] if you do not attain it, or obtain it, you say, أَعْمَسْتُهُ: (Ṣ:) or إِسْدَآءٌ signifies the attaining quickly. (KL. [There expl. by the words زود دريافتن: for which Golius seems to have found in his copy زود رفتن; for he has assigned to اسدى, as on the authority of the KL, the meaning of cito incessit.])

اسداهُ also signifies He left, let alone, or neglected, him, or it: (Ḳ:) he left him to himself, uncontrolled, (M, Mṣb,) neither commanded nor forbidden. (M.) And you say, أَسْدَيْتُ إِبِلِى, (AZ, T, Ṣ,) inf. n. إِسْدَآءٌ, (AZ, T,) I left my camels to pasture by themselves. (AZ, T, Ṣ.)

اسدى البَلَحُ: see 1, last sentence.

اسدى النَّخْلُ The palm-trees had dates such as are termed سَدٍ. (Aṣ, T, Ṣ, Ḳ.)

تسدّاهُ: see 4, first sentence, in two places.

Also He mounted it, or mounted upon it; (M, Ḳ;) he was, or became, or got, upon it; (Ṣ, M, Ḳ;) syn. رَكِبَهُ, (M, Ḳ,) and عَلَاهُ; (Ṣ, M, Ḳ;) namely, a thing. (M.) A poet says, (Ṣ, TA,) namely, Imra-el-Ḳeys, (TA,)

* فَثَوْبًا نَسِيتُ وَثَوْبًا أَجُرْ *

* فَلَمَّا دَنَوْتُ تَسَدَّيْتُهَا *

[And when I drew near, I got upon her, and a garment I forgot, or neglected, and a garment I was dragging upon the ground: أَجُرْ being for أَجُرُّ]. (Ṣ, TA.) And سدى جَارِيَتَهُ [orسَدَا↓ (for تسدّاهُ meaning as expl. above is mentioned in the M in art. سدو), or it may be سدّى↓] signifies [in like manner] عَلَاهَا. (TA.)

And He followed him, (Ḳ, TA,) and overtook him. (TA.)

And He overcame, or overpowered, him; namely, a man. (TA.) And He conquered, or mastered, it; namely, an affair. (TA.)

استدى: see 1, in two places.

Also, said of a horse, He sweated. (Ḳ.)

سَدْوٌ inf. n. of سَدَا. (Ṣ, M, Ḳ.) Hence, سَدَا سَدْوَ كَذا or يَسْدُو سَدْوَ كَذَا: see 1. And خَطَبَ الأَمِيرُ فَمَا زَالَ عَلَى سَدْوٍ وَاحِدٍ i. e. [The prince, or commander, recited an oration, or a harangue,, &c., and ceased not to keep to] one proserhyme. (M.)

سَدًى of a garment, or piece of cloth, (Ṣ, M, Ḳ, &c.,) The warp; (MA, KL;) contr. of لُحْمَةٌ; (Ṣ, M, Mṣb;) i. e. (Mṣb [in the M “and it is said to mean”]) the portion [or threads] thereof extended longitudinally (M,* Mṣb, Ḳ *) in the weaving: (Mṣb:) and it is said to mean the lower, or lowest, part thereof: (M: [but this is a strange explanation, which I do not find elsewhere:]) it is [said to be] from السَّدْوُ [inf. n. of سَدَا] signifying “the stretching forth the arm, or hand, or the fore leg, towards a thing:” (Ḥar p. 241: [but it is mentioned in the M as belonging to art. سدى; and its dual, mentioned below, requires its being so:]) andأَسْدِىٌّ↓, (M, Ḳ,) also [and more commonly] written أُسْدِىٌّ↓, (Ḳ,) signifies the same; (M, Ḳ;) as alsoسَدَاةٌ↓; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) or this last is the n. un. of سَدًى, (M, TA,) having a more special signification, (Mṣb, TA,) [as though meaning a warp, or a sort of warp; or the لُحْمَةٌ may be affixed for the purpose of assimilating the word to its contr. سَدًى, with which it is often coupled:] the dual [of سَدًى] is سَدَيَانِ: (Ṣ, Mṣb, TA:) and the pl. is أَسْدِيَةٌ (accord. to the Ṣ) or أَسْدَآءٌ. (Mṣb.) مَا أَنْتَ بِلُحْمَةٍ وَلَا سَدَاةٍ↓ [lit. Thou art neither a woof nor a warp] is said to him who neither harms nor profits. (TA. [See also سَتًى.])

Hence, as being likened thereto, (M, [see 2, second sentence,]) ‡ Honey in its comb; syn. شُهْدٌ or شَهْدٌ. (M, Ḳ, TA.)

And ‡ A benefit, benefaction, favour, or the like. (Ṣ, M, Ḳ, TA. [See also the next two sentences.])

The nightdew; (Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ;) by means of which seedproduce lives: (Ṣ,* Mṣb:) or, as some say, سَدًى and نَدًى are syn. [and both applied to dew in an absolute sense]: and the pl. is أَسْدَآءٌ. (M.)

And ‡ Liberality, bounty, munificence, or generosity; as being likened thereto; and so نَدًى. (Ṣ in art. ندو and ندى.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce رِقْبَةٌ.]

Green dates, (M, Ḳ,) with their شَمَارِيخ [or fruit-stalks]; (M;) as alsoسَدَآءٌ↓; (M, Ḳ;) of the dial of El-Yemen: n. un. سَدَاةٌ↓ andسَدَآءَةٌ↓, (M, TA,) on the authority of AA, and of Sh also, who says that they are of the dial. of El-Medeeneh. (TA.) [See also the last sentence of the next paragraph: and see سَيَابٌ.]

Also sometimes used in the sense of سُدًى. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) See this latter word.

[سَدٍ originally سَدِىٌ] Moist; applied in this sense to anything. (AḤn, M.)

And [particularly] Moist with dew, [or with night-dew, or with much thereof,] applied to a place. (M.) And you say أَرْضٌ سَدِيَةٌ A land moist with much night-dew. (Ṣ, Mṣb.) And لَيْلَةٌ سَدِيَةٌ A night moist with much dew: (M,* TA:) the epithet [سَدٍ] is seldom applied to a day. (M, TA.)

And بَلَحٌ سَدٍ Dates in the state in which they are termed بَلَح, (Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) accord. to Aṣ, when they have fallen, (T, TA,) that have become lax in their ثَفَارِيق [or bases, so as to be easily detached therefrom], (Aṣ, T, Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) and moist: (Aṣ, T, M:) one thereof [i. e. a بَلَحَة] is termed سَدِيَةٌ: (Aṣ, T, TA:) the ثُفْرُوق is the قِمَع of the بُسْرَة [or بَلَحَة]. (TA.) You say also بَسْرٌ سَدٍ; and بُسْرَةٌ سَدِيَةٌ, which is the same as سَدَاةٌ↓ [expl. above, voce سَدًى]. (Ṣ.)

سُدًى andسَدًى↓, (Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) the former the more common, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) used alike as sing. and pl., (Ṣ,* M, Ḳ,) Left, let alone, or neglected; or left to pasture by itself or by themselves; (Ṣ, M, Ḳ;) applied to a camel, (Ḳ, TA,) and to camels: (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA:) you say نَاقَةٌ سُدًى (TA) and إِبِلٌ سُدًى: (Ṣ, TA:) andسَادٍ↓ signifies the same [as a sing. epithet]. (M, Ḳ.) أَيَحْسَبُ ٱلْإِنْسَانُ أَنْ يُتْرَكَ سُدًى, in the Ḳur [lxxv. 36], means Doth man think that he is to be left to himself, uncontrolled, neither commanded nor forbidden? (M.)

سَدُوٌّ A she-camel that stretches forth, and flings out, her fore legs in going along. (M.) [See also سَادٍ.]

الرُّمَّانُ السَّدَوِىٌّ The pomegranate of السُّدَيَّا, a town near Zebeed. (Ḳ.)

سَادٍ Stretching forth the arms, or fore legs, in going along, (M,* TA,) and wide in step; (TA;) applied to a camel: (M, TA:) and so سَوَادٍ, [pl. of the fem. سَادِيَةٌ,] applied to she-camels: (Ṣ, Ḳ,* TA:) [see also سَدُوٌّ:] or, accord. to the T, the Arabs apply the term سَوَادٍ as a name for the fore legs of camels, because of their stretching them forth in going along; and then as a name for the camels themselves. (TA.) And سَادٍ signifies also Good in pace or going; applied to a camel; and so زَادٍ. (TA.)

See also سُدًى.

السَّادِى is also used for السَّادِسُ; (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA;) the س being changed into ى. (TA.) One says, جَآءَ فُلَانٌ سَادِسًا and سَادِيًا [Such a one came sixth]. (ISk, Ṣ voce سَاتٌّ, q. v.)

أُسْدِىٌّ and أَسْدِىٌّ: see سَدًى

The former also signifies ثَوْبٌ مُسَدًّى [like أُسْتِىٌّ: see this last word, voce سَتًى]. (AHeyth, Ḳ.)

[مِسْدَاةٌ A weaver's yarn-beam, or roller; i. e., as expl. by Golius, on the authority of Meyd, the implement on which the weaver rolls the warp.]