Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

سَارَ, aor. يَسُورُ, (Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) inf. سُؤُورٌ, (Ṣ,) or سَوْرٌ, (M,) or both, (Ḳ,) or سَوْرَةٌ, (Mgh,) [but this last is an inf. n. of un.,] He leaped or sprang, (Ṣ, M, A, Mgh, Ḳ,) إِلَيْهِ to, or towards, him, (Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) and عَلَيْهِ upon him. (A.)

He leaped, or sprang, [or committed an assault, upon another,] like as he does who behaves in an annoying manner towards his cup-companion in his intoxication. (TA. [See also 3.])

[Hence,] سَارَ الشَّرَابُ فِى رَأْسِهِ, (Ṣ, M, A, Ḳ,) inf. n. سَوْرٌ and سُؤُورٌ (M, Ḳ) and سُوُورٌ, agreeably with the root, (M,) and سُوَارٌ, (TA,) ‡ [The wine assaulted, or rushed into, his head]: (A:) [or] the wine circulated in his head, and rose into it: (M, Ḳ:) or سَارَ الشَّرَابُ, inf. n. سَوْرٌ and سَوْرَةٌ, the wine had an overpowering influence upon the head: (Mṣb:) and سَارَتْ فِيهِ حُمَيَّا الكَأْسِ the force or overpowering influence, (سَوْرَة,) [or fumes,] of the cup of wine mounted, or rose, to his head, or into his head. (TA in art. حمى.)

And سار, aor. as above, † He was angry. (Mṣb.)

سار, aor. as above, inf. n. سَوْرٌ, also signifies He (a man) rose, or became elevated. (M.)

* سُرْتُ إِلَيْهِ فِى أَعَالِى السُّورِ *

means I rose to him [upon the upper, or uppermost, parts of the wall of the city or town, &c.]. (TA.)

And one says to a man, سُرْسُرْ [Rise thou, rise thou, to eminence,] in enjoining aspiration to the means of acquiring eminence, or nobility: (IAạr, Ḳ,* TA:) from سُرْتُ الحَائِطَ, meaning I ascended, or mounted, upon the wall. (TA.)

See also 5, in two places.

سُورَبِهِ: see 2 in art. سير.

[سوّر, inf. n. تَسْوِيرٌ, He walled a city or town, &c. (See 2 in art. خفر.)]

See also 5.

And سَوَّرْتُهُ, [inf. n. as above, (see an ex. voce دَهْقَنَ,)] I put upon him [or decked him with] the سِوَار [or bracelets; or I decked him with bracelets]. (Ṣ.)

مُسَاوَرَةٌ signifies The leaping, or springing, of two antagonists, each upon the other, or their assaulting, or assailing, each other, in mutual fight. (Ḥar p. 329.)

And ساورهُ, (Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) inf. n. مُسَاوَرَةٌ and سِوَارٌ, (M, Ḳ,) He leaped, or sprang, upon him; he assaulted, or assailed, him; syn. وَاثَبَهُ. (Ṣ, M, Ḳ.) You say, الحَيَّةُ تُسَاوِرُ الرَّاكِبَ [The serpent springs upon, or assaults, the rider]. (A.) And it is said in a trad. of ʼOmar, فَكِدْتُ أُسَاوِرُهُ فِى الصَّلَاةِ, meaning And I was near to leaping upon him, or assaulting him, and fighting him, during prayer. (TA.) [See also 1.] You say also, سَاوَرَتْنِى الهُمُومُ ‡ [Anxieties assaulted, or assailed, me]. (A.)

Also i. q. أَخَذَ بِرَأْسِهِ [which, as it is mentioned immediately after سَوَّارٌ in the last of the senses assigned to that word below, is app. said of speech, or language, meaning † It had an overpowering influence upon his head]. (M, Ḳ.)

تسوّرهُ He ascended, or mounted, upon it; (namely, a wall;) as alsoسَارَهُ↓, inf. n. سَوْرٌ: (TA:) he climbed, ascended, or scaled, it, (namely, a wall,) like a thief; (IAạr, Ṣ,* M, A,* Ḳ,* TA;) as also تسوّر عَلَيْهِ; (M;) andسَارَهُ↓, inf. n. as above: (Ḳ:) and he climbed, or ascended, and took, it; as also تسوّر عليه, andسوّرهُ↓: (TA: [this last from a trad., in which, however, the verb is, in my opinion, probably mistranscribed:]) he climbed, or ascended, its سُور [or wall]. (Bḍ in xxxviii. 20.)

And تسوّر He put on himself [or decked himself with] the سِوَار [or bracelet; or he decked himself with bracelets]. (Ṣ.)

تَساوُرٌ signifies The leaping, or springing, one with [or upon] another. (KL. [See also 3.])

And تَسَاوَرْتُ لَهَا means رَفَعْتُ لَهَا شَخْصِى [I raised, or elevated, my person to her, or it, or them; or stretched myself up, &c.; like تَطَاوَلْتُ]. (TA.)

سُورٌ The wall of a city [or town, &c.]: (Ṣ, M, A, Mṣb, Ḳ:) [properly] masc.; but Ibn-Jurmooz, in a verse, makes it fem., because it is a part of the مَدِينَة: (M:) pl. أَسْوَارٌ (Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ) and سِيرَانٌ. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

And The upper, or uppermost, part of the head; occurring in a trad., as some relate it; or, accord. to others, it is سُورَة↓; or شُؤُون, which is said by some of the later authors to be the reading commonly known. (TA.)

See also سُورَةٌ, in three places.

And see سِوَارٌ.

Also An entertainment of a guest or guests; (Ḳ;) a repast to which people are invited: (Abu-l-ʼAbbás, TA:) a Pers. word, honoured by the Prophet; (Ḳ;) i. e. by his saying to his companions, as is related in a trad., قُومُوا فَقَدْ صَنَعَ جَابِرٌ سُورًا [Arise ye, for Jábir has made an entertainment, or a repast]. (Abu-l-ʼAbbás, TA.)

[It is also the name of A species of fig, called by Forskål (Flora Aegypt. Arab., pp. cxxiv. and 180,) ficus sur, (not “mimosa sur,” as in Freytag's Lex.,) observed by him at Jubleh, in El-Yemen.]

سَوْرَةٌ A leap, or spring. (TA.)

† The assault of wine upon the head; or its rush into the head: and in like manner, the assault, or rush, of venom, such as that of the scorpion: (Ṣ:) or the force, or strength, of wine, &c.; (M, Ḳ, Mṣb, and MF voce حَدٌّ;) as alsoسُوَارٌ↓; (M, Ḳ;) and in like manner, of hunger: (Mṣb:) the overpowering influence of wine upon the head: (Mṣb:) orسُوَارٌ↓ signifies the creeping of wine in the head: and سَوْرَةٌ is said to signify the assault, or force, or intoxicating operation, or overpowering influence upon the head, (حُمَيَّا,) produced by the creeping of wine, in, or through, the drinker: and in like manner,سُوَارُ↓ فَرَحٍ means † a motion of joy like the creeping of wine in the head. (TA.)

[† A paroxysm of fever.]

[† An ebullition, a fierceness, or an impetuousness, of anger; as when] one says إِنَّ لِغَضَبِهِ لَسَوْرَةً † [Verily his anger has an ebullition, a fierceness, or an impetuousness]: (Ṣ:) [‡ an outburst, or outbreak, of anger: and] † anger itself: [or † a fit of anger, or irritation:] pl. سَوْرَاتٌ. (Mṣb.)

[† The flush, or impetuosity, of youth: see حُمَيَّا.]

Impetuousness in war. (A.) [It is said in the TA that فُلَانٌ ذُوسَوْرَةٍ فِى الحَرْبِ means ذُو نَظَرٍ شَدِيدٍ, i. e. Such a one has strong inspection in war: but I think that نَظَرٍ is here a mistranscription for سَطْوٍ, i. e. impetuousness.]

Violence, force, or oppression, and tyranny, of a Sultán: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) and might, or valour, (Mṣb, TA,) of a Sultán. (TA.)

† Vehemence, or intenseness, of cold: (Ḳ:) or vehement, or intense, cold. (M.) You say, أَخَذَتْهُ السَّوْرَةُ † Intense cold seized him. (TA.)

See also سُورَةٌ.

سُورَةٌ ‡ Eminence, or nobility: (Ṣ, A, Ḳ:) rank or station: (Ṣ, M, A, Ḳ:) or high, or exalted, rank or station: (Ibn-Es-Seed:) excellence: (A:) pl. سُوَرٌ andسُورٌ↓: [the latter of which is an anomalous pl.; or a coll. gen. n. of which سُورَةٌ is the n. of un., as in another sense mentioned below:] (M:) and سُورَةٌ, (M,) orسَوْرَةٌ↓, (Ḳ,) a mark, or sign, of glory, honour, dignity, or nobility; and height thereof. (M, Ḳ.) You say, لَهُ سُورَةٌ فِى المَجْدِ ‡ He has eminence in glory. (A.) And لَهُ سُورَةٌ عَلَيْكَ ‡ He has superiority, and rank or station, over, or above, thee; he is of higher rank or dignity than thou. (A.) And سُوَرُ الإِبِلِ, (M,) [in the A سُوَرٌ مِنَ الإِبِلِ,] orسُوْرُ↓ الإِبِلِ, (Ḳ,) means † The excellent ones of camels: (M, Ḳ:) sing. سُورَةٌ, which, accord. to some, signifies hardy and strong. (M.)

سُورَةٌ also signifies What is goodly and tall, of structures. (M, Ḳ.)

And The extremity (حَدّ) of anything. (IAạr, TA.)

See also سُورٌ.

Also A row of stones or bricks of a wall: (L, Ḳ: in the L, عَرَقٌ مِنْ أَعْرَاقِ الحَائِطِ: in the Ḳ, عَرَقٌ من عُرُوقِ الحائط, or, as in the CK, عِرْقٌ الخ:) any degree (مَنْزِلَة) of a structure: (Ṣ:) pl. سُورٌ↓, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) [or this is a coll. gen. n.,] like as بُسْرٌ is of بُسْرَةٌ, (Ṣ,) and سُوَرٌ. (Ḳ.)

Hence its application in relation to the Ḳur-án, [to signify A chapter thereof,] because each of what are thus called forms one degree, or step, (Ṣ, M,* Ḳ,) distinct from another, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or [leading] to another: (M:) or from the same word signifying “eminence:” (IAạr:) or as being likened to the wall of a city: (B:) some pronounce it with hemz; (see art. سأر;) but it is more common without: (TA:) pl. سُوَرٌ, (Ṣ, Mṣb,) and سُورَاتٌ and سُوَرَاتٌ are also allowable. (Ṣ.)

A sign, or token. (IAạr, M, Ḳ.) You say, بَيْنَهُمَا سُورَةٌ Between them two is a sign, or token. (IAạr, M.)

سِوَارٌ (Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ) andسُوَارٌ↓ (M, Mṣb, Ḳ) andإِسْوَارٌ↓ (Ṣ, MF, and others) andأُسْوَارٌ↓ (M, Ḳ) A woman's bracelet, (Ṣ,* M, Mṣb,* Ḳ,) syn. قُلْبٌ, (M, Ḳ, [in the CK, erroneously, قَلْب,]) of silver or of gold; (Zj;) [and a man's bracelet also: see 2 and 5, and see also مُسَوَّرٌ:] all arabicized, from the Pers. دستوار [دَسْتْوَارْ or دَسْتَوَارْ or دَسْتُوَارْ]: (B, TA:) pl. [of pauc.] of سِوَارٌ, (Ṣ, M, Mṣb,) and of سُوَارٌ, (M,) أَسْوِرَةٌ, (Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ,) and (pl. pl., M) أَسَاوِرُ, (Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) accord. to Aboo-ʼAmr Ibn-El-ʼAlà pl. of إِسْوَارٌ, (Ṣ,) and أَسَاوِرَةٌ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) also pl. of إِسْوَارٌ or أُسْوَارٌ, (M, TA,) or of أَسْوَرَةٌ, or perhaps of أَسَاوِرُ; (Ṣ;) and (pl. of mult., M) سُورٌ↓, (M, Mṣb, Ḳ,) originally سُوُرٌ, like كُتُبٌ pl. of كِتَابٌ, (Mṣb,) and سُؤُورٌ, (Ḳ, [in a copy of the M سُوُرٌ,]) said by Sb to be used by poetic license. (M, TA.)

سَوَّارٌ is an epithet applied to a dog [as meaning Wont to spring or leap or assault]. (A.)

And it signifies The lion; (TṢ, Ḳ;) because of his leaping, or springing; (TA;) as alsoمُسَاوِرٌ↓. (TṢ, TA.)

Also One who is wont to leap or spring upon another, or to assault him; (Ṣ;) who behaves in an annoying manner towards his cupcompanion in his intoxication; (Ṣ, A, Mgh;) who assaults [or insults] his cup-companion when he drinks. (TA.)

† One into whose head wine quickly rises: (M, Ḳ:) as though it were he himself that rose. (M.)

And † Speech, or language, that has an overpowering influence upon the head (الَّذِى يَأْخُذُ بِالرَّأْسِ). (M, Ḳ.)

سُوَّارَى Height: so expl. by Th as used in the saying,

* أُحِبُّهُ جُبًّا لَهُ سُوَّارَى *

* كَمَا تُحِبُّ فرَخَهَا الحُبَارَى *

[I love him with a love that has height (i. e. rising to a high degree), like as the bustard loves her young one]: meaning that the bustard is stupid, and, when she loves her young one, is excessive in stupidity. (M.)

إِسْوَارٌ (Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ) andأُسْوَارٌ↓ (Ṣ, M, Ḳ) The leader of the Persians; (M, A, Mṣb, Ḳ;) like the أَمِير among the Arabs: (Mṣb:) or their greatest king: arabicized [from the Pers. سُوَارْ]: (TA: [but said in the A to be tropical:]) or a horseman of the Persians, (AʼObeyd, Ṣ, TA,) who fights: (AʼObeyd, TA:) or one who is firm on the back of his horse: (Ḳ:) or one who excels in sitting firmly on the back of his horse: (M:) or (so in the M, but in the A and Ḳ “and”) one who is skilful in shooting arrows: (M, A, Ḳ:) pl. أَسَاوِرَةٌ (Ṣ, M, A, Mṣb, Ḳ) and أَسَاوِرُ; (M, Ḳ;) in the former of which the ة is to compensate for the ى of the original form, which is أَسَاوِيرُ. (Ṣ.)

See also الخَضَارِمَةُ.

And see سِوَارٌ.

مِسْوَرٌ A leathern pillow, upon which one leans, or reclines; as alsoمِسْوَرَةٌ↓: (M, Ḳ:) pl. مَسَاوِرُ. (TA.)

مُسَوَّرٌ [Decked with a bracelet or bracelets. And hence,] ‡ Made a king [or chief]. (A, TA. [See دَهْقَنَ.])

And The place of the bracelet; (M, Ḳ;) like as مُخَدَّمٌ signifies the “place of the خَدَمَة.” (M.)