Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

ضَرَعَ, said of a lamb or kid, He took [with his mouth] the ضَرْع [meaning dug] of his mother. (TA.) [This seems to be regarded by some as the primary signification.]

And (TA) the same, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) said of a man, (Ṣ,) aor. ـَ {يَضْرَعُ}; (Mṣb, Ḳ;) and ضَرِعَ, aor. ـَ {يَضْرَعُ} and ضَرُعَ, aor. ـُ {يَضْرُعُ}; (Ḳ;) inf. n. (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ) of the first (Ṣ, Mṣb, TA) and of the third (TA) ضَرَاعَةٌ, (Ṣ Mṣb, Ḳ,) and (Ḳ) of the second (TA) ضَرَعٌ; (Ḳ;) He was, or became, lowly, humble, or submissive; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) and low, abject, or abased; (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ;) إِلَيْهِ (Ḳ) and لَهُ [to him]: (TA:) or ضَرِعَ and ضَرَعَ signify he lowered, humbled, or abased, himself, (Ḳ,* TA,) [like تضرّع, which is more commonly used in this sense,] and made petition for a gift: (TA:) and ضَرُعَ, (Mṣb, Ḳ, TA,) inf. n. ضَرَعٌ, (Mṣb,) or ضَرَاعَةٌ, (TA,) he was, or became, weak; (Ḳ, TA;) and it is said that the verb in this last sense is from ضَرَعَ in the sense expl. in the first sentence: so in the “Mufradát” [of Er-Rághib]: ضَرِعَ, likewise, like فَرِحَ [in measure], signifies he was, or became, weak in body, slender, spare, or light of flesh: and ضُرُوعٌ, [app. as an inf. n. of which the verb is ضَرَعَ,] the being lean, or emaciated. (TA.) For another explanation of ضَرَاعَةٌ, see 5.

[ضَرَعَ is made trans. by means of ب:] one says, ضَرَعَ بِهِ فَرَسُهُ His horse humbled him, or abased him: (O, Ḳ, TA:) or, as in the L, overcame him. (TA.)

ضَرَعَ مِنْهُ, said of an animal of prey, (IḲṭṭ, Ḳ, TA,) inf. n. ضُرُوعٌ, (Ḳ,) He approached (IḲṭṭ, Ḳ, TA) him i. e. a man, (IḲṭṭ, TA,) or it i. e. a thing. (Ḳ.)

See also the next paragraph {2}.

تَضْرِيعٌ signifies The drawing near, or approaching, by little and little, in a deceitful, or guileful, manner, going this way and that, or to the right and left; (Ibn-ʼAbbád, O, Ḳ;) as alsoتَضَرُّعٌ↓: (Ḳ:) you say ضَرَّعَ and تَضَرَّعَ. (O, TA.)

And ضَرَّعَتِ الشَّمْسُ, (Ḳ,) inf. n. as above, (Ṣ, O,) ‡ The sun approached the setting; (Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) [like ضجّعت;] andضَرَعَت↓ signifies the same; [like ضَجَعَت;] or the sun set; (Ḳ;) andضَارِعَتِ↓ الشَّمْسُ, inf. n. مُضَارَعَةٌ, signifies the same as ضَرَعَت and ضرّعت. (TA.)

And ضَرَّعَتِ القِدْرُ i. q. حَانَ أَنْ تُدْرِكَ [i. e. The cookingpot approached, or attained, to the time of the cooking of its contents; and so, app., ضارعت↓, accord. to the TA, but the passage in which this is there indicated presents an obvious mistranscription]. (Ṣ, O, Ḳ, TA. [In the CK, تُدْرَكَ is erroneously put for تُدْرِكَ.])

And ضَرَّعَ الرُّبُّ [app. means The rob, or inspissated juice, became nearly mature; or] the expressed juice was cooked, but its cooking was not complete. (O, Ḳ,* TA. [In the CK, الرُّبَّ is erroneously put for الرُّبُّ, and طَبَخ for طُبِخَ, and يُتِمَّ طَبْخَهُ for يَتِمَّ طَبْخُهُ.])

مُضَارِعَةٌ is syn. with مُشَابَهَةٌ: (Ṣ, O, Mṣb:) accord. to Er-Rághib, its primary meaning is The sharing [in a thing, or particularly in the ضَرْع, or udder], like مُرَاضَعَةٌ, which is the “sharing in sucking.” (TA.) You say ضارعهُ He, or it, resembled him, or it; was, or became like him, or it. (Ḳ, TA.) And بَيْنَهُمَا مُرَاضَعَةُ الكَاسِ وَمُضَارَعَةُ الأَجْنَاسِ [Between them two are the sipping of the wine-cup, and the resemblance of kinds; or compotation and congeniality]: said in the A to be from الضَّرْعُ. (TA.) [See also an ex. voce تَحَلَّجَ.]

Also i. q. مُقَارَبَةٌ [meaning The approaching a thing]. (TA.) See 2, in two places.

اضرعت, said of a ewe or she-goat, Her milk descended [into her udder, i. e. she secreted milk in her udder, as is shown in the lexicons in many places, (see for instance, أَرَدَّتْ, and رِدَّةٌ,)] a little before her bringing forth: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) and [in like manner] said of a she-camel, her milk descended from (مِنْ [a mistranscription for فِى i. e. into]) her udder near the time of bringing forth; and the epithet applied to her is مُضْرِعٌ↓ [without ة]: or, as in the A, said of a she-camel and of a cow, her udder (ضَرْعُهَا) became prominent before bringing forth: (TA:) or, said of a ewe or she-goat, she showed herself to be pregnant, and became large in her udder. (T in art. رمد.) And أَضْرَعَتْ عَلَى رَأْسِ الوَلَدِ [She secreted milk, or became large, in the udder, at the time of bringing forth, or when about to produce the young, like as one says كَانَ ذٰلِكَ عَلَى رَأْسِ فُلَانٍ expl. in art. رأس], said of a ewe or goat. (Ṣ in arts. رمد and ربق [in both of which the meaning is clearly shown] and in art. دفع [in which last see several sentences].)

[Hence, app.,] أَضْرَعْتُ لَهُ مَالِى † I gave him liberally, unsparingly, or freely, my property. (O, Ḳ.*)

And اضرعهُ signifies also He, or it, lowered, humbled, or abased, him. (Ṣ, O, Ḳ.) Thus, in a trad. of ʼAlee, أَضْرَعَ ٱللّٰهُ خُدُودَكُمْ May God lower, or humble, or abase, your cheeks. (TA.) One says also, كَانَ مَزْهُوًّا فَأَضْرَعَهُ الفَقْرُ [He was proud, haughty, or insolent, and poverty lowered, or humbled, or abased, him]. (TA.) And it is said in a prov., الحُمَّى أَضْرَعَتْنِى لَكَ, (Ṣ, Meyd, A, O,) or لِلنَّوْمِ, (Meyd, O, Ḳ,) accord. to different relations, (Meyd, O,) [meaning The fever abased me to thee, or to sleep;] asserted by El-Mufaddal to have been first said by a certain man named Mureyr, to a Jinnee by whom he was carried off while sleeping under the influence of fever, after he had been making a fruitless search after his two brothers, Murárah and Murrah, who had also been carried off by Jinn: [his story is related at length in the O and TA, as well as by Meyd.; and is given in Ḥar p. 568, and in Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. pp. 364-5:] the prov. is applied to the case of abasement on the occasion of need. (Meyd, O, TA.)

One says also, اضرعهُ إِلَيْهِ He, or it, constrained him to have recourse to him, or it. (TA.)

And اضرعهُ الحُبُّ Love rendered him lean, or emaciated. (TA.)

تضرّع He lowered, humbled, or abased, himself: (O, Ḳ, TA:) or he addressed himself with earnest, or energetic, supplication: (TA:) syn. اِبْتَهَلَ, to God (إِلَى ٱللّٰهِ): (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) or he manifested ضَرَاعَة↓ i. e. severe poverty, (O, TA:) and want, (TA,) to God: (O, TA:) or i. q. تَعَرَّضَ بِطَلَبِ الحَاجَةِ, (Ḳ, TA,) or يَطْلُبُ الحَاجَةَ; (CK;) you say, جَآءَ فُلَانٌ يَتَضَرَّعُ and يَتَعَرَّضُ i. e. Such a one came asking, or petitioning, to another for a thing that he wanted. (Fr, Ṣ, O.) [See also تَصَرَّعَ.]

Also He writhed; and asked, or called, for aid, or succour. (TA.)

And, said of the shade, ‡ It contracted, shrank, or decreased; or it went away; syn. قَلَصَ: (Ibn-ʼAbbád, O, Ḳ, TA:) and تَصَرَّعَ is a dial. var. thereof.

See also 2.

ضَرْعٌ a word of well-known meaning; (TA;) [properly and generally, the udder, but sometimes applied to the dug, or teat:] the ضَرْع is of every female that has a cloven hoof, or of the she-camel: (Ṣ, O:) [i. e.] of each of these: (Ḳ:) or [of the former only; i. e.] of the sheep or goat and of the cow and the like; that of the camel being termed خِلْفٌ: (Lth, O, Ḳ:) it is, to the clovenhoofed female, like the ثَدْى to the woman: (Mṣb:) or, to cattle, like the ثَدْى to the woman: (Towsheeh, TA:) accord. to the IF, it is of the sheep or goat and of other animals: accord. to IDrd, of the sheep or goat [only]: AZ says, it comprises the أَطْبَآء, which are the أَخْلَاف, and in which are the أَحَالِيل, which are the orifices for the passing forth of the milk: (O:) the pl. is ضُرُوعٌ. (O, Mṣb, Ḳ.) مَا لَهُ زَرْعٌ وَلَا ضَرْعٌ [lit. He has not seed-produce nor an udder] means ‡ he has not anything: (TA:) or it means he has not land to sow, nor ewe or she-goat or she-camel or other animal having a ضَرْع. (O.)

See also the next paragraph, in two places.

ضِرْعٌ A like; a similar person or thing; (IAạr, O, Ḳ;) as alsoضَرْعٌ↓: (IAạr, TA in art. صرع:) and so صِرْعٌ (O, TA) and صَرْعٌ. (O and Ḳ and TA in art. صرع.)

And A sort, or species: and a state, condition, or manner of being: of a thing: as alsoضَرْعٌ↓: and so صِرْعٌ and صَرْعٌ. (TA in art. صرع.)

And A strand of a rope: (O, Ḳ:) and so صِرْعٌ: (O:) pl. ضُرُوعٌ. (O, Ḳ: and the CK adds أَضْرُعٌ.)

ضَرَعٌ Lowly, humble, submissive, or in a state of abasement; [originally an inf. n., and therefore, as an epithet,] applied to a single person and to a pl. number: (O:) andضَارِعٌ↓ signifies the same, applied to a single person; (O, Mṣb;) as alsoمُسْتَضْرِعٌ↓, (Ḳ,*TA:) accord. To Lth, one says, خَدُّكَ ضَارِعٌ↓, (O,) andأَضْرَعُ↓, which signifies the same, (Ḥam p. 344,) andجَنْبُكَ ضَارِعٌ↓, [meaning, as is implied in the O, Thy cheek is lowly, &c., and so thy side, and the like is said in the Ḥam p. 590,] andأَنْتَ ضَارِعٌ↓ [Thou art lowly, &c.]: (O:) and the pl. of ضَارِعٌ is ضَرَعَةٌ and ضُرُوعٌ: (TA:) orضَارِعٌ↓ signifies, and soضَرِعٌ↓, and [in an intensive sense] ضَرُوعٌ↓ andضَرَعَةٌ↓, lowering, humbling, or abasing, himself: (Ḳ:) or thus, and making petition for a gift: (TA:) and ضَرَعٌ signifies weak; (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ:) as alsoضَرِعٌ↓; (Ḳ;) the former (Mṣb, Ḳ) originally an inf. n. (Mṣb) [and therefore, as an epithet,] applied to a single person and to a pl. number: (Ḳ:) and ضَرَعٌ andضَارِعٌ↓ small; applied to anything: or small in age, weak, (Ḳ, TA,) and lean, spare, or light of flesh: (TA:) andضَارِعُ↓ الجِسْمِ, (Ṣ,) andضَرِعٌ↓, (TA,) lean, spare, or light of flesh, and weak, in the body; (Ṣ, TA;) applied to a man: (Ṣ:) and ضَرَعٌ applied to a colt, not having strength to run, (Ḳ, TA,) by reason of the smallness of his age. (TA.) Also † Cowardly, or weak-hearted: you say, هُوَ وَرَعٌ ضَرَعٌ [both app. meaning the same]. (TA.) And, applied to a man, ‡ Inexperienced in affairs; ignorant; or in whom is no profit nor judgment; syn. غُمْرٌ. (TA.)

ضَرَعَةٌ: see ضَرَعٌ.

It is also a pl. of ضَارِعٌ [as mentioned above, voce ضَرَعٌ]. (TA.)

سُبَبَةٌ ضُرَعَةٌ occurs in a trad. as meaning A reviler of men, who becomes like them and equal to them. (TA.)

ضُرُوعٌ pl. of ضَرْعٌ [q. v.]. (O, Mṣb, Ḳ.)

Also A species of grape, (AḤn, O, Ḳ.) growing in the Saráh (السَّرَاة), (AḤn, O,) white, large in the berries, (AḤn, O, Ḳ,) having little juice, great in the bunches, like the sort of raisins called طَائِفِىّ. (O.)

It is also a pl. of ضَارِعٌ [as mentioned above, voce ضَرَعٌ]. (TA.)

ضَرِيعٌ and ضَرِيعَةٌ (IF, Ṣ O, Ḳ) andضَرْعَآءُ↓, (O, Ḳ,) applied to a ewe or she-goat, Large in the ضَرْع [or udder]; (IF, Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) and in like manner applied to a woman: (Ḳ:) or↓ the last is applied to a woman as meaning large in the breasts, and in like manner to a ewe or she-goat: (IDrd, TA:) or, accord. to the L, the second and↓ third, as first expl. above, are applied to a ewe or she-goat, and to a camel; and the first is applied to a ewe or she-goat, as meaning goodly in the ضَرْع. (TA.)

Also, the first of these words, (O, Ḳ;) mentioned in the Ḳur lxxxviii. 6, (O,) i. q. شِبْرِقٌ; (O, Ḳ;) which is A bad sort of pasture, upon which the pasturing cattle do not make (لَا تَعْقِدُ) fat nor flesh, and which renders them in a bad condition if they do not quit it and betake themselves to other pasture; (AḤn, O;) or, accord. to IAth, the شبرق is a certain plant in El-Ḥijáz, having large thorns: (TA:) or, the plant called شِبْرِق that is dried up; (Fr, Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) شبرق being its appellation when it is in its fresh state; (Fr, Ḳ, TA;) the people of El-Ḥijáz call it ضريع in its dry state; (Fr, TA;) and it is [said to be] a plant which the beast will not approach, because of its bad quality: (Ḳ:) and (Ḳ) what is dry of any tree; (Ibn-ʼAbbád, O, Ḳ;) accord. to some, peculiarly, of the عَرْفَج and خُلَّة; (TA;) or [any] dry herbage: (TA in art. بحت:) and, (Ḳ,) accord. to Lth, (O,) a certain plant in water that has become altered for the worse by long standing or the like, having roots that reach not to the ground: (O, Ḳ:) or a certain thing in Hell, more bitter than aloes, and more stinking than the carcass, and hotter than fire; (Ḳ, TA;) the food of the inmates of Hell; but this was unknown to the [pagan] Arabs: (TA:) and, (Ḳ,) as some say, (O,) a certain plant, (Ḳ, O,) green, (O,) thus in the L, but in the “Mufradát” red, (TA,) of fetid odour, cast up by the sea, (O, Ḳ,) light, and hollow: (TA:) and, (Ḳ,) accord. to Abu-l-Jowzà, (O,) the prickles of the palm-tree: (O, Ḳ:) and, (Ḳ,) accord. to IAạr, (O,) the [thorny tree called] عَوْسَج, in its fresh state. (O, Ḳ.)

Also Wine: or thin wine: (Ḳ:) or thin beverage. (Ibn-ʼAbbád, O, Ḳ.)

And the skin that is upon the bone, beneath the flesh (Lth, O, Ḳ) of the rib: (Lth, O:) or the integument upon it. (TA.)

ضَارِعٌ: see ضَرَعٌ, in seven places.

نُجُومٌ ضَوَارِعُ mean ‡ Stars inclining to setting, or to the places of setting. (A and TA in art. خضع.)

مُضْرِعٌ an epithet applied to a she-camel [and app. to a ewe or she-goat]: see 4.

[مُضَرِّعٌ part. n. of the intrans. verb ضَرَّعَ.]

[In the TA, voce كَثْءٌ, مصرع, which is evidently a mistranscription for مُضَرِّعٌ, is expl. as an epithet applied to a preparation of أَقِط (q. v.) as meaning Such as has become thick, or coagulated, and almost thoroughly cooked: on the authority of AḤát.]

المُضَارِعُ [as a conventional term of grammar] The future tense; [or rather the aorist; for it is properly the present, and tropically the future:] so called because it resembles nouns in admitting the desinential syntactical signs. (TA.)