Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

عَتڤمَ The primary signification of the inf. n. عَتْمٌ in the [genuine] language of the Arabs is that of Tarrying [or delaying]: and of withholding, or restricting, or limiting, oneself. (TA.) See 2, in three places. [Hence,] one says, غَرَسْتُ الوَدِىَّ فَمَا عَتَمَ مِنْهَا شَىْءٌ i. e. [I planted the shoots of palm-trees,] and not any of them was slow or tardy [in its growth]. (Ṣ.) And عَتَمَتْ حَاجَتُهُ The object of his want was, or became, slow or tardy [of accomplishment]; as alsoأَعْتَمَتْ↓. (TA.)

عَتَمَ اللَّيْلُ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) aor. ـِ {يَعْتِمُ}, (Ṣ, TA,) inf. n. عَتْمٌ, (TA,) The night was, or became, dark, in the period termed عَتَمَة: (Ṣ:) or a portion of the night passed; as alsoاعتم↓: (Ḳ:) the latter mentioned by IAạr. (TA.)

And عَتَمَتِ الإِبِلُ, aor. ـِ {يَعْتِمُ} and ـُ {يَعْتُمُ}, The camels were milked at nightfall [i. e. at the commencement of the عَتَمَة]; as alsoأَعْتَمَت↓ andاستعتمت↓. (Ḳ.)

See also 4.

تَعْتِيمٌ andعَتْمٌ↓ signify The being slow, or tardy. (Ṣ.) You say, عتّم قِرَاهُ andعَتَمَ↓ His entertainment for his guest, or guests, was, or became, slow, or tardy; syn. أَبْطَأَ [not أَبْطَأَ بِهِ]: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) and he delayed it: (TA: [but this, though virtually a correct rendering, is app. not so literally:]) andاعتم↓ likewise has the former meaning: (Ḳ:) orاعتم↓ قِرَى الضَيْفِ signifies he delayed the entertainment of the guest. (Ṣ.) And مَا عَتَّمَ أَنْ فَعَلَ كَذَا He delayed not, or was not slow, to do, or in doing, such a thing. (Ṣ, Ḳ.*) Andاعتم↓ حَاجَتَهُ He delayed [the accomplishment of] the object of his want. (TA.)

And عتّم عَنْهُ He refrained, forbore, abstained, or desisted, from it, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) namely, an affair, (Ṣ,) after having made progress therein; as alsoاعتم↓; andعَتَمَ↓, aor. ـِ {يَعْتِمُ}, (Ḳ, TA,) inf. n. عَتْمٌ: (TA:) or this last signifies he withheld himself from doing it, meaning, a thing that he desired: (Ḳ:) andاعتم↓ signifies he delayed to do it. (TA.) And [hence] one says, ضَرَبَهُ فَمَا عَتَّمَ, (Ṣ,) and حَمَلَ عَلَيْهِ فَمَ عَتَّمَ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) i. e. [He beat him, and he attacked him,] and did not withhold, or restrict, or limit, himself, in beating him, [and in attacking him,] (Ṣ,) or and did not recede, or draw back, or desist: (Ḳ, TA:) the vulgar say, ضَرَبَهُ فَمَا عَتَّبَ. (Ṣ.)

See also 4.

see 2, in five places: and see also 1, in three places.

اعتم (Ṣ, Mṣb) from العَتَمَةُ (Ṣ) is like أَصْبَحَ from الصُّبْحُ; (Ṣ, Mṣb;*) i. e. it signifies He entered upon the period termed عَتَمَة; (Mṣb;) as alsoعَتَمَ↓, inf. n. عَتْمٌ↓: (TA:) or he journeyed in that period; (Ḳ, TA;) and soعتّم↓: (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA:) or both signify he became in the period: (TA:) or he brought [his camels] to the watering-place and [in the CK “or”] he brought [them] back therefrom in that period; (Ḳ, TA;) and did any kind of work or action [therein]. (TA.)

[اِعْتَتَمَتِ الإِبِلُ, accord. to Golius, (whom Freytag has followed in this instance,) signifies the same as اِسْتَعْتَمَت, as on the authority of the Ḳ, in which I do not find it. He probably found the former verb thus written erroneously for أَعْتَمَت in this sense, which he has not mentioned.]

استعتمهُ He deemed him, or reckoned him, slow, or tardy. (Z, TA.)

اِسْتَعْتِمُوا نَعَمَكُمْ حَتَّى تُفِيقَ means Delay ye the milking of your camels, or cattle, until the milk shall have collected: (Ḳ, TA:) for they used to bring back their camels a little after sunset to their nightly resting-place, and make them to lie down there a while, until, when their milk had collected, after a portion of the night had passed, they roused them and milked them. (TA.)

استعتمت الإِبِلُ: see 1.

عُتْمٌ andعُتُمٌ↓ (Ṣ, Ḳ, but only the former in some copies of the Ṣ,) The wild olive-tree: (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA:) or such as does not bear anything: or such as grows in the mountains: written by IAth عَتَمٌ↓, and expl. by him as the olive-tree: or a species of tree resembling it, growing in the Saráh (السَّرَاة). (TA.)

عَتَمَةٌ Slowness, or tardiness: (IB, TA:) hence the saying of a rájiz,

* طَيْفٌ أَلَمْ *

* بِذِى سَلَمْ *

*يَسْرِى عَتَمْ↓ *

* بَيْنَ الخَيَمْ *

meaning يَسْرِى بَطِيْئًا, [i. e. A phantom visited (أَلَمْ being for أَلَمَّ) in Dhoo-Selem, journeying by night slowly amid the tents,] the ة of عَتَمَة [i. e. عَتَمَةً] being elided. (TA. [But عَتَمٌ is also mentioned in the TA, in the beginning of this art., not as being originally عَتَمَةٌ, but simply as a subst. in the sense expl. above.])

[Also, in its most usual sense,] The first third of the night, after the disappearance of the شَفَق [or redness that is seen in the sky after sunset]; (Kh, Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ;) the first part of the night, after the setting of the light of the شَفَق: (Mṣb:) or the time of the prayer of nightfall: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) but the calling of that prayer the prayer of the عَتَمَة, as the Arabs of the desert called it, instead of calling it the prayer of the عِشَآء, is said to be forbidden in a trad. (TA.)

عَتَمَةُ رُبَعٍ [The عتمة of a young camel brought forth in the رَبِيع, which is the beginning of the breeding-time], (Ṣ, Ḳ,) meaning the space during which it (i. e. the رُبَع) is confined at its evening-feed, (Ḳ,) is applied to the moonlight of the night when the moon is four nights old. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) AZ says, The Arabs say in relation to the moon when it is one night old, عَتَمَةُ سُخَيْلَةٍ حَلَّ أَهْلُهَا بِرُمَيْلَةٍ [The عتمة of a little lamb or kid, the owners of which have alighted in a small tract of sand]; meaning that it does not long continue; like the lamb, or kid, that sucks its mother and soon returns to the sucking: and when it is two nights old, حَدِيثُ أَمَتَيْنِ بِكَذِبٍ وَمَيْنٍ [The discourse of two female slaves, with lying and falsehood]; because their discourse is not long, by reason of their being busied with the serving of their owners: and when it is three nights old, حَدِيثُ فَتَيَاتٍ غَيْرِ مُؤْتَلِفَاتٍ [The discourse of young women not united by affection]: and when it is four nights old, عَتَمَةُ رُبَعٍ غَيْرِ جَائِعٍ وَلَا مُرْضَعٍ [The عتمة of a ربع (expl. above) not hungry nor suckled]; meaning that it is limited to the space of the فُوَاق [or time between two suckings] of this ربع or of the فواق [or time between two milkings] of its mother; or, as IAạr says, عَتَمَةُ أُمِّ الرُّبَعِ [The عتمة of the mother of the ربع]: and when it is five nights old, حَدِيثٌ وَأُنْسٌ وَبَقَآءُ عَشَآءِ خَلِفَاتٍ قُعْسٍ [Discourse and sociableness, and the continuance of the evening-feed of pregnant camels having their heads and necks inclining towards their backs: see also art. قعس]: and when it is six nights old, يَسْرٌ وَبَتٌّ [app. A twisting and a grinding by a turning towards the left and from the left; as though meaning that it is a time fit for active employment]: and when it is seven nights old, دُلْجَةُ الضَّبُعِ [The night-journeying of the hyena]: and when it is eight nights old, قَمَرٌ إِضْحِيَانٌ [A bright moon]: and when it is nine nights old, يُلْقَطُ فِيهِ الجَزْعُ [The onyx is picked up in it, being distinguishable by the light of the moon]: and when it is ten nights old, مُخَنِّقُ الفَجْرِ [lit. The choker of the dawn; as though its light were about to overtake, and grapple with, that of daybreak]. (TA.) [It should be observed that every one of these ten sayings is fancifully framed so as to rhyme, perfectly or imperfectly, with words preceding it: the first being preceded by اِبْنُ لَيْلَةٍ; the second, by اِبْنُ لَيْلَتَيْنِ; the third, by اِبْنُ ثَلَاثٍ; the fourth, by اِبْنُ أَرْبَعٍ; and so on.]

عَتَمَةٌ signifies also The darkness of the night: (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA:) or the darkness of the first part of the night, [after nightfall, i. e.] after the setting of the light of the شَفَق [or redness that is seen in the sky after sunset]: and the vulgar [sometimes] pronounce it عَتْمَة. (TA.)

And The remains of the milk that has collected in the udders of the camels, or of the camels and other cattle, at the period thus termed. (Ṣ, ISd, Ḳ.) One says, حَلَبْنَا عَتَمَةً [We milked some remains of what had collected in the udders, &c.]. (Ṣ, TA.) And حُلِبَتْ عَتَمَتُهَا The milk that was obtained from them at the period termed the عَتَمَة was drawn. (TA, from the trad. of Aboo-Dharr.) And قَعَدَ عِنْدَنَا فُلَانٌ قَدْرَ عَتَمَةِ الحَلَائِبِ i. e. [Such a one sat with us, or at our abode,] as long as the space during which the milch camels are confined for the purpose of the collecting of the milk in their udders. (TA.)

And The return of the camels from the place of pasturing after their entering upon evening. (ISd, Ḳ.)

عَتُومٌ A she-camel that does not yield her milk copiously except in the period termed عَتَمَة: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) or a she-camel abounding in milk, the milking of which is deferred to the latter, or last, part of the night: thus accord. to Az: and that is retarded in the milking; as alsoعَاتِمٌ↓; pl. عَوَاتِمُ: and عَتُومَةٌ, as mentioned by IB, on the authority of Th, a she-camel that yields a copious supply of milk. (TA.)

عَاتِمٌ Tardy, or late; entering upon, or coming in, the evening; applied to a guest; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) and to the entertainment for a guest, or guests: (Ṣ:) andمُعْتِمٌ↓, applied to a guest, signifies [the same, or] entering upon, or coming in, the evening; or, as some say, remaining, staying, dwelling, or abiding. (TA.) And one says, فُلَانٌ عَاتِمُ القِرَى Such a one is slow, or tardy, in respect of the entertainment for the guest, or guest: (TA:) and in like manner, [but in an intensive sense,]مِعْتَامُ↓ القِرَى. (Ḥar p. 579.) See also عَتُومٌ.

النُّجُومُ العَاتِمَاتُ means The stars that are dark by reason of a dusty hue in the air: (Ḳ:) such is the case in drought; for the stars of winter are more bright because of the clearness of the sky: but El-Aạshà applies it to the stars of winter. (TA.)

عَيْتُومٌ A camel slow in journeying. (Ḳ,* TA.) And A man bulky, big-bodied: (Ḳ,* TA:) but J mentions, on the authority of Aṣ, جَمَلٌ عَيْثُومٌ, [as meaning a great camel,] with ث. (TA.)