Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

طَحَنَ البُرَّ, aor. ـَ {يَطْحَنُ}, inf. n. طَحْنٌ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) said of a man, (Ṣ,) He ground the wheat; i. e. he made the wheat into دَقِيق [i. e. flour]; and so [but app. in an intensive sense] طحّنهُ↓. (Ḳ.)

[Hence] one says, طَحَنَهُمْ فَأَهْلَكَهُمْ † [He crushed them and destroyed them]. (T and M and Ḳ in art. دم.) And حَرْبٌ تَطْحَنُ كُلَّ شَىْءٍ † [A war that crushes every thing]. (TA. [See also طَحُونٌ.]) And طَحَنَتْهُمُ المَنُونُ † [Time, or death, reduced them to dust]. (TA.)

And one says also, طَحَنَتِ الرَّحَى [The mill-stone ground; or revolved]. (Ṣ.)

And [hence,] طَحَنَتِ الأَفْعَى The viper turned round about; or coiled itself. (Ṣ, Ḳ.*)

طِحْنٌ Flour; (Ṣ, MA, Ḳ;) as alsoطَحِينٌ↓: (MA:) or ground wheat and the like; [or meal;] and sometimes the inf. n., طَحْنٌ↓, is used in this sense. (Mṣb.) Hence the prov., أَسْمَعُ جَعْجَعَةً وَلَا أَرَى طِحْنًا [I hear a sound of the mill, or mill-stone, but I see not flour]. (Ḳ.)

طُحَنٌ A certain small creeping thing, (دُوَيْبَّةٌ, Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) in form like [the species of lizard, or reptile, called] أُمّ حُبَيْن, [see art. حبن,] but more slender (أَلْطَفُ) than this latter, that raises its tail like as does the pregnant camel, and, when bidden to grind, by the children of the Arabs of the desert, grinds with itself the ground until it becomes concealed in the soft soil; and one never sees it but in a tract of ground such as is termed بَلُّوقَة: Az says that طُحَنَةٌ↓ signifies a certain small creeping thing (دويبّة) like the [beetle called] جُعَل; and that طُحَنٌ is the pl.: [but, properly speaking, the latter is a coll. gen. n., and the former is the n. un.:] Aṣ says that it is [a creature] smaller than the hedge-hog, that comes into existence in the sands, appearing sometimes, and turning round as though grinding, and then diving [into the sand]: (TA: [see also عَوَانَةٌ:]) and, (Ḳ,) accord. to Aboo-Kheyreh, (TA,) the طُحَن is what is called لَيْثُ عِفِرِّينَ [q. v. in art. عفر], (Ḳ, TA, in the CK لَيْثُ عِفْرِينَ,) resembling the pistachio-nut, in colour like the dust, that buries itself in the earth. (TA.)

[Hence, app.,] Short: (Ḳ:) [or] accord. to Zj, طُحَنَةٌ↓ signifies short, having in him لُوثَة [app. meaning stupidity, or the like]; and IB says that he who is tall, having in him لوثة, is termed عُسْقُدٌ: (TA:) accord. to IAạr, short in the utmost degree: (Az, TA:) accord. to IKh, the shortest of the short; and the tallest of the tall is termed سَمَرْ طُولٌ. (TA.)

طَحُونٌ † A war (حَرْبٌ) that crushes (تَطْحَنُ) everything. (TA.) And [hence] الطَّحُونُ is a name for † War. (Az, Ḳ,* TA.)

And [hence also] ‡ A كَتِيبَة [or troop] that crushes (تَطْحَنُ) what it meets: (Ṣ, TA:) or a great كَتِيبَة: (Ḳ:) or a كتيبة of horsemen, mighty, or valorous, and numerous. (TA.)

And † Numerous camels; as alsoطَحَّانَةٌ↓: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) or both signify camels when they are [many, and are] such as are termed رِفَاق, and have their owners with them; (TA;) as also رَطُونٌ and رَطَّانَةٌ: (Aṣ, TA in art. رطن, q. v.:) and the former, about three hundred sheep or goats; (Ḳ;) accord. to Lḥ; but ISd says, I know not any other who has mentioned the طحون of sheep or goats. (TA.)

طَحِينٌ andمَطْحُونٌ↓ (Mṣb, TA) andمُطَحَّنٌ↓ (TA) Ground wheat (Mṣb, TA) and the like thereof. (Mṣb.)

For the first, see also طِحْنٌ.

طِحَانَةٌ The craft, or occupation, of the طَحَّان [or miller]. (Ḳ.)

طَحِينَةٌ The dregs of the oil of sesame. (TA.)

طَحَّانٌ [meaning A miller, or grinder of wheat and the like,] is thus, perfectly decl., if you do not derive it from الطَّحُّ: (Ḳ, TA:) i. e. طَحَّان, if you derive it from الطَّحْنُ, is perfectly decl.; but if you derive it from الطَّحُّ, or from الطَّحَا which signifies “the expanded tract of land,” it is imperfectly decl.: (Ṣ, TA:) if from الطَّحُّ, it is of the measure فَعْلَانُ, not فَعَّالٌ; and if from الطَّحَا, it would be by rule طَحْوَانُ. (IB, TA.)

طَاحِنٌ The bull, of those that tread the wheat, that stands [الَّذِى يَقُومُ, for which الَّّتِى تَقُومُ is erroneously put in the Ḳ and TA,] in the middle of the heap thereof and around which the other bulls turn: (Ḳ, TA:) mentioned by En-Naḍr, on the authority of El-Jaadee. (TA.)

[طَيْحَنٌ, mentioned by Freytag as meaning A frying-pan (“sartago”), is evidently a mistranscription, for طَيْجَنٌ.]

طَاحِنَةٌ, (Mṣb, TA,) in which the ة is added to give intensiveness to the signification, (Mṣb,) [or to convert the epithet طَاحِنٌ into a subst.,] sing. of طَوَاحِنُ, (Mṣb, TA,) which signifies † The أَضْرَاس [as meaning the molar teeth, or grinders,] (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ, TA) of a man and of others; as being likened to a mill. (TA.)

طَاحُونَةٌ A mill: (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ:) [also called in the present day طَاحُونٌ↓: and the same meaning is assigned by Golius and Freytag, by the latter as on the authority of the Ḳ, (in which I do not find it,) to مِطْحَنَةٌ↓, pl. مَطَاحِنُ; and by Golius to مِطْحَانٌ↓ likewise:] or a mill that is turned by water; (Lth, MA, Mgh;) as alsoطَحَّانَةٌ↓: (Lth, Mgh, TA:) or this signifies a mill that is turned by a beast [as طاحونة and طاحون do in the present day]: (MA, Mgh:) pl. of the first طَوَاحِينُ. (Mṣb, TA.)

[مَطْحَنَةٌ is said by Golius, as on the authority of the KL, (in which however I do not find it,) to signify A place where grinding is performed.]

مِطْحَانٌ A viper turning round about; or coiling itself. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) A poet says,

* بِخَرْسَآءَ مِطْحَانٍ كَأَنَّ فَحِيحَهَا *

* إِذَا فَزِعَتْ مَآءٌ هُرِيقَ عَلَى جَمْرِ *

[With a coiling viper, as though its hissing, when it is frightened, were the sound of water poured upon live coals]. (Ṣ, TA.)

See also طَاحُونَةٌ.

مَطْحُونٌ: see طَحِينٌ.

Also ‡ Milk: so called as being likened to corn ready-ground, and fit for food. (L in art. مسد.)