Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

شَرَطَ عَلَيْهِ كَذَا, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. ـِ {يَشْرِطُ} and ـُ {يَشْرُطُ}, (Ṣ, Mṣb,) inf. n. شَرْطٌ; (Mṣb;) andاشترط↓ عليه كذا; (Ṣ,* Mṣb,* Ḳ,* TA;) both signify the same; (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ;) [He imposed such a thing as a condition, or by stipulation, upon him;] he made such a thing a condition against him. (TḲ.) And شَرَطَ عَلَيْهِ فِى البَيْعِ He imposed a thing as obligatory upon him in the sale, and took it upon himself as such. (TḲ.)

شَرَطَ, aor. ـِ {يَشْرِطُ} and ـُ {يَشْرُطُ}, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. شَرْطٌ, (Mṣb, Ḳ,) He (a cupper) scarified; syn. بَزَغَ; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) as alsoشرّط↓, inf. n. تَشْرِيطٌ. (JK in art. بزغ, and TA.*) [Hence, and from the verb in the sense first mentioned, the saying,] رُبَّ شَرْطِ شَارِطٍ أَوْجَعُ مِنْ شَرْطِ شَارِطٍ [Many a condition of one making a condition is more painful than the scarifying of a scarifier]. (TA.)

He slit the ear of a camel. (TA.)

He slit. and then twisted, [or wove together, (see شَرِيطٌ,)] palm-leaves. (TA.)

شَرِطَ He fell into a momentous, or formidable, case. (O, Ḳ.)

شارطهُ, (Ḳ,) inf. n. مُشَارَطَةٌ, (TA,) He made a condition, or conditions, or he stipulated, with him, mutually; each of them made a condition, or conditions, or each of them stipulated, with the other. (O, L, Ḳ.) Andتشارط↓ عَلَيْهِ is like شَارَطَ [app. meaning He made a condition, or conditions, with another, or others; or they (a party of persons) made a condition, or conditions, together; against him]. (TA.)

اشرط نَفْسَهُ He marked himself, and prepared himself, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) لِكَذَا (Ḳ) or لِأَمْرِ كَذَا [for such an affair]. (Ṣ.)

He (a courageous man) marked himself for death. (TA.)

اشرط نَفْسَهُ وَمَالَهُ فِى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ He put forward, or offered, himself and his property in this affair. (TA.)

اشرط إِبِلَهُ He made known that his camels were for sale. (Ḳ.) And اشرط طَائِفَةً مِنْ إِبِلِهِ وَغَنَمِهِ He set apart a portion of his camels, and of his sheep, or goats, and made known that they were for sale. (TA.) And اشرط مِنْ إِبِلِهِ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) and غَنَمِهِ, (Ṣ,) He prepared for sale some of his camels, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) and of his sheep, or goats. (Ṣ.)

أَشْرَطْتُ فُلَانًا لِعَمَلِ كَذَا I prepared such a one for such a work, or such an agency or employment, and made him to have the charge, or management, thereof. (AA.)

اشرط إِلَيْهِ الرَّسُولَ He hastened to him the messenger, (Ḳ,* TA,) and sent him forward: from أَشْرَاطٌ signifying the “beginnings” of things. (TA.)

اشرط بِهَا, and فِيهَا, He held it to be, or made it, a thing of mean account, and perilled, hazarded, or risked, it. (TA.) [It is not said to what the pronoun refers.]

تشرّط فِى عَمَلِهِ He acted, or performed, well, soundly and skilfully, or, nicely and exactly, in his work, (O, L, Ḳ,) and constrained himself to observe whatever conditions were imposed upon him. (L.)

see 1, first signification.

[اُشْتُرِطَ It was made conditional, or a condition. And He, or it, was made to be conditionally intended, in, or by, a saying, دُونَ غَيْرِهِ exclusively of any other..]

استشرط المَالُ The camels, or the like, became in a bad state after having been in a good state. (Ṣgh, Ḳ.) [See شَرَطٌ.]

شَرْطٌ [A condition; a term; a stipulation; said to signify] the imposition of a thing as obligatory [upon a person], and the taking it upon oneself as such, in a sale and the like; (Ḳ;) [but this is a loose explanation, as is observed in the TḲ; the meaning being a thing imposed upon a person as obligatory, and taken upon oneself as such: in the Ṣ, it is merely said to be well known:] andشَرِيطَةٌ↓ signifies the same: (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ:) pl. of the former, شُرُوطٌ: (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ:) and of the latter, شَرَائِطُ. (Mṣb, TA.) It is said in a trad., لَا يَجُوزُ شَرْطَانِ فِى بَيْعٍ [Two conditions in a sale are not allowable]; as when one says, “I sell to thee this garment, or piece of cloth, for ready money for a deenár, and on credit for two deenárs.” (TA.) And it is said in a prov., الشَّرْطُ أَمْلَكُ عَلَيْكَ أَمْ لَكَ (TA) The condition is most valid, or binding, [whether it be against thee or in thy favour:] (Mgh in art. ملك:) relating to the keeping of conditions between brothers. (Ṣgh, TA.) [شَرْطٌ also relates to other things beside sales and the like: for instance, you say, شَرْطُ المَصْدَرِ كَذَا وَكَذَا, meaning What is required to justify the application of the term مصدر is such a thing, and such a thing.]

شَرْطَا نَهْرٍ The two banks of a river. (TA.)

[The pl.] شُرُوطٌ also signifies Roads leading in different directions. (TA.)

See also شَرَطٌ, in two places.

شَرَطٌ A sign, token, or mark, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) which men appoint between them; (TA;) as alsoشَرْطٌ↓: (TA:) pl. of the former, أَشْرَاطٌ. (Mṣb, Ḳ.) And hence, (Mṣb,) أَشْرَاطُ السَّاعَةِ The signs of the resurrection, or of the time thereof; (Ṣ, Mṣb, TA;) mentioned in the Ḳur [xlvii. 20]: or the small events prior thereto, which men deny: (El-Khaṭṭábee:) or the means thereof, exclusive of the main circumstances thereof, and of the event itself. (TA.)

[Hence also,] الشَّرَطَانِ The two stars [a and b] which are the two horns of Aries; (Ṣ, Ḳ, Ḳzw;) the brighter whereof is called النَّاطِحُ; (Ḳzw;) [and the other, النَّطْحُ;] the First Mansion of the Moon: (Ḳzw:) to- wards the north of them is a small star which some of the Arabs reckon with those two, saying that it (namely this mansion, Ḳ) consists of three stars, and calling them الأَشْرَاطُ: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) IAạr mentions an instance of the use of the sing., الشَّرَطُ; but the dual is more approved, and more commonly known: (TA:) the two stars above mentioned are the first asterism of the spring. (ISd, Z.) [See مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل.] Hassán Ibn-Thábit says,

* فِى نَدَامَى بِيضِ الوُجُوهِ كِرَامٍ *

* نُبِّهُوا بَعْدَ هَجْعَةِ الأَشْرَاطِ *

meaning [Among fair-faced, generous cup-companions, roused from sleep after] the setting of the اشراط: though another meaning, which see below, has been assigned to the last word. (Ṣgh.)

And hence, (ISd, Z,) شَرَطٌ also signifies † The beginning of a thing; (ISd,* Z,* Ḳ;) as alsoمِشْرَاطٌ↓: (Ibn-ʼAbbád, Ḳ:) pl. of the former, أَشْرَاطٌ, which is applied to the beginnings of any event that happens because the شَرَطَان are the first asterism of the spring: (ISd, Z:) the pl. ofمشراط↓ in the sense here expl. is مَشَارِيطُ. (Ḳ.) Hence, accord. to some, أَشْرَاطُ السَّاعَةِ, expl. above. (TA.)

The refuse, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ, TA,) such as the galled in the back, and the emaciated, (TA,) and the young, (Ḳ,) and the bad, (AʼObeyd,) of camels or the like, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or of goats, (Mṣb,) or of goats also: (Ṣ:) used alike as sing. and pl. and masc. and fem.: and applied particularly to the young of camels, as a pl. and as a sing.: also, to a she-camel and to a he-camel: and to such, of camels, as is brought, or driven, from one place to another for sale; as the aged she-camel, and the camel that is galled in the back: (TA:) also the same, not شَرْطٌ↓ as in the Ḳ, [without restriction of its application,] low, base, vile, or mean; (Ḳ,* TA;) and soأَشْرَطُ↓: (TA:) pl. أَشْرَاطٌ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) and pl. pl. أَشَارِيطُ. (Ṣ,* TA.) You say, الغَنَمُ أَشْرَاطُ المَالِ [Sheep, or goats, are the refuse, or meanest sort, of beasts that people possess]. (Ṣ.) And شَرَطٌ is also applied to men; (Ṣ, TA;) شَرَطُ النَّاسِ signifying The refuse, or lowest or basest or meanest sort, pf mankind or people. (TA.) In the verse of Hassán Ibn-Thábit cited above, الأَشْرَاط is said to mean The guards, or watchmen, and the lowest or basest or meanest sort of people; (Ṣ, Ṣgh;) [so that هَجْعَة must be understood in the sense of “a light sleep in the first part of the night;”] but the correct meaning is that expl. before. (Ṣgh.)

Also أَشْرَاطٌ, The noble, eminent, or honourable, sort of men: thus the word has two contr. significations. (Yaạḳoob, Ṣ, Ḳ.)

And A small water-course coming from a space of ten cubits: (AḤn, O, Ḳ:) or what flows from even tracts of ground into the [larger water-courses called] شِعَاب. (TA.)

شَرْطَةٌ A single act of scarifying; a scarification. (Mṣb.)

شُرْطَةٌ A thing which one has made a condition. (Ṣgh, Ḳ.) You say, خُذْ شُرْطَتَكَ Take thou that which thou hast made a condition. (Ṣgh, Ḳ.)

Also, andشُرَطَةٌ↓, (Mgh,) or شُرَطٌ, (Ḳ,) which is the pl. (Mgh, Ḳ) of the former, (Ḳ,) The choice men of the army: (Mgh:) and such as compose the first portion of the army that is present in the war or fight, (Mgh, Ḳ,) and prepare for death; (Ḳ;) [the braves of an army;] they are the Sultán's choice men of the army; and the term شُرْطَةٌ is applied in a trad. to a party making it a condition to die, and not return, unless victorious: (TA:) or this appellation, andشُرَطَةٌ↓, which is a rare form, are applied to a body of soldiers; and the pl. is شُرَطٌ: and the pl. is applied to the aids (أَعْوَان [here app. meaning guards]) of the Sul- tán: (Mṣb:) شُرْطَةٌ, also, is applied to a wellknown body of the aids (أَعْوَان [here meaning armed attendants, officers, or soldiers,]) of the prefects [of the police]; (Ḳ;) pl. شُرَطٌ: (TA:) the شُرَط, (Aṣ, Ṣ, Mṣb,) or the شُرْطَة, (Ḳ,) are so called because they assumed to themselves signs, or marks, whereby they might be known (Aṣ, Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ) to the enemies: (Mṣb:) or the شُرَط are so called because they were prepared: (AO, Ṣ:) or as being likened to the شَرَط, or “refuse,” of goats; because they were low persons: (Mṣb:) [or, probably, because they were prepared, or exposed, to be slain:] a single person of the شُرَط is called شُرْطَةٌ (Ṣ, Mṣb) andشُرَطِىٌّ↓: (Ṣ:) orشُرْطِىٌّ↓ andشُرْطِىٌّ↓ are applied to a single person of the شُرْطَة: (Ḳ:) شُرْطِىٌّ↓ is a rel. n. from شُرْطَةٌ; and such also is شُرَطِىٌّ↓ from شُرَطَةٌ; not from شُرَطٌ, because this is a pl. (Mgh.) صَاحِبُ الشُّرْطَةِ signifies The governor, or prefect, (Mgh, Mṣb,) [of the police, or] of a town, or city, or district, or province; to whom formerly pertained both religious and civil affairs; but now it is not so. (Mgh. [See رِدْفٌ.]) [In later times, this title has been commonly applied to The chief, or prefect, of the police.]

Also The best, best part, or choice, of anything; as alsoشَرِيطَةٌ↓: the latter occurring in a trad., as related by Sh; but Az thinks it should be the former word. (TA.)

شَرَطِىٌّ Of, or relating to, [the asterism called] the شَرَطَان and the أَشْرَاط; as alsoأَشْرَاطِىٌّ↓; the latter being formed from the pl., (IB, TA,) because the stars thus called are regarded as composing one thing. (TA.) You say,رَوْضَةٌ أَشْرَاطِيَّةٌ↓, meaning [A garden, or meadow,, &c.,] rained upon by the نَوْء [q. v.] of the شَرَطَان. (Ṣ. TA.) In the A we findنَوْءٌ شِرَاطِىٌّ↓: but probably it should be شَرَطِىٌّ. (TA.)

شُرْطِىٌّ and شُرَطِىٌّ: see شُرْطَةٌ, in five places.

شَرِيطٌ A rope, or cord, of twisted palm-leaves: (Ṣ, Mṣb:) and threads of wool and of fibres of the palm-tree [twisted together]: (TA:) or palmleaves twisted together, with which is woven (يُشْرَطُ, as in the Ḳ, or, as in the O, accord. to the TA, يُشْرَحُ, [app. a mistake for يُشْرَجُ,]) a couch, or bier, [app. meaning the part thereof upon which a man or corpse lies,] and the like: (O, Ḳ:) so called because its palm-leaves are split, and then twisted together: if of fibres of the palm-tree, it is called دِسَارٌ: (TA:) or a wide rope [or flat plait] woven of fibres or leaves of the palm-tree: (Mgh in art. قمط:) or a rope of any kind: pl. شَرَائِطُ and شُرُطٌ. (TA.) Also Threads of silk, or of silk and of gold, twisted together [or woven, so as to form a kind of flat lace, like tape]: so called as being likened to the threads of wool and of fibres of the palm-tree [twisted together]. (TA.)

Also The [sort of basket, or small box, called] عَتِيدَة in which a woman puts her perfumes (IAạr, O, Ḳ) and her utensils or apparatus. (IAạr, O.) And The [sort of receptacle called] عَيْبَة [q. v.]. (IAạr, O.)

شَرِيطَةٌ: see شَرْطٌ:

and see also شُرْطَةٌ, last sentence.

Also A she-camel having her ear slit: (Ḳ, TA:) of the measure فَعِيلَةٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولَةٌ. (TA.)

And A sheep or goat having a slight scar made upon its throat, like the scarification of the cupper, without the severing of the [veins called] أَوْدَاج, and without making the blood to flow copiously: thus they used to do in the Time of Ignorance, cutting a little of the animal's throat, (Ḳ, TA,) and then leaving it to die; (TA;) and they considered it a lawful mode of slaughtering it; but the eating of such an animal is forbidden in a trad.: (Ḳ, TA:) or one scarified on account of some disease; and when such died, they said that they had slaughtered it. (TA.)

شِرْوَاطٌ, applied to a man, Tall: (O, Ḳ:) and, applied to a camel, (Ibn-ʼAbbád, O,) or to a he-camel, (Kudot;,) swift: (Ibn-ʼAbbád, O, Ḳ:) or it is applied in the former sense to a man, and is also applied to a camel, male and female alike, (ʼEyn, Ṣ,) as meaning tall and slender: (ʼEyn:) or it means tall, spare of flesh, slender; applied to a man and to a camel, and to the female likewise, without ة. (L.)

الغَنَمُ أَشْرَطُ المَالِ Sheep, or goats, are the vilest sort of beasts that one possesses: an instance of a noun of superiority without a verb; which is extr.: (Ḳ, TA:) this is from the “Isláh el-Alfádh” of ISk: but in some of the copies of that work, we find أَشْرَاط in the place of أَشْرَط. (ISd, TA.) See شَرَطٌ.

مِشْرَطٌ A lancet (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA) with which the cupper scarifies; (TA;) as alsoمِشْرَاطٌ↓. (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA.)

مِشْرَاطٌ: [pl. مَشَارِيطُ:] see مِشْرَطٌ:

and see شَرَطٌ, in two places.

أَخَذَ لِلْأَمْرِ مَشَارِيطَهُ He took his apparatus, [or prepared himself,] for the thing, or affair. (Ibn-ʼAbbád, Ḳ.)