Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

شَتَمَهُ, (MA, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. ـِ {يَشْتِمُ} (Mṣb, Ḳ) and ـُ {يَشْتُمُ}, (Ḳ,) inf. n. شَتْمٌ (Ṣ, MA, Mṣb, Ḳ) and مَشْتَمَةٌ and مَشْتُمَةٌ, (Ḳ, TA,) the last of these [written مَشْتِمَة in the CK] with damm to the ت, or this and the next before it, though said to be inf. ns., may be simple substantives, as AʼObeyd inclines to think them, (TA,) He reviled him, vilified him, upbraided him, reproached him, defamed him, or gave a bad name to him; (Ṣ,* MA, Ḳ, TA;) syn. سَبَّهُ: (Ḳ, TA:) or, as some say, شَتْمٌ signifies [the addressing with] foul speech, without قَذْف [here meaning the casting an accusation, though commonly used and expl. as syn. with شَتْمٌ]: (TA:) andشاتمهُ↓ signifies the same as شَتَمَهُ, (MA, Mṣb,) being a rare instance of a verb of the measure فَاعَلَ denoting an act of a single agent when it has an unaugmented verb of the same radical letters [and the same signification], as صَادَمَهُ الحِمَارُ meaning صَدَمَهُ, and زَاحِمَهُ meaning زَحَمَهُ. (Mṣb.) Hence the saying, فَإِنْ شُتِمَ فَلْيَعُلْ إِنِّى صَائِمٌ [And if he be reviled, let him say, Verily I am fasting], which may mean that he should say this with his tongue, which is the more proper meaning, or mentally: orفَإِنْ شُوتِمَ↓, which is allowable, though the former is the more proper. (Mṣb.)

شاتمهُ فَشَتَمَهُ: see 3.

شَتُمَ, aor. ـُ {يَشْتُمُ}, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) inf. n. شَتَامَةٌ (Ṣ, IB) and شَتَمٌ, (IB, TA,) † He (a man, Ṣ) was, or became, displeasing, or hateful, in countenance. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

[شَتِمَ, trans. by means of ب, expl. by Golius as meaning He rejoiced at evils, or misfortunes, of an enemy, is, I doubt not, a mistake for شَمِتَ; though it might be supposed to be formed by transposition, like جَبَذَ from جَذَبَ.]

[شتّم, accord. to Reiske, said of a camel when haltered, and of a lion, as mentioned by Freytag, signifies † He was harsh, and surly, in countenance, and uttered a grumbling sound: if used, it must be شُتِّمَ, agreeably with the part. n., expl. below.]

مُشَاتَمَةٌ is syn. with مُسَابَّةٌ, (Ṣ,) signifying The reviling, vilifying, upbraiding, reproaching, defaming, or giving a bad name to, each other: (KL:) and [in like manner] تَشَاتُمٌ↓ is syn. with تَسَابٌّ, (Ṣ,) signifying as above [but used in relation to two persons and more than two]: (KL:) you say, شَاتَمَا andتَشَاتَمَا↓ meaning تَسَابَّا [They reviled, vilified,, &c., each other]: (Ḳ:) andتشاتموا↓ They reviled,, &c., one another; like تَسَابُّوا. (MA.) [شاتمهُ may therefore be rendered He reviled him,, &c., being reviled,, &c., by him: but sometimes it is syn. with شَتَمَهُ:] see 1, in two places.

One says also,شَاتَمَهُ فَشَتَمَهُ↓, aor. ـُ {يَشْتُمُ}, meaning [He vied, or contended, with him in reviling, vilifying,, &c.,] and he overcame him [therein, i. e.] in reviling,, &c. (TA.)

[تشتّم is said by Freytag to signify He exposed himself to contumelies; on the authority of the Ḥam p. 310: but I there find only the part. n., مُتَشَتِّمٌ, signifying as expl. below: so that the verb, if used, means he became exasperated by reviling, vilifying,, &c., and addressed, or applied, himself thereto.]

[He also explains it as signifying † He contracted the face very austerely; on the authority of the Deewán of the Hudhalees.]

شَتِيمٌ: see مَشْتُومٌ.

Also † Displeasing, or hateful, in countenance; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) applied to a man, and to a lion; (Ṣ;) and to an ass, as meaning thus, and foul, or ugly: (TA:) or to a lion as meaning ‡ grim-faced; or stern, austere, or morose, in countenance; as alsoمُشَتَّمٌ↓; andشَتَّامَةٌ↓; (Ḳ, TA;) the last like جَبَّانَةٌ [in measure, but in the CK written شَتامَة]. (TA.) One says, فُلَانٌ شَتِيمُ المُحَيَّا † Such a one is displeasing, or hateful, in countenance. (Ṣ.)

Also, andشِتَامٌ↓, An obstruction (سُدَّة) of the fauces, combined with foulness, or ugliness, of face. (TA.)

شَتِيمَةٌ a subst., (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ, and Ksh in lxxiv. 41, [by Bḍ, in explaining the same passage of the Ḳur, improperly said to be an inf. n.,]) from شَتَمَهُ, (Mṣb, Ḳ,) in the sense of شَتْمٌ [meaning The act of reviling, vilifying, or upbraiding; reproach, obloquy, or contumely]; (Ṣ,* and Ksh ubi suprà;) as alsoمَشْتَمَةٌ↓, andمَشْتُمَةٌ↓, or, as mentioned above, [see 1, first sentence,] these two are inf. ns. (TA.)

شَتَّامٌ [One who reviles,, &c., much]. (Ḥam p. 310.)

شَتَّامَةٌ One who reviles,, &c., [very] much. (TA.)

See also شَتِيمٌ.

[شَاتِمٌ act. part. n. of 1, Reviling,, &c.]

[It is also said by Golius, on the authority of the Mirḳát el-Loghah, to signify Rejoicing at another's evils, or misfortunes: but this I believe to be a mistake for شَامِتٌ: see 1, last sentence.]

الاشتيام, with kesr, [which seems to indicate that it is الإِشْتِيَامُ,] is expl. by IB as meaning رئيس الركاب [app. رَئِيسُ الرُّكَّابِ The headman, or master, of the riders: but whence this is derived I know not, unless it be arabicized, from the Pers. أُسْتَا يَام (if there be such an appellation), meaning “the master of the post-horse”]. (TA.)

مَشْتُومٌ Reviled, vilified, upbraided, reproached, defamed, or called by a bad name: and so with ة {مَشْتُومَةٌ} applied to a female, as alsoشَتِيمٌ↓; (Ḳ, TA;) this last, without ة, mentioned on the authority of Lḥ. (TA.)

مُتَشَتِّمٌ Exasperated by reviling,, &c., and addressing, or applying, himself thereto. (Ḥam p. 310: there expl. by the words متحكك بالشتم ومعترض له [i. e. مُتَحَكِّكٌ بِالشَّتْمِ وَمُعْتَرِضٌ لَهُ: see 5].)