Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

شَاعَ, aor. يَشِيعُ, (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. شُيُوعٌ (O, Mṣb, Ḳ) and شَيْعُوعَةٌ (Ṣ, O, Ḳ) and شَيْعٌ (Ḳ) and شَيَعَانٌ and مَشَاعٌ, (O, Ḳ, the last, in the CK, مَشَاعَة,) said of information, an announcement, a piece of news, or a narrative, or story, (TA,) or of a thing, (O, Mṣb,) It became spread, published, divulged, revealed, made known, or disclosed; (Ṣ, O, Ḳ, TA;) or it became apparent, or manifest; (Mṣb, TA;) فِى النَّاسِ [among the people]; so as to reach every one, becoming equally known by the people, not known by some exclusively of others. (TA.)

[Hence, app.,] شاع, aor. as above, said of a thing, signifies also † It became scattered, or dispersed; like شَعَّ. (TA in art. شع.) You say, شاع اللَّبَنُ فِى المَآءِ, (Mṣb,) or شاعت قَطْرَةٌ مِنَ اللَّبَنِ فِى المَآءِ, andتشيّعت↓, (TA,) † The milk, (Mṣb,) or the drop of milk, (TA,) became dispersed in the water, (Mṣb, TA,) and mixed: (Mṣb:) andشَيَّعَ↓ فِيهِ likewise signifies it became dispersed in it. (TA.) And شاع الشَّيْبُ, inf. n. شَيْعٌ and شِيَاعٌ and شَيَعَانٌ and شُيُوعٌ and شُيُوعَةٌ and مَشِيعٌ, ‡ Whiteness of the hair, or hoariness, appeared, and became scattered: and شاع فِيهِ الشَّيْبُ, inf. n. as above, ‡ Whiteness of the hair, or hoariness, spread upon him; as alsoتشيّعهُ↓ [or تشيّع فِيهِ, agreeably with what has been said above]. (TA.) And شاع الصَّدْعُ فِى الزُّجَاجَةِ † The crack spread, and became dispersed, in the glass, or glass vessel. (Th, TA.) Andتشايعت↓ الإِبِلُ † The camels became scattered, or dispersed; or they scattered, or dispersed, themselves. (TA.)

As trans. by means of بِ: see 4, in two places.

[It is also trans. by itself.] شَاعَكُمُ السَّلَامُ is like the saying عَلَيْكُمُ السَّلَامُ [Safety, or peace,, &c., be, or light and abide, on you]; (Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) but is only said by a man to his companions when he desires to quit them: (Ṣ, O:) or it means [may safety,, &c.,] follow you: (O, Ḳ:) or, not quit you: (Ḳ:) whence, (TA,) one says also شَاعَكَ الخَيْرُ may prosperity not quit thee; and in like manner Lebeed says of praise (حَمْدٌ): (O, TA:) [and J says that] شاعهُ, inf. n. شِيَاعٌ, signifies he, or it, followed him: (Ṣ:) or شاعكم السلام, (Yoo, O, Ḳ,) aor. يَشَاعُكُم, inf. n. شَيْعٌ, (Yoo, O,) means [may safety,, &c.,] fill you: (Yoo, O, Ḳ:) [app. from what next follows.]

One says also شِعْتُ الإِنَآءَ, (Ḳ, TA,) aor. أَشِيعُهُ, inf. n. شَيْعٌ, (TA,) I filled the vessel. (Ḳ, TA.)

شيّع فِيهِ: see 1.

شيّع said of a pastor, He blew in the reed-pipe [called شِيَاع, by means of which the camels are called together]. (Lth, Ḳ, TA.)

شيّع بِالإِبِلِ He (a pastor) called to the camels, whereupon they followed one another; (Mṣb;) in [some of] the copies of the Ḳ, i. q. اشاء بها, [in the CK اَشابَها,] but correctlyأَشَاعَ↓ بِهَا, (TA,) which means he called to the camels, (Ḳ in another part of the art., and TA,) when some of them remained, or lagged, behind: (TA:) and [in like manner]شايع↓ بِإِبِلِهِ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) inf. n. مُشَايَعَةٌ and شِيَاعٌ, (Ṣ,) he (a pastor, Ṣ) shouted and called to his camels, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) when some of them remained, or lagged, behind: (Ṣ:) or شيّع إِبِلَهُ he (a pastor) called out among his camels, whereupon they went along, following one another: (Mgh:) and شيّع الغَنَمَ he urged on the sheep, or goats, (Ḳ,* TA,) because of their lagging behind, (TA,) in order that they might follow the others. (Ḳ, TA.) [The last two phrases are app. from the second of the explanations here following.]

شيّعهُ, inf. n. تَشْيِيعٌ, also signifies He sent, or sent on, him, or it. (TA.)

And He made him, or it, to follow. (TA.)

[And He made it to be followed by another thing.] One says, شَيَّعْتُ رَمَضَانَ بِسِتٍّ مِنْ شَوَّالٍ [or rather بِسِتَّةٍ] † I made [the fasting of] Ramadán to be followed by [the fasting of] six [days] of Showwál expl. by أَتْبَعْتُهُ بِهَا [a well-known phrase, of frequent occurrence, but one which I have not found in any of the lexicons, except in explanations; the approved phrase used in its stead being أَتْبَعْتُهُ إِيَّاهَا, lit. meaning “I made them to follow it;” this being virtually the same as “I made it to be followed by them”]: (Mṣb:) [and in like manner, the elliptical phrase] شيّع رَمَضَانَ, (Ḳ,) or شيّع شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ, (O, TA,) means He fasted after Rama- dán, or the month of Ramadán, six days; (O, Ḳ, TA;) i. e. أَتْبَعَهُ بِهَا. (TA.)

شَيَّعْتُهُ عِنْدَ رَحِيلِهِ (Lth,* Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ *) I went forth with him (Lth, O, Mṣb, Ḳ) on the occasion of his departure, (O, Mṣb,) namely, a guest, (Mṣb,) in order to bid him farewell, and to conduct him to his place of alighting, [app. meaning, to his first place of alighting,] (Lth, O, Ḳ,) or to show honour, or courtesy, to him; and I bade him farewell: (Mṣb:) or شيّع الضَّيْفَ signifies he followed the guest [app. on the occasion of his departure, in order to bid him farewell,, &c.]: (Mgh:) or شيّعهُ عِنْدَ رَحِيلِهِ he went forth with him on the occasion of his departure, desiring to cheer him by his company to some place: andشايعهُ↓ signifies the same. (TA.)

[شيّعهُ sometimes signifies He followed him, not coming up with him, but always going behind him]. See المُشَيِّعَةُ, voce مُشَيَّعٌ.

[And He followed, or imitated, him; conformed, agreed, or complied, with him; like شَايَعَهُ]. See 3, in three places.

شيّع فُلَانًا ‡ He encouraged such a one, and emboldened him, (O, Ḳ, TA,) and strengthened him. (TA.) One says, فُلَانٌ يُشَيِّعُهُ عَلَى ذٰلِكَ ‡ Such a one strengthens him to do that. (TA.) And شَيَّعَ هٰذَا بِهٰذَا † He strengthened this with this. (TA.)

شيّعهُ النَّارَ ‡ He threw, or put, firewood upon the fire to make it blaze or flame, burn up, or burn brightly or fiercely. (ISk, Ṣ, Ḳ, TA.)

And شيّعهُ بِالنَّارِ † He burned him, or it, with fire. (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA.) Of anything that has been burned, one says, شُيِّعَ. (TA.)

مُشَايَعَةٌ primarily signifies The following another, or conforming with him, in, or as to, an affair, and an opinion; as also شِيَاعٌ; [an inf. n. of شايعهُ, like the former;] and so too signifiesتَشَيُّعٌ↓ [if not a mistranscription forتَشْيِيعٌ↓, which I rather think it to be, agreeably with what follows]: and the agreeing, or complying, with him, or obeying him. (TA.) You say, شايعهُ عَلَى أَمْرٍ, (Lth, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. مُشَايَعَةٌ (Mṣb) [and شِيَاعٌ], He followed him, or conformed with him, [&c.,] in, or as to, an affair: (Lth, O, Mṣb:) or he did so, and strengthened him; and likewise على رَأْىٍ in, or as to, an opinion; as alsoشيّعهُ↓ عَلَيْهِ, referring to an opinion [and an affair]. (TA.) And مَا تُشَايِعُنِى رِجْلِى وَلَا سَاقِى My leg does not conform with [my wish] nor aid me to walk, nor does my shank. (TA.) And شَايَعَتْهُ نَفْسُهُ عَلَى ذٰلِكَ His soul conformed [or complied] with him, [i. e. with his wish,] and encouraged him, to do that; as alsoشَيَّعَتْهُ↓. (L, TA.)

Also (O, Ḳ) He befriended him, or was friendly to him; syn. وَالَاهُ, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) from الوَلِىُّ. (Ṣ.)

شايعهُ عِنْدَ رَحِيلِهِ: see 2, in the latter part of the paragraph.

شايع بِإِبِلِهِ: see 2, near the beginning. [Hence, app.,] one says also, شَايَعَ بِهِمُ الدَّلِيلُ فَأَبْصَرُوا الهُدَى The guide called to them [and they saw the right direction]. (TA.)

الشِّيَاعُ occurs in a trad., as some relate it, and is expl. as there meaning المُفَاخَرَةُ بِكَثْرَةِ الجِمَاعِ: but AA says that it is a mistranscription for السِّبَاعُ, with س and ب; or that it may be from شَاعَةٌ signifying “a wife.” (IAth, TA.)

اشاع الخَبَرَ, (Ṣ, O,) or الشَّىْءَ, (Mṣb, Ḳ,) or rather السِّرَّ, as in the L; (TA;) and اشاع بِهِ; (O,* Ḳ;) as alsoشاع↓ بِهِ, first pers. شِعْتُ به; (Mṣb, Ḳ;) He spread, published, divulged, revealed, made known, or disclosed, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) and (Ḳ) made apparent or manifest, (Mṣb, Ḳ,) the information, announcement, news, narrative, or story, (Ṣ, O,) or the thing, (Mṣb, Ḳ,) or the secret. (L, TA.) And اشاع ذِكْرَ الشَّىْءِ He made the mention, or fame, of the thing to fly [abroad, or to spread]. (TA.)

أَشَعْتُ المَالَ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ † I dispersed, or distributed, the property among the people, or party; and القِدْرَ فِى الحَىِّ the [contents of] the cooking-pot among the tribe. (AʼObeyd, TA.) [See also its pass. part. n.]

اشاعت بِبَوْلِهَا † She (a camel) ejected her urine, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) scattering it, (Ḳ,) and stopped it; (Ṣ, Ḳ; expl. in the Ḳ in two places;) but this is only when the stallion has leaped her, and is only said in relation to camels; andاشتاعت↓ ببولها signifies the same: and in like manner اشاع is said of a he-camel. (TA.)

أَشَاعَكُمُ ٱللّٰهُ السَّلَامَ, (Ṣ, O,) or بِالسَّلَامِ, (Ḳ,) or both, (TA,) as alsoشَاعَكُمُ↓ ٱللّٰهُ بِالسَّلَامِ, (Ḳ,) May God make safety, or peace,, &c., [to light and abide upon you, or] to accompany and follow you. (Ṣ, O, Ḳ. [See also 1, latter half.])

اشاع بِالإِبِلِ: see 2.

[اشاعت is also expl. in the TA as meaning خرجت: but I suspect a mistranscription or an omission in this case.]

see 1, in two places.

تشيّع said of a man, (Ṣ, O,) He asserted himself to hold the tenets of the شِيعَة [q. v.]: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ, KL, TA:) or he became a شِيَعِىّ: a verb similar to تَحَنَّفَ and تَشَفَّعَ. (TA.)

[Accord. to Golius, it is expl. in the KL as meaning He left a portion of a thing undistributed: but this explanation is not in my copy of that work.]

تشيّع فِى الشَّىْءِ He strove, or laboured, or he distressed himself, or he courted death, (اِسْتَهْلَكَ,) in his love of the thing. (TA.)

تشيّعهُ الغَضَبُ Anger excited him to lightness, levity, or unsteadiness; or flurried, or disquieted, him. (TA.)

See also 3, first sentence.

تشايعت الإِبِلُ: see 1.

تشايعوا is from الشِّيعَةُ, (Ṣ, O,) and signifies They became شِيَع [i. e. separate parties,, &c., pl. of شِيعَةٌ, q. v.]. (TA.)

And They went, or went along, together. (KL.)

[See also the part. n., voce شَيِّعٌ.]

اشتاعت بِبَوْلِهَا, said of a she-camel: see 4.

[See also the part. n., voce شَيِّعٌ.]

شَاعٌ, originally شَائِعٌ: see the latter word.

Also The urine of the she-camel, that becomes scattered when the stallion leaps her. (Aṣ, O, Ḳ.) And, (Aṣ, O, [accord. to the Ḳ “or,”]) The urine of the he-camel when he is excited by lust. (Aṣ, O, Ḳ.)

شَيْعٌ A space [of time]. (Ṣ, O, Ḳ.) One says, أَقَامَ فُلَانٌ شَهْرًا أَوْ شَيْعَهُ (Ṣ, O) i. e. Such a one remained, or stayed, a month or the space thereof: or nearly the space thereof. (TA.)

One says also, آتِيكَ غَدًا أَوْ شَيْعَهُ I will come to thee to-morrow or after it: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) or to-morrow or the day after it. (L, TA.)

And هٰذَا شَيْعُ هٰذَا This is he that was born next after this; like شَوْعُهُ: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ, all in art. شوع:) or this is the like of this. (AʼObeyd, O and Ḳ in the present art.)

شَيْعٌ signifies also A follower: and a friend, or a comrade, or an assistant. (KL.)

And A lion's whelp: (Lth, IDrd, Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) or when he has attained to taking prey; so in the L: and some say the lion [himself]. (TA.)

See also شَائِعٌ.

شِيعُ نِسَآءٍ One who follows after women, and mixes, associates, or converses, with them. (Ḳ,* TA.)

شَاعَةٌ A wife: because she follows, or conforms with, [the wishes of] her husband. (Sh, O, Ḳ, TA.)

See also شَائِعٌ.

شَيْعَةٌ A certain tree, (O, Ḳ,) below the stature of a man, having knotted, or jointed, rods, and small, dark-red blossoms, smaller than the jasmine: (O:) the bees feed upon it; (O, Ḳ;) and men eat its tender extremities, being rendered healthy, or sound, thereby; (يَتَصَحَّحُونَ بِهِ;) and it has a hot quality in the mouth; and is sweet in odour: (O:) clothes become sweet-scented by adhering to it, (O, Ḳ,* TA,) i. e. to its blossom, agreeably with what is said in the “Book of Plants,” not to the tree, to which the pronoun refers in the O and Ḳ; (TA;) and its honey is clear, (O, Ḳ,) very clear, and is well known: it is a pasture; and grows in the plains, and near to seed-produce. (O.)

شِيعَةٌ A separate, or distinct, party, or sect, (O, Ḳ, TA,) of men: this is the primary signification: so called from their agreeing together, and following one another: or, accord. to some, the ى is originally و, and it is from شُوَّعَ قَوْمَهُ, which means “he collected his people or party:” (TA:) the followers and assistants (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ) of a man: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) any people that have combined in, or for, an affair: (Mṣb, TA:) accord. to Az, persons who follow, or conform with, one another, [though] not all of them agreeing together: (TA:) and any assistant and partisan of a man: (O, TA:) [for] the word is applied to one and to two and to a pl. number and to the male and to the female, (Ḳ, TA,) without variation: (TA:) the pl. is شِيَعٌ and أَشْيَاعٌ, (Ṣ,* O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) the latter a pl. pl.; (Mṣb;) and the former is applied to any people, or party, whose affair, or case, is one, who follow one another's opinion. (Ṣ.) The saying, in the Ḳur [xxxiv. last verse], كَمَا فُعِلَ بِأَشْيَاعِهِمْ مِنْ قَبْلُ means As was done with the likes of them, of the same persuasion as they, of the peoples that have gone before: (Ṣ,* TA:) and similar to this is the saying in the Ḳur liv. 51. (TA.)

Afterwards, الشِّيعَةُ became a name of A particular party [or sect]; (Mṣb, Ḳ;) being predominantly applied to all who took as their friends, or lords, ʼAlee and the people of his house: (Ḳ:) those who followed ʼAlee, saying that he was the [rightful] Imám after the Apostle of God, and believing that the office of Imám should not depart from him and his descendants: (KT:) they are an innumerable people, who are innovators; the extravagant zealots among them are the Imámeeyek, who revile the Two Sheykhs [Aboo-Bekr and ʼOmar]; and the most extravagant of them call the Two Sheykhs disbelievers: some of them rise to the pitch of [that misbelief which is termed] الزَّنْدَقَة [q. v.]. (TA.) [It is also applied to A single person of this party, or sect; agreeably with what has been said above; and such a person is likewise called شِيَعِىٌّ↓: see 5.]

[شِيَعِيَّةٌ and شِيْعِيَّةٌ The way of doctrine and practice, or the system of tenets, of the sect called الشِّيعَةُ.]

شِيَاعٌ The reed-pipe of the pastor; (IAạr, O, Ḳ;) the instrument with which the pastor blows; so named because he calls together the camels with it: (A, TA:) or the sound of the pastor's reed-pipe. (Ṣ, O, Ḳ.)

And Callers, or summoners; syn. دُعَاةٌ, (O, Ḳ,) pl. of دَاعٍ: (Ḳ:) in the Tekmileh, دُعَآء [a call, or calling,, &c.]. (TA.)

Also, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) andشَيَاعٌ↓, (O, Ḳ,) but the former is the more chaste, (O, [and the same is implied in the Ḳ,]) ‡ Slender firewood, with which a fire is made to blaze or flame, burn up, or burn brightly or fiercely: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ, TA:) andشَيُوعٌ↓ signifies [the same, i. e.] slender firewood (AḤn, O, Ḳ) that is quickly kindled by a weak fire, so that it prevails over the thick, or large, firewood. (AḤn, O.)

شَيِّعٌ A sharer, or partner: (TA:) pl. شُيَعَآءُ. (O, Ḳ, TA.) One says, هُمْ شُيَعَآءُ فِيهَا [They are sharers, or partners, in it, i. e. a house (دَار) or land;] i. e. every one of them is a شَيِّع to his fellow [or fellows]. (O, Ḳ.) Andهُمَا مُتَشَايِعَانِ↓ فِى دَارٍ, (O, Ḳ,) or أَرْضٍ; (O;) andمُشْتَاعَانِ↓, (O, TA,) in the copies of the Ḳ, erroneously, مُتَشَاعَانِ; (TA;) They two are sharers, or partners, in a house, (O, Ḳ,) or land. (O.)

And الدَّارُ شَيِّعَةٌ بَيْنَهُمْ The house is undivided [i. e. shared] among them; syn. مُشَاعَةٌ↓. (O, Ḳ. [See also شَائِعٌ.])

شَائِعٌ Information, an announcement, a piece of news, a narrative, or a story, spreading; or becoming spread, published, divulged, revealed, made known, disclosed, apparent, or manifest; فِى النَّاسِ [among the people]; so as to reach every one, becoming equally known by the people, not known by some exclusively of others: (TA:) andشَاعَةٌ↓ [is app. a pl. thereof, like as بَاعَةٌ is of بَائِعٌ, signifying, or so أَخْبَارٌ شَاعَةٌ,] news, or tidings,, &c., spreading, or becoming spread. (IAạr, O, Ḳ.)

[† A thing scattered, or dispersed, or in a state of dispersion: fem. with ة {شَائِعَةٌ}: pl. of the latter شَوَائِعُ; which may also be pl. of the former applied to a rational being, like فَوَارِسُ pl. of فَارِسٌ.] One says, جَآءَتِ الخَيْلُ شَوَائِعَ † The horsemen came scattered, or dispersed, or in a state of dispersion; as also شَوَاعِىَ, formed by transposition. (TA. [But the latter is also mentioned as belonging to art. شعو.])

Also A lot, share, or portion, (سَهْمٌ, Ṣ O, Mṣb, Ḳ, and نَصِيبٌ, TA,) undivided; and soشَاعٌ↓, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ, TA,) like as one says سَائِرُ الشَّىْءِ and سَارُهُ; (Ṣ, O;) andمُشَاعٌ↓; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) [i. e. shared in common; as though] spread; (TA;) so called because mixed, not being separated: (Mṣb:) [and it seems, from the usage of a phrase in art. خلط of the Ḳ, (المُشَارِكُ فِى الشُيُوعِ,) that شَيْعٌ↓, as sing. of شُيُوعٌ, signifies an undivided portion.]

Also Anything that is a supplement to a thing: or an addition, or augment, thereto. (TA.)

مَشِيعٌ Filled; (O, Ḳ;) applied to a vessel. (Ḳ.)

[Hence,] † Very rancorous, malevolent, malicious, or spiteful; filled with baseness, meanness, or sordidness. (Ḳ, TA. [In the CK, erroneously said to be, in this sense, مِشْيَع, like مَكْيَل; instead of مَشِيع, like مَكِيل.]) Hence also, هُوَ ضَبٌّ مَشِيعٌ † He is [like a lizard of the kind called ضبّ that is] very rancorous,, &c. (TA.) IAạr says, I heard Abu-l-Mekárim revile a man, saying, هُوَ خَبٌّ مَشِيعٌ, [perhaps correctly ضَبٌّ, but see this word, which is used as a syn. sequent to خَبٌّ,] meaning He is like a ضَبّ that is very rancorous,, &c., and unprofitable; (O, TA;) مَشِيعٌ, here, being with fet-ḥ to the م; (O;) from شِعْتُهُ “I filled it.” (O, TA.)

مِشْيَعَةٌ A قُفَّة [or kind of basket, of palmleaves,] in which a woman puts her cotton and other things: (IDrd, O, L, Ḳ:) so called because it accompanies and follows her. (TA.)

مِشْيَاعٌ One who will not keep, or conceal, a secret; or one who is unable to conceal his information, news, or tidings; [a babbler of secrets, &c.;] syn. مِذْيَاعٌ. (Ṣ, O, Ḳ.)

مُشَيَّعٌ ‡ Courageous: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ, TA:) as though he were encouraged and emboldened and strengthened by another, or encouraged and emboldened by the strength of his heart: (O, Ḳ:) or whose heart is encouraged and emboldened by every formidable affair in which he has embarked. (A, TA.)

And ‡ Very quick or speedy or hasty. (Ibn-ʼAbbád, Z, O, Ḳ.)

المُشَيَّعَةُ, in a trad. relating to sheep or goats to be slaughtered as victims on the day of sacrifice, in which trad. such are forbidden, (O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) means the sheep or goat (Mgh) that requires one to urge it on after the [other] sheep or goats, (Mgh, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) because of its weakness (Mgh, Ḳ) and leanness, (Mgh,) or because of its lack of strength to follow them: (O:) or, as some relate it, the word is المُشَيِّعَةُ↓, (Mgh, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) meaning that ceases not to follow the [other] sheep or goats, (لَا تَزَالُ تُشَيِّعُ↓ الغَنَمَ, O, Ḳ,* i. e. تَتْبَعُهَا, Mgh, O, Ḳ,) or that ceases not to lag behind the [other] sheep or goats, (Mṣb,) not coming up with them, (Mgh, TA,) but always going behind them, (TA,) because of its leanness; (Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ;) from شَيَّعَ الضَّيْفَ [expl. above (see 2)]; (Mgh;) or as though urging on the [other] sheep or goats. (Mṣb.)

مُشَايِعٌ Overtaking, or coming up with another or others; or one that overtakes,, &c.: (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA:) as in the saying of Lebeed,

* كَمَا ضَمَّ أُخْرَى التَّالِيَاتِ المُشَايِعُ *

[Like as he that overtakes collects together the last of those cattle that go behind the others]. (TA.)