Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

صَرِدَ, aor. ـَ {يَصْرَدُ}, inf. n. صَرَدٌ, He, or it, was, or became, cold: or intensely cold. (M, L. [See صَرْدٌ.]) One says, صَرِدْتُ اليَوْمَ صَرَدًا شَدِيدًا [I was, or became, to day, very cold; or very intensely cold]. (A.) And صَرِدَ يَوْمُنَا [Our day was, or became, very cold; or very intensely cold]. (A.)

And صَرِدَ, aor. as above, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) and so the inf. n., (Ṣ,) He (a man) was quickly sensible of cold. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

And صَرِدَ said of milk, It became in a state of decomposition, by reason of cold. (TA.)

And, said of a skin, (O, Ḳ,) inf. n. as above, (O, TA,) It emitted its butter in clots: (O, Ḳ:) of the doing of which it is cured with hot water. (O, TA.)

صَرِدَ عَنِ الشَّىْءِ, inf. n. as above, means † He abstained, refrained, or desisted, from the thing; [as though he became cold with respect to it;] he left, relinquished, or forsook, it: (M:) and صَرِدَ قَلْبِى عَنِ الشَّىْءِ ‡ My heart refrained from the thing; left, relinquished, or forsook, it: (Ṣ, A, O, Ḳ:) like as one says, أَصْبَحَ قَلْبِى صَرِدًا↓: (TA:) the [lizard called] ضَبّ is spoken of as saying,

* أَصْبَحَ قَلْبِى صَرِدَا *

* لَا يَشْتَهِى أَنْ يَرِدَا *

[† My heart has become cold, or indifferent, (meaning disposed to abstinence,) not desirous of coming to drink]. (O.)

صَرِدَ, (M, L, Ḳ,) or صَرِدَ عَنِ الرَّمِيَّةِ, (Ṣ,) or مِنَ الرَّمِيَّةِ, (A,) said of an arrow, (Ṣ, M, A, Ḳ,) and of a spear, (M, L,) aor. as above, (L,) and so the inf. n., (M, A, L,) It passed through, or transpierced, or a part of it passed through, (Ṣ, M,) the animal at which it was shot [or thrown], by reason of its sharpness; expl. by نَفَذَ حِدَّةً: (Ṣ:) or it penetrated so that its extremity passed through; expl. by نَفَذَ حَدُّهُ; (L, Ḳ;) or خَرَجَتْ شَبَاةُ حَدِّهِ; and so صَرَدَ, aor. ـُ {يَصْرُدُ}. (A. [See صَارِدٌ: and see an ex. in a verse cited voce بُقْيَا.])

And صَرِدَ, (Ḳ,) inf. n. صَرَدٌ and صَرْدٌ, (M, L,) [the latter inf. n. suggesting that one says also صَرَدَ,] said of an arrow, (M, Ḳ,) and of a spear and the like, (M,) It missed the object of aim: thus having two contr. significations: (M, L, Ḳ:) andاصرد↓ also has the latter of these two significations. (L.)

صَرِدَ said of a horse, aor. ـَ {يَصْرَدُ}, [inf. n. صَرَدٌ,] ‡ He became galled in the place of the saddle: (Ḳ, TA:) [or he had a white place, or white places, on his back, produced by galls, or by hair growing in the places of galls: (see صَرِدٌ and صُرَدٌ:)] and, said of a camel, he had white fur growing in the place of a gall produced by the saddle, after its healing. (AO.)

See also 4.

تَصْرِيدٌ, (Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) in the giving to drink, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) is The giving to drink less than satisfies thirst. (Ṣ,* M, Ḳ.*) One says, صرّدهُ He gave him to drink less than satisfied his thirst. (M.) And صَرَّدْتُ الشَّارِبَ عَنِ المَآءِ I stopped short the drinker from drinking the water. (A.) And سَقَى سَقْيًا غَيْرَ تَصْرِيدٍ [He gave to drink a quantity not less than satisfied thirst]. (A.) And صرّد السَّقْىَ He stopped short the giving to drink before satisfying thirst. (A.) And صرّد شُرْبَهُ He cut short, or put a stop to, his drinking. (TA.) And صرّد شَرَابَهُ He made his beverage to be little in quantity. (A.) And accord. to the T, تَصْرِيدٌ signifies The drinking less than satisfies thirst. (TA.)

Also, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) in giving, (Ṣ,) ‡ The making to be little, or small, in quantity or number. (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA.) One says, صرّد العَطَآءَ ‡ He made the gift to be little, or small, (M, A, TA,) لَهُ to him. (A, TA.) And it is said in a trad., [app. relating to a particular class of persons,] لَنْ يَدْخُلَ الجَنَّةَ إِلَّا تَصْرِيدًا, meaning قَلِيلًا [i. e. † They will not enter Paradise save in small number]. (TA.)

[Also, app., An arrow's hitting the object of aim: see its part. n. مُصَرِّدٌ.]

And The act of scattering, or dispersing. (El-Ḳálee, TA.)

And صرّد said of barley and of wheat, It put forth its awn, but not its ears, though almost doing the latter. (El-Hejeree, M.)

اصرد السَّهْمَ, (Ṣ, M, L, Ḳ,) and الرُّمْحَ; (M;) andصَرَدَهُ↓; (M, L, Ḳ;) He made the arrow, and the spear, or a part thereof, to pass through (Ṣ, M) the animal at which it was shot [or thrown]: (Ṣ:) or to penetrate so that its extremity passed through. (M, L, Ḳ.) [See صَرِدَ and صَارِدٌ.]

See also 1, latter part.

اِنْصِرَادٌ is said to mean The experiencing of cold. (Meyd. [Mentioned by him, with the expression of a doubt as to the true meaning, and as only occurring, to his knowledge, in a prov., which see in Freytag's “Arab. Prov.” i. 357: but أَكَامٍ, there, should be إِكَامٍ.])

صَرْدٌ (Ṣ, M, L, Ḳ) andصَرَدٌ↓, (M, L,) the former a simple subst. and the latter an inf. n., (Lth,) andصَرِيدٌ↓, (TA,) Cold, or coldness: (Ṣ, M, L, Ḳ:) or intense cold: (M, L:) صَرْدٌ is a Pers. word, [originally سَرْد,] arabicized: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) or, accord. to a number of authors, it is an Arabic word adopted by the Persians. (MF.) One says يَوْمُ صَرْدٍ andصَرَدٍ↓ [A day of cold: or of intense cold]. (A.)

For the former, see also صَرِدٌ, in two places.

Also, the former, A high place in mountains; (AA, L, Ḳ;) being the coldest part. (AA, L.)

صَرْدٌ signifies also Pure, unmixed, unadulterated, or genuine; (Ṣ, M, L, Ḳ;) applied to beverage, (L,) such as is termed نَبِيذ, (Ṣ, L,) and to wine, (L,) and to anything. (M, Ḳ.) One says كَذِبٌ صَرْدٌ † An unmixed lie. (Ṣ, L.) And أُحِبُّهُ حُبًّا صَرْدًا I love him with a pure, genuine, or sincere, love. (AZ, Ṣ, L.)

[Hence,] جَيْشٌ صَرْدٌ † An army composed only of the sons of one father or ancestor: (L:) or an army altogether consisting of sons of one's paternal uncle [meaning of one's relations]: (AO:) or, (M, A, L, Ḳ,) andجَيْشٌ صَرِدٌ↓ (M, A, L) andصَرَدٌ↓, (Ḳ,) † A great army; (Ḳ;) ‡ an army that appears, from the slowness of its motion, by reason of its great number, to be inanimate. (M, A, L.)

See also صُرَدٌ, near the end.

يَوْمٌ صَرِدٌ An intensely-cold day; and لَيْلَةٌ صَرِدَةٌ an intensely-cold night: (M, L:) [or]يَوْمٌ صَرْدٌ↓ a cold day: (Ṣ:) and رِيَاحٌ صَوَارِدُ. [pl. of رِيحٌ↓ صَارِدَةٌ↓] cold winds. (Ḥam p. 596.) Andأَرْضٌ صَرْدٌ↓ A cold land: pl. صُرُودٌ: (M:) the latter (i. e. the pl.) contr. of جُرُومٌ. (Ṣ.) And رَجُلٌ صَرِدٌ A cold, or an intensely-cold, man: andقَوْمٌ صَرْدَى↓ a cold, or an intensely-cold, company of men. (M, L.) See also مِصْرَادٌ.

صَرِدٌ applied to milk, In a state of decomposition, (O, Ḳ, TA,) by reason of cold. (TA.)

صَرِدٌ عَنْ شَىْءٍ † Abstaining, refraining, or desisting, from a thing; [as though cold with respect to it;] leaving, relinquishing, or forsaking, it. (M.) See 1.

See also صَرْدٌ.

And see صَارِدٌ

صَرِدٌ applied to a horse, ‡ Galled in the place of the saddle: (Ḳ, TA:) or, (L,) as alsoمُصَرَّدٌ↓, (A, TA,) having a white place, or white places, on his back, produced by galls, (L, TA,) or having on his back white places, termed صِرْدَان, [pl. of صُرَدٌ,] produced by hair growing in the places of galls. (A.) [And app. applied in a similar sense to a camel: see صَرِدَ.]

صُرَدٌ A certain bird, (Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) above the size of the sparrow, (M,) having a large head, (Ḳ,) which preys upon sparrows: (T, Ḳ:) a certain bird, black and white, or party-coloured, (أَبْقَعُ,) with a white belly: (A:) a certain bird of the crow-kind, also called الوَاقِى: (Mṣb:) the Arabs used to regard its cry, (L, Mṣb,) and the bird itself, (L,) as of evil omen, (L, Mṣb,) and used to kill it; and they are forbidden to kill it, in order to dispel the idea of a thing's being of evil omen: (Mṣb:) there are two species thereof; one species is called by the people of El-'Irák العَقْعَقُ [a name now applied to the magpie, corvus pica]; the other species, called الصُّرَدُ الهَمْهَامُ, [so in the L, but in my copy of the Mṣb الهيام,] is the wild sort, which is found in Nejd, upon the trees called عِضَاه; it is never seen but upon the ground, [so in the L, but in my copy of the Mṣb, it is never seen upon the ground,] springing from tree to tree: (Sukeyn En-Numeyree, L, Mṣb:) when chased, and hard pressed, it is overtaken, and utters a cry like that of the hawk: it preys upon sparrows: (Mṣb:) it is described by AḤát as a bird black and white, or party-coloured, (أَبْقَعُ,) with a white belly, and a back of a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour (أَخْضَر), [or, as is said in the L, half white and half black, found in trees,] large in the head and beak, having a talon with which it preys upon sparrows and other small birds, as large as the point of a spear: (Mgh, Mṣb:) some add to this that it is called المُجَوَّفُ, because of the whiteness of its belly; and الأَخْطَبُ, because of the dark, or ashy, dust-colour of its back; and الأَخْيَلُ [a name now applied to the green woodpecker, picus viridis], because of its diversity of colour; that it is never seen but upon a branch (فِى شُعْبَةٍ, and so in the L,) or a tree, (Mgh, Mṣb,) and can scarcely ever, or never, be taken, (Mṣb,) or can never be taken: (Mgh, L:) it is regarded as of evil omen: (Mgh:) Ṣgh says that it is called سُمَيْطٌ, [perhaps a mistranscription for شُمَيْطٌ, because black and white,] in the dim. form: (Mṣb:) [it is said that] it was the first bird that fasted for the sake of God: (Ḳ:) the pl. is صِرْدَانٌ: (Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ:) and the female is called صُرَدَةٌ. (Mṣb.)

Also ‡ A white place, (Ṣ, M, L, Ḳ,) produced by galls, (Ṣ, L, Ḳ,) or by the saddle; (M;) or صُرَدَةٌ signifies a white place produced by hair growing in the place of a gall; likened to the colour of the bird thus called: (A:) pl. صِرْدَانٌ. (M, A.) And † A white place on the hump of a camel: (M:) or white fur growing in the place of a gall produced by the saddle, after its healing: (AO:) pl. as above. (AO, M.)

And † A certain vein (Aṣ, M) beneath the tongue, (Aṣ,) or in the lower part of the tongue, (M,) of the horse. (Aṣ, M.) And الصُّرَدَانِ † Two veins, (Lth, Ks, Ṣ, M, L, Ḳ,) of a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour, (أَخْضَرَانِ, Lth, Ks, M, L,) in the lower part of the tongue, by means of which the tongue moves about, (Lth, Ks, L,) or penetrating within (يَسْتَبْطِنَانِ) the tongue: (Ṣ, M, Ḳ:) or two veins, on the right and left of the tongue: (L:) or, as some say, two bones, which erect (يُقِيمَانِ) the tongue. (M.) Yezeed Ibn-Es-Sa'ik in his saying

* لَهُ صُرَدَانِ مُنْطَلِقَا اللِّسَانِ *

means ذَرِبَانِ [i. e. ذَرِبَا اللِّسَانِ, for ذَرِبٌ لِسَانُهُمَا, as though he said لَهُ لِسَانٌ ذَرِبٌ He has a long, or an unbridled, tongue; the phrase that he uses being pleonastic]. (Ṣ.)

Also, (M, L,) orصَرْدٌ↓, (so in the Ḳ,) andصَرَدٌ↓, which is the more known, (TA,) A nail in a spear-head, (M, L, Ḳ,) by means of which the shaft is fastened to it. (L, Ḳ.*)

Accord. to Sh, فَتَّحَ صُرَدَهُ means He opened his mind, so as to reveal his secrets. (TA. [But this is perhaps a mistranscription, for فتح صُرَرَهُ: see صُرَّةٌ.])

صَرْدَى [pl. of صَرِدٌ; and, agreeably with analogy, of صَرِيدٌ]: see صَرِدٌ, and صُرَّادٌ.

صَرِيدٌ: see صَرْدٌ.

Also Hoar-frost, or rime; syn. جَلِيدٌ. (TA.)

See also صُرَّادٌ.

صَرِيدَةٌ [app. a subst.; for if it were an epithet, having the meaning of a pass. part. n. of the fem. gender, it should by rule be without ة;] A female animal, (M,) or a ewe, (Ḳ,) injured, (M, Ḳ,) and emaciated, (M,) by cold: pl. صَرَائِدُ: (M, Ḳ:) on the authority of IAạr. (Kudot;.)

صُرَّادٌ Cold and humid clouds in which is no water: (Aṣ:) or cold and humid clouds which the wind carries away; as alsoصُرَّيْدٌ↓ andصَرِيدٌ↓: (M:) or thin clouds in which is no water; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) as alsoصُرَّيْدٌ↓ (Ḳ) andصَرْدَى↓. (L, TA.)

صَارِدٌ: see its fem., with ة {صَارِدَةٌ}, voce صَرِدٌ.

Also, (Ṣ, A, L, Ḳ,) andمِصْرَادٌ↓, (Ṣ, L, Ḳ,) andصَرِدٌ↓, (A,) An arrow that has passed, or of which a part has passed, through the animal at which it has been shot; syn. نَافِذٌ: (Ṣ, L, Ḳ:) or of which the extremity only has passed through: when part of the arrow has passed through, it is termed نَافِذٌ; and when the whole has passed through, مَارِقٌ. (A.) And نَبْلٌ صَوَارِدُ Arrows of which the extremities have passed through the animals at which they have been shot. (A.)

أَصْرَدُ More [and most] cold; or more [and most] affected by cold:

and More [and most] transpiercing. (Meyd, in explanations of provs. commencing with this word. [See Freytag's “Arab. Prov.” pp. 743-4.])

مُصْرِدٌ, (Ḳṭr, L,) orمُصْرَدٌ↓, (so accord. to the Ḳ, [the former agreeable with its verb, the latter app. a mistake,]) An arrow missing the object of aim. (Ḳṭr, L, Ḳ.) [See also مُصَرِّدٌ.]

مُصَرَّدٌ Beverage, (Ṣ,) or drink, (A,) made little in quantity. (Ṣ, A.)

And Given little to drink: or † given a small gift. (Ṣ.)

See also صَرِدٌ.

مُصَرِّدٌ An arrow hitting the object of aim. (Ḳṭr, L.) [See also مُصْرِدٌ.]

مِصْرَادٌ A wind (رِيحٌ) cold; or intensely cold: or accompanied by cold and humid clouds. (IAạr, M.)

Also, andصَرِدٌ↓, (T, Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) A man quickly sensible of cold; (Ṣ;) weak in enduring cold; (Ḳ;) impatient of cold. (T, M.)

And the former, Strong in enduring cold. (Ḳ.)

And A land without trees, and without anything (Ḳ, TA) of herbage. (TA.)

See also صَارِدٌ.

مُصْطَرِدٌ A man vehemently angered or enraged: (Ḳ:) and so مُصْطَرٌّ, without د. (TA.)