Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

شَالَ, [aor. يَشُولُ,] (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. شُوْلٌ, (TḲ,) It rose; or became raised, or elevated; (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ;) said, in this sense, of a she-camel's tail; (Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) [and in like manner of a star; (see Ḥam p. 239;)] andانشال↓ signifies the same, (O, Ḳ,) said of a stone, (Ḳ,) and so انشالت said of a jar (جَرَّة); (Ṣ, O;) and likewise اشتال↓. (TA.)

[Hence,] شال المِيْزَانُ The balance had one of its two scales higher than the other, (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, TA,) by reason of its lightness. (Mṣb.) Whence the saying, شال مِيزَانُ فُلَانٍ, aor. يَشُولُ, inf. n. شَوَلَانٌ, meaning ‡ Such a one was overcome in contending with another for superiority in glory or the like. (TA.)

And شالت القِرْبَةُ, and شال الزِّقُّ, The legs of the water-skin, and of the skin for wine, &c., became raised, or elevated, on the occasion of its being filled, or inflated. (TA.)

And شَالَ لَبَنُهَا [meaning Her milk became drawn up, or withdrawn,] is said of a camel. (TA.)

One says also, شالت نَعَامَتُهُ, meaning † He was, or became, flurried, agitated, or excited, (خَفَّ,) and angry, and then became calm. (Ḳ.) And شالت نَعَامَتُهُمْ † Their might (عِزُّهُمْ) departed: (O, Ḳ:) or their abodes became clear of them, as though lightened of them, (خَفَّتْ مَنَازِلُهُمْ مِنْهُمْ, Ḳ, TA,) and they went away: (TA:) or their expression of opinion was, or became, discordant: (تَفَرَّقَتْ كَلِمَتُهُمْ: Ḳ:) or they died: and they became scattered, or dispersed; as though there remained not of them save a remnant; [see شَوْلٌ;] النَّعَامَةُ signifying الجَمَاعَةُ: (TA:) or they became irresolute, by reason of fear, and fled: (Mṣb:) or they were frightened, and fled. (M in art. رأل.) [See also نَعَامَةٌ: and see a verse cited voce إِمَّا.]

شُلْتُ بِهِ, and شُلْتُهُ; (Mṣb;) andأَشَلْتُهُ↓; (O, Mṣb;) or شُلْتُ بِالجَرَّةِ, for which one should not say شِلْتُ [which the vulgar say in the present day, making it trans. by itself]; (Ṣ, O;) andأَشَلْتُهَا↓; (Ṣ;) or شال بِالحَجَرِ; andاشالهُ↓, (Ḳ,) inf. n. إِشَالَةٌ; (TA;) andشاولهُ↓; (Ḳ;) aor. of the first as above, inf. n. شَوْلٌ; (Ṣ, O, Mṣb;) I raised, (Ṣ, O, Mṣb,) or he raised, (Ḳ,) it, (O, Mṣb,) namely, a thing, (O,) or the jar, (Ṣ, O,) or the stone. (Ḳ.) And شالت بِذَنَبِهَا, (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. as above, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) inf. n. شَوْلٌ (O, Mṣb, Ḳ) and شَوَلَانٌ; (O, Ḳ;) andاشالتهُ↓, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. إِشَالَةٌ; andاستشالتهُ↓; (TA;) She (a camel) raised her tail, (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ, TA,) having become pregnant. (Mṣb. [See شَائِلٌ: and see also 2.]) And شالت بِذَنَبِهَا It (a scorpion) raised its tail. (TA.) And شال يَدَهُ He raised his arm or hand; like شال بِهَا. (Mṣb.) Andاشال↓ بِضَبْعِهِ He raised his ضَبْع [generally expl. as meaning the upper half of the arm, from the elbow to the shoulder-blade]. (TA.)

شوّلت, said of a she-camel, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) She became such as is termed شَائِلَة: (Ṣ, O, TA: [in one of my copies of the Ṣ, صَارَ شَوْلًا is erroneously put for صَارَتْ شَائِلَةً:]) or her supplies of milk dried up; (جَفَّتْ أَلْبَانُهَا; Ḳ, TA; [but perhaps the right reading is خَفَّتْ, meaning became scanty; for SM adds,]) and became little in quantity. (TA.) And شوّلت الإِبِلُ The camels became in such a state that their bellies [were drawn up as though they] reached their backs: (Ḳ, TA:) or became such as to have [only] a شَوْل [or small quantity remaining] of milk: like as one says, (O, TA,) شوّلت المَزَادَةُ The مزادة [or leathern water-bag] had little water remaining in it: (O, Ḳ, TA:) one should not say شَالَت. (TA.)

[Hence, app.,] تَشْوِيلٌ of the ذَكَر signifies Its being in a relaxed state on the occasion of مُجَامَعَة. (O, Ḳ.) And شوّل said of a horse means, like رَفَّضَ, He put forth his veretrum without being vigorously lustful. (TA in art. رفض.)

شوّل said of a غَرْب [or large bucket], Its water became little in quantity. (O, Ḳ.) Said of a she-camel's milk, It became deficient: (Ḳ, TA:) and it became withdrawn. (TA.) And said of water, It became little in quantity. (Ḳ.)

In the following saying, (Ṣ, TA,) of Abu-n-Nejm, (TA,)

* حَتَّى إِذَا مَا العِشْرُ عَنْهَا شَوَّلَا *

the poet means, ذَهَبَ and تَصَرَّمَ [i. e. Until, when the coming to water on the tenth day after the next preceding period of abstinence ceased from her or them... referring to a camel or to camels]. (Ṣ, TA.)

شوّل فِى المَزَادَةِ He left somewhat remaining (أَبْقَى شَوْلًا) of water in the مزادة [or leathern water-bag]. (Ḳ,* TA.)

شاولهُ: see 1, latter half.

Also, and شاول بِهِ, and شاول بِهِ فِى الطِّعَانِ, [inf. n. مُشَاوَلَةٌ,] He contended with him in thrusting [with the spear]. (TA.) See also 6.

And شاول الفَحْلُ الفَحْلَ The stallion [camel] fought with, or combated, the stallion [camel]. (Ḥam p. 660.)

تشاولوا They reached, or smote, one another, (تَنَاوَلَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا,) in fight, with the spears: andمُشَاوَلَةٌ↓ has a similar signification [to تَشَاوُلٌ, as shown above by an explanation of its verb, 3]. (AZ, Ṣ, O.)

see 1, first sentence.

اشتال لَهُ ‡ He opposed himself to him, and reviled him. (O, Ḳ, TA.)

شَالٌ A certain fish of the sea, or of great rivers (سَمَكَةٌ بَحْرِيَّةٌ): (TA:) [in Egypt this name is applied to a fish of the genus silurus, found in the Nile: it is well described by Sonnini, in p. 407 of the 4to Engl. ed. of his Travels in Upper and Lower Egypt.]

Also A certain kind of رِدَآء [here meaning shawl], made in Cashmere and Lahore, and brought for sale to other countries; [erroneously] said to be made of camels' fur; and so called because raised to the shoulders, if it be an Arabic word [which is not the case, for it is from the Pers. شَالٌ, whence our word “shawl”]: pl. شِيلَانٌ and شَالَاتٌ. (TA.)

شَوِلٌ One that raises a thing. (TA. [See also شَائِلٌ.])

And A man light, active, or agile, (خَفِيفٌ,) in work, and in service, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) and in respect of what is wanted; and quick: (Ḳ:) thus in a verse of El-Aạshà: (O, TA:) [but accord. to the reading of AO of that verse, it is شُوُلٌ↓, which has a similar, but intensive, meaning. (De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., 2nd ed., ii. 484-5.) See also what next follows.]

شُوَلٌ, like صُرَدٌ [in measure], One who aids, or assists, much or well; syn. نَصُورٌ. (O, TA.) [See also what next precedes.]

شَوْلَةٌ The part that it raises of the tail of the scorpion; (Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) and soشَوْلٌ↓: (Ḥam p. 649:) or, accord. to Sh, its sting, with which it strikes. (TA.)

[Hence,] الشَّوْلَةُ † Two bright stars, near together, [λ and ν,] (Ṣ, O,) in the end of the tail of Scorpio, (Ḳzw,) which are one of the Mansions of the Moon, (Ṣ, O, Ḳzw,) namely, the Nineteenth Mansion; (Ḳzw;) also called حُمَةُ العَقْرَبِ. (Ṣ, O.) [See مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل.]

And شَوْلَةُ is a proper name for The scorpion; (O, TA;) [and] so شَوَّالَةُ↓. (Ḳ, TA.)

Also A foolish, or stupid, woman. (IAạr, O, Ḳ.) شَوْلَةُ was the name of A certain foolish female slave, belonging to [the tribe of] 'Adwán, and she used to give advice to her masters, and it resulted in evil to them; whence the saying, أَنْتَ شَوْلَةُ النَّاصِحَةُ [Thou art Showleh the giver of advice]. (Ṣ, O, Ḳ.)

Also the name of The mare of Zeyd-el-Fawáris Ed-Ḍabbee. (O, Ḳ.)

شُوَيْلَآءُ A certain plant, (AḤn, O, Ḳ,) mentioned, but not described, by Aṣ; of the kind termed عُشْب, growing in plain, or soft, land, (AḤn, O,) used as a medicament, (AḤn, O, Ḳ,) and well known: (AḤn, O:) [Ṣgh says,] I have seen it: it is dust-coloured, spreads upon the ground, has no thorns, and the cattle eagerly desire it: (O:) it is called (O, Ḳ) sometimes, (Ḳ,) by some of the people of El-'Irák, (O,) شُوَّيْلٌ↓, like فُبَّيْطٌ [in measure]. (O, Ḳ.)

شَوَّالٌ The tail of the scorpion. (TA. [So called because often raised.])

Also, (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) and sometimes it is called الشَّوَّالُ, (Mṣb,) The month of the festival of the breaking of the fast; (Mṣb, Ḳ;*) the month next after رَمَضَان; (TA;) the first of the months of the pilgrimage; (Ṣ, O;) [the tenth month of the lunar year:] as some assert, (IDrd, O,) so called because [when first thus named] it coincided with the season when the she-camels [being seven or eight months gone with young] raised their tails: (IDrd, O, Mṣb, TA:) [for the camels generally couple in winter:] or because of their milk becoming then withdrawn; such being the case with the camels in the time of vehement heat and of the coming to an end of the juicy fresh herbage: [see a table of the months voce زَمَنٌ:] the Arabs used to regard the making of marriage-contracts in this month as of evil omen; and to say that the woman [then] married would resist him who married her, like as the she-camel resists the stallion and raises her tail; but the Prophet abolished their thus auguring, and he married ʼÁïsheh in this month: (TA:) the pl. is شَوَّالَاتٌ and شَوَاوِيلُ (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ) and شَوَاوِلُ, this last formed by rejecting the augmentative letter [in the second]. (TA.)

شَوَّالَةٌ [not (as is implied in the Ḳ) شَوَّالَةُ] A certain bird, (AḤát, O, Ḳ,) a دُخَّلَة [n. un. of دُخَّلٌ q. v.], of a dusky colour, which, when it alights upon a stone or a tree, moves up and down its tail like as does the camel; so called because it raises its tail; and in its belly and its hinder part is somewhat of redness. (AḤát, O, TA.)

See also شَوْلَةٌ.

[Hence, as being likened to the scorpion, whence also the phrase إِنَّهُ لَتَدِبُّ عَقَارِبُهُ,] اِمْرَأَةٌ شَوَّالَةٌ † A woman wont to calumniate. (Ḳ.)

شَائِلٌ A she-camel raising her tail, (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) having conceived, (Mṣb,) or by reason of having conceived, and having no milk whatever: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) or a she-camel that has conceived, and raises her tail to the stallion as a sign of her having conceived, raising her head therewith, and elevating her nose: (Az, TA:) the word is without ة because it is an epithet of peculiar application [to a female]: (Mṣb:) or it is without ة anomalously; for the male also raises his tail: (ISd, TA:) the pl. is شُوَّلٌ (Az, Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ) and شُيَّلٌ and شِيَّلٌ and شُوَّالٌ. (Ḳ.) Also, with ة {شَائِلَةٌ}, applied to a mare, as meaning Raising the tail. (TA.)

And شَائِلَةٌ, which is anomalously with ة because it is an epithet denoting an attribute not shared with the female by the male, (ISd, TA,) A she-camel that has passed seven months, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) or eight, (Ṣ, O,) since the period of her bringing forth, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) or of her becoming pregnant, (Ḳ,) and whose milk has dried up, (جَفَّ لَبَنُهَا, Ḳ, and so in a copy of the Ṣ,) or whose milk has become scanty, (خَفَّ لَبَنُهَا, O, and so in another copy of the Ṣ,) and her udder drawn up, (Ṣ, O,) there remaining in her udder no more than a شَوْل, a third of the quantity of the contents thereof when her bringing forth was recent: (TA:) she-camels in this case are termed شَوْلٌ↓, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) an anomalous pl., (Ḳ,) [or rather a quasi-pl. n.,] expl. by some as applied to she-camels whose milk has become deficient, which is the case when their young are weaned at the period of the [auroral] rising of سُهَيْل [or Canopus, a period which commenced, in Central Arabia, about the beginning of the era of the Flight, on the 4th of August, O. Ṣ.], and they cease not to be thus termed until the stallion is sent among them; (TA;) the pl. pl. [or pl. of شَوْلٌ] is أَشْوَالٌ; (Ḳ;) and شَوَائِلُ is a pl. of شَائِلَةٌ meaning [as expl. above, or] a she-camel whose milk has become withdrawn. (TA.)

شَائِلٌ is also applied to Anything that is raised, or drawn up, or withdrawn. (TA.)

شَوْشَلَآءُ Initus; syn. نَيْكٌ: said to be an Abyssinian word. (Ibn-ʼAbbád, O, Ḳ.)

مِشْوَلٌ A small مِنْجَل [or reaping-hook: in the CK, erroneously, مُنْخُل]. (Ṣ, O, Ḳ, TA.)

مُشِيلٌ act. part. n. of 4. See an ex. in a verse cited voce خَافِض; cited also in the present art. in the Ṣ and O.

مِشْوَلَةٌ is said by Yz to signify A certain thing with which one plays. (O, TA.)

مِشْوَالٌ A stone that is raised. (Lḥ, Ḳ.)