Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

ضَرَسَهُ, (A, TA,) aor. ـِ {يَضْرِسُ}, (TA,) inf. n. ضَرْسٌ, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) He bit it: (TA:) or he bit it vehemently with the أَضْرَاس [pl. of ضِرْسٌ, q. v.]; (Ṣ, A, Ḳ;) as alsoضرّسهُ↓: (A:) or with the ضَرْس. (T, TA.)

He (a beast of prey) chewed his flesh, (i. e., the flesh of his prey,) without swallowing it; (A;) as alsoضرّسهُ↓. (A, TA.)

He bit it (namely an arrow) to try it; to know if it were hard or weak: (Ṣ:) he marked it (namely an arrow) by biting it with his أَضْرَاس, (M, A,) or with his teeth. (Az, TA.)

† He tried him with respect to his claims to knowledge or courage. (IAạr.)

ضَرَسَتْهُ الخُطُوبُ, inf. n. ضَرْسٌ, ‡ Things or affairs, or calamities, tried, or tested, him; as alsoضرّستهُ↓. (TA.)

ضَرَسَتْهُ الحُرُوبُ, inf. n. ضَرْسٌ, ‡ Wars tried, or proved, him, and rendered him expert, or strong; (TA;) as alsoضرّستهُ↓, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) inf. n. تَضْرِيسٌ. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

ضَرَسَهُمُ الزَّمَانُ, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) inf. n. ضَرْسٌ, (Ḳ,) ‡ Fortune became severe, rigorous, afflictive, or adverse, to them; (Ṣ, A, Ḳ;*) as alsoضرّسهم↓. (A, TA.)

ضَرَسَ نَابُهَا ‡ She was evil in disposition: (TA:) and ضَرْسٌ [alone] the being evil in disposition. (IAạr.)

ضَرْسٌ also signifies † The biting of blame, or reprehension. (IAạr.)

And ‡ The keeping silence during a day, until the night: (O, Ḳ, TA:) as though biting one's tongue. (TA.)

And ضَرَسَ البِئْرَ, aor. ـِ {يَضْرِسُ} (O, Ḳ, TA) and ـُ {يَضْرُسُ}, (TA,) inf. n. ضَرْسٌ, (O, TA,) † He cased the well with stones: (O, Ḳ, TA:) or, as some say, he closed up the interstices of its casing with stones: and in like manner one says of any building. (TA.)

ضَرِسَتْ أَسْنَانُهُ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) aor. ـَ {يَضْرَسُ}, (Ḳ,) inf. n. ضَرَسٌ, (Ṣ,) His teeth were set on edge (كَلَّتْ) by eating or drinking what was acid, or sour. (Ṣ, A,* Ḳ.) And ضَرِسَ الرَّجُلُ The man's teeth were set on edge. (TA.) It is said in a trad. of Wahb Ibn-Munebbih, that a certain bastard, of the Children of Israel, offered an offering, and it was rejected; whereupon he said, يَا رَبِّ يَأْكُلُ أَبَوَاىَ الحَمْضَ وَأَضْرَسُ أَنَا أَنْتَ أَكْرَمُ مِنْ ذٰلِكَ [O my Lord, my two parents eat sour herbage, and are my teeth set on edge? Thou art more gracious than to suffer that]: and his offering was accepted. (O in art. حمض.) [See Jer., xxxi. 29; and Ezek., xviii. 2.]

Also ضَرِسَ, inf. n. ضَرَسٌ, ‡ He was angry by reason of hunger: because hunger sharpens the أَضْرَاس. (TA.)

And ضَرِسُوا بِالحَرْبِ † They persisted in war until they fought one another. (T, O, TA.)

ضرّسهُ inf. n. تَضْرِيسٌ: see ضَرَسَهُ, in five places.

تَضْرِيسٌ also signifies ‡ An indentation, or serration, (Az, TA,) like أَضْرَاس, (TA,) in a sapphire (يَاقُوتَة) and a pearl, or in wood. (Az, TA.)

ضَارَسْتُ الأُمُورَ ‡ I became experienced in affairs, and knew them. (T, TṢ.)

ضارسوا, (Ḳ,) inf. n. مُضَارَسَةٌ and ضِرَاسٌ; so in the Tekmileh; but in the M, تضارسوا↓; (TA;) ‡ They warred, or fought, one against another, and treated one another with enmity, or hostility: (Ḳ, TA:) from ضَرَسٌ, [inf. n. of ضَرِسَ,] signifying the “being angry by reason of hunger.” (TA.)

اضرسهُ It (acid, or sour, food, or drink,) set his teeth on edge; (Ibn-ʼAbbád, Ḳ;*) syn. أَكَلَّ أَسْنَانَهُ. (Ibn-ʼAbbád.) [And so, app., اضرس أَسْنَانَهُ.]

Also ‡ He, or it, (an affair, or event, Ṣ,) disquieted him. (Ibn-ʼAbbád, Ṣ, O, Ḳ, TA.)

And اضرسهُ بِالكَلَامِ † He silenced him by speech. (Ibn-ʼAbbád, O, Ḳ.)

تضارس, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) in the M تضرّس↓, (TA,) ‡ It (a building) was, or became, uneven, (Ṣ, M, A, Ḳ,) and irregular, (A,) having in it what resembled أَضْرَاس. (M.)

تضارسوا: see 3.

ضَرْسٌ † Land of which the herbage is here and there (IAạr, T, O, Ḳ, TA) and on which rain has fallen here and there: (IAạr, T, TA:) and a portion of land upon which rain has fallen a day or part of a day. (TA.)

See also ضِرْسٌ.

ضِرْسٌ A tooth: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) pl. أَضْرَاسٌ, and (sometimes, Ṣ, Mṣb) ضُرُوسٌ (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ) and أَضْرُسٌ [which is a pl. of pauc., as is also, properly, the first of the pls. here mentioned]; and quasi-pl. n. ضرس [written in the TA without any syll. signs, so that it may be ضَرْسٌ, or ضِرْسٌ (like the sing.), or ضَرَسٌ]; so in the M [of which I am unable to consult the portion containing this art.]: (TA:) or [a lateral tooth; for] the اضراس are the teeth, except the central incisors: (Mgh:) or [this explanation, which I find only in the Mgh, is incomplete, and the word sometimes means the teeth absolutely, but properly] the molar teeth, or grinders, which are twenty in number, [including the bicuspids,] next behind the canine teeth: (Zj, in his “Khalk el-Insán:”) or i. q. أَرْحَآءٌ: (Ṣ and Mṣb and Ḳ, art. رحى: [see سِنٌّ: and see also رَبَاعِيَةٌ:]) ضِرْسٌ is masc.; (Mgh, Ḳ;) and sometimes fem.: (Mgh:) or what is thus called is masc. when thus called; (Ṣ, Mṣb;) but if called سِنٌّ, it is fem.: (Mṣb:) or it is properly masc.; and if found in poetry made fem., سِنٌّ is meant thereby: (Zj, Mṣb:) but Aṣ denies its being made fem.; (Mṣb, TA;) and as to the saying ascribed to Dukeyn,

* فَفُقِئَتْ عَيْنٌ وَطَنَّتْ ضِرْسُ *

[And an eye was put out, and a tooth, or grinder, sounded], he says that the right reading is وَطَنَّ الضِّرْسُ [and the tooth, or grinder, sounded], and that he who heard these words understood them not. (TA.) What are called أَضْرَاسُ العَقْلِ and أَضْرَاسُ الحُلُم [The wisdom-teeth, and the teeth of puberty] are four: they come forth after the [other] teeth have become strong. (TA. [See نَاجِذٌ.])

[Hence,] sing. of ضُرُوسٌ (Ḳ) which signifies † The stones with which a well is cased. (Ṣ, O, Ḳ.)

And † A فِنْد [app. as meaning a peak, or the like,] in a mountain. (TA.)

And † A rough [hill, or eminence, or elevated place, such as is termed] أَكَمَة (T, O, Ḳ, TA) and [such as is termed] أَخْشَب: (T, TA:) or rough ground; written by Ṣgh ضَرْسٌ↓: (IAạr, TA:) or a portion of a [tract such as is termed] قُفّ, somewhat elevated, very rugged, rough to the tread, consisting of a single piece of stone [or rock], unmixed with clay, or soil, and not giving growth to anything: pl. ضُرُوسٌ. (TA.)

Also ‡ Light rain: (IAạr, TA:) or a rain little in quantity: (Ṣ, O:) or a light rain: pl. ضُرُوسٌ: (Ḳ:) or ضُرُوسٌ مِنْ مَطَرٍ means scattered rains: (Aṣ, TA:) or scattered showers of rain: (Ṣ, O:) and some say, i. q. جُدُر [app. a mistranscription, probably for خَدَرٌ, which signifies rain; or clouds, or mist, and rain]: and [it is. said that] ضِرْسٌ signifies also a raining cloud that has not [much] width. (TA.)

See also مُضَرَّسٌ, last sentence.

ضَرِسٌ A man having his teeth set on edge. (TA.)

And ‡ A man angry by reason of hunger; (AZ, Ḳ, TA;) because hunger sharpens the أَضْرَاس: (TA:) andضَرِيسٌ↓ signifies † very hungry; (Ḳ, TA;) so that there is nothing that comes to him but he eats it, by reason of hunger: (TA:) pl. of the latter ضَرَاسَى, like as حَزَانَى is a pl. of حَزِينٌ. (Ḳ.)

And ‡ A man (Ṣ, A, O) refractory, untractable, perverse, stubborn, or obstinate, in disposition: (Yz, Ṣ, A, O, Ḳ:) evil in disposition, or illnatured, and very perverse or cross or repugnant and averse; syn. شَرِسٌ. (Ḳ.) You say رَجُلٌ ضَرِسٌ شَرِسٌ. (Yz, Ṣ, A, O.) [See ضَرُوسٌ.]

See also مُضَرَّسٌ, last sentence.

ضِرْسَةٌ Ruggedness, and roughness. (TA.)

ضُرَاسٌ Toothache. (MA.)

ضِرَاسٌ [seems to signify, properly, A disposition to bite].

[Hence,] النَّاقَةُ بِجِنِّ ضِرَاسِهَا means † The she-camel is in the case of the recentness of her bringing forth, when she defends her young one; from the epithet ضَرُوسٌ; (Ṣ, Meyd, O; but in the Ṣ and O, هِىَ, referring to the she-camel, is put in the place of الناقة;) and is a prov., applied to the man whose nature is evil on the occasion of his defending. (Meyd.) And one says, اِتَّقِ النَّاقَةَ بِجِنِّ ضِرَاسِهَا, meaning ‡ Beware thou of the she-camel in the case of the recentness of her bringing forth, and of her evil disposition towards him who approaches her, by reason of her attachment to her young one. (A, TA.) [In the TA, in art. جن, this saying is mentioned with ضِرَامِهَا in the place of ضِرَاسِهَا: the former may perhaps be another reading; but I rather think that it is a mistranscription for the latter. And in the present art. in the TA, it is added that Ṣgh has mentioned (app. in the TṢ, for he has not done so in the O,) El-Báhilee's having explained الضِّرَاسُ as meaning سِيْمٌ لهم; and that it is likewise explained in the T as meaning سِيْمٌ: but I know no such word as سِيْمٌ; nor do I know any word of which it is likely to be a mistranscription, though I have diligently searched for such. This word سِيْمٌ has been altered by the copyist in each instance in the TA; so that it seems to have been indistinctly written by the author.]

[Hence also] ضِرَاسُ الحَرْبِ † The biting of war. (Ḥam p. 532.)

ضَرُوسٌ A she-camel of evil disposition, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) that bites her milker: (Ṣ, A, Ḳ:) or that has a habit of biting to defend her young one. (TA.)

[Hence,] حَرْبٌ ضَرُوسٌ ‡ Devouring, biting, war: (TA:) or vehement war. (Ḥam p. 87.)

And A she-camel whose flow, or stream, of milk does not make any sound to be heard. (TA.)

ضَرِيسٌ † Stones resembling أَضْرَاس [i. e. teeth or lateral teeth or molar teeth]: with such, a well is cased. (TA.)

And † The vertebræ of the back. (O, Ḳ.)

Also, andمَضْرُوسَةٌ↓, † A well (بِئْرٌ) cased with stones. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

See also ضَرِسٌ.

أَضْرَسُ an imitative sequent to أَخْرَسُ as an epithet applied to a man. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

مُضَرَّسٌ † A sort of figured cloth or garment, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) having upon it forms resembling أَضْرَاس [i. e. teeth or lateral teeth or molar teeth], (Ḳ,) or thought by IF to be thus called because having upon it such forms: (O:) or, applied as an epithet to [the kind of garments called] رَيْط, as meaning figured with the marks of folding: or meaning folded in a square form: or, as some say, مُضَرَّسَةٌ signifies a sort of cloths, or garments, upon which are lines and ornamental borders. (TA.)

And † An arrow that is not smooth, or even; because it has in it what resemble أَضْرَاس. (TA.)

And حرَّةٌ مُضَرَّسَةٌ andمَضْرُوسَةٌ↓ † [A stony tract] in which are stones like the أَضْرَاس of dogs. (AʼObeyd, Ṣ, Ḳ.)

Also ‡ A man who has been tried, or proved, or tried and strengthened, by experience; (A, TA;) whom trials have befallen, as though he had been bitten thereby: (TA:) who has been tried, or proved, and rendered expert, or strong, by wars, (Ṣ, A,) and by affairs, or calamities: (A:) like مُنَجَّذٌ from نَاجِذٌ: (A, TA:) or who has become experienced in affairs: (AA, Ṣ:) one who has travelled, and become experienced in affairs, and fought; as alsoضِرْسٌ↓ andضَرِسٌ↓. (TA.)

المُضَرِّسُ The lion, that chews the flesh of his prey without swallowing it: (O, Ḳ:) or the lion; so called because he does thus. (TA.)