Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

عَرَشَ, aor. ـِ {يَعْرِشُ} and ـُ {يَعْرُشُ}, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) inf. n. عَرْشٌ, (Ṣ, O,) He constructed, or built, what is called an عَرِيش; (Ḳ;) as alsoاعرش↓; (Zj, Ḳ;) andعرّش↓, (Ḳ,) inf. n. تَعْرِيشٌ: (TA:) or he built a building of wood. (Ṣ, O.)

عَرَشَ البَيْتَ, (Ḳ,) aor. ـِ {يَعْرِشُ} and ـُ {يَعْرُشُ}, inf. n. عَرْشٌ and عُرُوشٌ, (TA,) He built the house, or the like. (Ḳ.)

عَرَشَ الكَرْمَ: see 2.

عَرَشَ البِئْرَ, (A, Ḳ,) aor. ـِ {يَعْرِشُ} and ـُ {يَعْرُشُ}, (Ḳ,) inf. n. عَرْشٌ, (Ṣ, A, O,) He cased the well with stones to the height of the stature of a man in the lowest part, and the rest of it with wood: (Ḳ:) or he cased the well with wood, after having cased the lowest part thereof with stones to the height of the stature of a man. (Ṣ, O.)

عَرَشَ فُلَانًا, (Ḳ, TA,) aor. ـِ {يَعْرِشُ}, inf. n. عَرْشٌ, (TA,) He struck such a one in the عُرْش, (Ḳ, TA,) i. e. base, (TA,) of his neck. (Ḳ, TA.)

عرّش, inf. n. تَعْرِيشٌ: see 1.

Also † He (a bird) rose, and shaded with his wings him who was beneath him. (TA.)

عرّش العَرْشَ He made the عَرْش [q. v.: or perhaps we should read العَرِيشَ]. (TA.)

عرّش البَيْتَ, (O, Ḳ,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He roofed the house, or the like; (O, Ḳ, TA;) and raised the building thereof. (TA.)

عرّش الكَرْمَ, (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. as above, (Ṣ, O, TA,) He made an عَرِيش for the grape-vine: (Mṣb:) or he raised the shoots of the grape-vine upon the pieces of wood [made to support them]; as alsoعَرَشَهُ↓, (Zj, O, Ḳ,) aor. ـِ {يَعْرِشُ} and ـُ {يَعْرُشُ}, inf. n. عَرْشٌ and عُرُوشٌ; (Ḳ;) or both signify he made an عَرْش for the grape-vine, and raised its shoots upon the pieces of wood; (TA;) andاعرشهُ↓ signifies the same as عرّشهُ: (Zj, O, TA:) or عرّشهُ signifies he bent the pieces of wood upon which its branches, or shoots, were trained. (TA.)

تَعَرَّشْنَا We pitched our tent, or tents. (A, TA.)

تعرّش بِالبَلَدِ He became fixed, settled, or established, in the country, or town. (AZ, O, Ḳ.)

اعترش He made, or took, for himself an عَرِيش. (O, Ḳ.)

اعترش العِنَبُ The grapes mounted (Ṣ, O, Ḳ) upon the عَرِيش, (O, Ḳ,) or, as in the Mufradát, upon their عريش, (TA,) or upon the عِرَاش [which may be a pl. of عَرِيشٌ, like عَرَائِشُ, or perhaps it is a mistranscription for this last word]: (Ṣ: so in two copies:) and in like manner, اعترش العِنَبُ العَرِيشَ: (L, TA: [expl. by عَلَاهُ عَلَى العِرَاشِ, which seems to be a mistake for عَلَا عَلَى العِرِيشِ:]) and اعترشت القُضْبَانُ عَلَى العَرِيشِ The branches, or shoots, mounted upon the عريش. (A, TA.)

عَرْشٌ A booth, or shed, or thing constructed for shade, (مِظَلَّةٌ,) mostly made of canes, or reeds; (Ḳ;) and sometimes, (TA,) made of palm-sticks, over which is thrown ثُمَام [a species of panic grass]; (Mgh, TA:) as described by Az, on the authority of the Arabs; (TA;) and such is meant by the عَرْش of Moses: (Mgh:) a thing resembling a house, or tent, made of palm-sticks, over which is put ثُمَام; as alsoعَرِيشٌ↓: (Mṣb:) a booth, or shed, syn. خَيْمَةٌ, (Ḳ, TA,) made of wood and ثمان; (TA;) as alsoعَرِيشٌ↓; (Ṣ, A,* O, Ḳ;) and such is meant by the عَرِيش↓ of Moses; (A;) and sometimes the عَرِيش↓ was made of palm-sticks, with ثُمَام thrown over them: (TA:) both signify a thing, (Ṣ, O,) or a house, or the like, (Ḳ,) used for shade: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) pl. of the former, عُرُوشٌ (ISd, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ) and عُرُشٌ and أَعْرَاشٌ [which is a pl. of pauc.] and عِرَشَةٌ: (Ḳ:) or عُرُشٌ is pl. ofعَرِيشٌ↓, (Ṣ, ISd, O, Mṣb,) not of عَرْشٌ: (ISd:) or it is also pl. ofعَرِيشٌ↓: (Ḳ:) and عُرُوشٌ is also a pl. ofعُرْشٌ↓, which is a pl. ofعَرِيشٌ↓. (L.) Hence The houses of Mekkeh, (Ṣ, A, Mgh, O, Mṣb,) in which the needy of its inhabitants dwelt, (Mgh,) or its ancient houses, (Ḳ,) were called العُرُوشُ, (Ṣ, A, Mgh, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) and العُرُشُ, (Ṣ, Mṣb,) andالعُرْشُ↓; (O, Ḳ;) because they were of poles, or sticks, set up, and shaded over: (Ṣ, O, Mṣb:) or Mekkeh itself was called العُرْشُ↓: (Az, O, L, Ḳ:) or it was called العَرْشُ, with fet-ḥ, andالعَرِيشُ↓: (Az, L, Ḳ:) and its houses were called العُرْشُ↓, and العُرُوشُ. (Ḳ.) And hence, (Ṣ, O, Mṣb,) the saying in a trad., (Ṣ, O,) i. e., the saying of Saạd, (Ḳ, TA,) when he heard that Mo'áwiyeh forbade the performing conjointly the greater and minor pilgrimages, (TA,) تَمَتَّعْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ ٱللّٰهِ صَلَّى ٱللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَفُلَانٌ كَافِرٌ بِالْعُرُشِ, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,*) or بِالْعُرُوشِ, (Ṣ, TA,) i. e., [We performed conjointly the greater and minor pilgrimages with the Apostle of God, (God bless and save him,)] when such a one, meaning Mo'áwiyeh, was abiding (O, L, Ḳ) in his state of unbelief, (L,) in Mekkeh; (L, Ḳ;) i. e. in the houses thereof: (O, L:) or, as some say, was hiding himself in the houses of Mekkeh. (L.)

A house [in an absolute sense]; a dwelling, or place of abode: (Kr, TA:) pl. عُرُشٌ (TA) [and عُرُوشٌ].

A [building of the kind called] قَصْر. (Ḳ.)

The wood upon which stands the drawer of water: (Ḳ:) or a structure of wood built at the head of the well, forming a shade: [pl. عُرُوشٌ:] when the props are pulled away, the عُرُوش fall down. (TA.) [عَرْشٌ in relation to a well has also another meaning; which see below.]

The wooden thing [or trellis] which serves for the propping of a grape-vine. (TA.) [But this is more commonly called عَرِيشٌ, q. v.]

The roof of a house or the like: (Ṣ, Mgh, O, Mṣb, Ḳ:) pl. عُرُوشٌ. (A.) So in a trad., where a lamp is mentioned as suspended to the عرش: (O, TA:) and in another, in which a man relates that he used, when upon his عرش, to hear the Prophet's reciting [of the Ḳur-án]. (TA.) And so it has been expl. as occurring in the phrase of the Ḳur [ii. 261 and xxii. 44], خَاوِيَةٌ عَلَى عُرُوشِهَا Having fallen down upon its roofs: meaning that its walls were standing when their roofs had become demolished and had fallen to the foundations, and the walls fell down upon the roofs demolished before them: (O, TA:) but some consider على as here meaning عَنْ [from]. (TA.)

[Hence, app.,] العَرْشُ is applied to The عَرْش of God, which is not definable: (A, Ḳ:) I’Ab is related to have said that the كُرْسِىّ is the place of the feet and the عَرْش is immeasurable: and it is said in the Mufradát of Er-Rághib that the عَرْش of God is one of the things which mankind know not in reality, but only by name; and it is not as the imaginations of the vulgar hold it to be; [namely, the throne of God;] for were it so, it would be a support to Him; not supported; whereas God saith [in the Ḳur., xxxv. 39], “Verily God holdeth the heavens and the earth, lest they should move from their place; and if they should move from their place, no one would hold them after Him:” or, as some say, it is the highest sphere; [or the empyrean;] and the كرسىّ is the sphere of the stars: and they adduce as an indication thereof the saying of Moḥammad, that the seven heavens and earths, by the side of the كرسىّ, are nought but as a ring thrown down in a desert land; and such is the كرسىّ with respect to the عَرْش: and this assertion is mentioned in the B, but without approval: (TA:) [it appears, however, to be most commonly accepted:] or a red sapphire, which glistens with the light of the Supreme. (A, Ḳ.) [Hence the saying,] مِنَ العَرْشِ إِلَى الفَرْشِ meaning, [From the highest sphere, or the empyrean, to] the earth. (A.)

Also The سَرِير [or throne] (Ṣ, A, O, Mṣb, Ḳ) of a king; (Ṣ, A, O, Ḳ;) the seat of a sultán; [perhaps as being likened to the عرش of God; or, more probably, from its being generally surmounted by a canopy; or] because of its height. (Er-Rághib.) [Hence,] the phrase اِسْتَوَى عَلَى عَرْشِهِ means He reigned as king. (A, TA.)

And [hence, also,] Certain stars in advance of السِّمَاك الأَعْزَل [which is Spica Virginis]; (TA;) [app. those meant by what here follows;] عَرْشُ السِّمَاكِ signifies four small stars [app. γ, δ, ε, and η, of Virgo, regarded as the seat of Bootes, the principal star of which is called السِّمَاكُ الرَّامِحُ, being described as] beneath العَوَّآء [which is a name of Bootes and also of the four stars mentioned above], and also called عَجُزُ الأَسَدِ [the rump of Leo, the figure of which was extended by the Arabs far beyond the limits which we assign to it]. (Ṣ, O, Ḳ.)

And عَرْشُ الجَوْزَآءِ [The seat of Orion; applied by our astronomers to α of Lepus; but described as] four stars, of which two are on the fore legs and two on the hind legs, of Lepus. (Ḳzw.)

And عَمْشُ الثَّرَيَّا Certain stars near الثُّرَيَّا [or the Pleiades]. (T, TA.)

عَرْشٌ also signifies The جَمَازَة; (O, Ḳ, TA;) i. e., the bier of a corpse. (O, TA.) And hence, as some say, the expression in a trad., اِهْتَزَّ العَرْشُ لِمَوْتِ سَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ, meaning The bier rejoiced [lit. shook] at the death of Saạd Ibn-Mo'ádh; i. e., at carrying him upon it to his place of burial: (O, Ḳ,* TA:) but there are other explanations, for which see art. هز. (TA.)

The wood with which a well is cased after it has been cased with stones (Ṣ, O, Ḳ) in its lowest part (Ṣ, O) to the height of the stature of a man: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) pl. عُرُوشٌ. (Ṣ, O.) [Another meaning of the same word in relation to a well has been mentioned before.]

† The nest of a bird, such as is built in a tree, (Ḳ,) [app. as being likened to a booth.]

The angle, or corner, or strongest side, syn. رُكْن, (Ks, Zj, Ḳ,) of a house, (Ks, Zj,) or [other] thing: (Ḳ:) pl. عُرُوشٌ. (Ks, Zj.) Accord. to some, the phrase in the Ḳur [ii. 261, mentioned above], خَاوِيَةٌ عَلَى عُرُوشِهَا, means Empty, and fallen to ruin upon its أَرْكَان [or angles,, &c.]. (Ks, Zj, O.)

[Hence,] ‡ The head, or chief, who is the manager or regulator of the affairs, of a people, or company of men: (Ḳ:) likened to the عَرْش of a house. (TA.)

[Hence also,] † The means of support of a thing, or an affair. (A, O, Ḳ.) Hence the saying, ثُلَّ عَرْشُهُ, (O, Ḳ,) meaning ‡ His means of support became taken away: (TA:) or he perished: (A:) or he was slain; as alsoثُلَّ عُرْشُهُ↓: (IDrd, in M, art. ثل:) or his might, or power, departed: (TA:) or his affairs, or state, became weak, and his might, or power, departed. (Ṣ, O. [See also art. ثل.]) [For عَرْشٌ also signifies]

‡ Might, or power: (Er-Rághib, Ḳ:) regal power; sovereignty; dominion: (IAạr, Er-Rághib, Ḳ:) from the same word as signifying the throne, or seat, of a king. (Er-Rághib.)

And The protuberant part (Ṣ, O, Ḳ) in, (Ṣ, O,) or of, (Ḳ,) the upper surface of the foot, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) in which are the toes; (Ṣ, O, TA;) as alsoعُرْشٌ↓:pl. [of pauc.] أَعْرَاشٌ and [of mult.] عِرَشَةٌ: (O, TA:) and the part between the عَيْر [or prominent bone] and the toes, of the upper surface of the foot; as alsoعُرْشٌ↓: (Ibn-ʼAbbád, O, Ḳ:) pls. the same as last mentioned above: (Ḳ:) orعُرْشٌ↓ signifies the upper surface of the foot; and its lower surface is called the أَخْمَص. (IAạr.)

عُرْشٌ, both as a sing. and as a pl.: see عَرْشٌ, last sentence, in three places:

and the same paragraph, first and second sentences, in four places: and see ثُلَّ عُرْشُهُ in the latter part of the same paragraph.

العُرْشَانِ signifies Two oblong portions of flesh in the two sides of the neck, [app. the two sterno-mastoid muscles,] (Ṣ, A, O, Ḳ, TA,) between which are the vertebræ [of the neck]: (TA:) or in the base of the neck: (Ḳ:) or the base [itself] of the neck: so in the phrase ثَلَّ عُرْشَيْهِ: (IDrd and M in art ثل, q. v.:) or the أَخْدَعَانِ [or two branches of the occipital artery], (TA, as from the Ḳ, [in which I do not find it,]) which are (TA) [in] the two places of the cuppingvessels: (Ḳ, TA:) or the أَخْدَعَانِ are in the عُرْشَانِ: (Ibn-ʼAbbád, O:) or the عُرْش is a vein in the base of the neck: (Th, O:) or the عُرْشَانِ are [app.] the two greater cornua of the os hyoides, which forms a support to the tongue; two bones in the لَهَاة [meaning furthest part of the mouth], which erect the tongue. (Ibn-ʼAbbád, O, Ḳ.) It is related in a trad., respecting the slaying of Aboo-Jahl, that he said to Ibn-Mesʼood, خُذْ سَيْفِى فَٱجْتَزَّ بِهِ رَأْسِى مِنْ عُرْشَيَّ [Take thou my sword, and cut with it my head from my عُرْشَانِ]. (O, TA.)

And † The ear: (Ḳ:) or † the two ears: because near to the عُرْشَانِ [properly so called]: hence the saying, نَفَثَ فِى عُرْشَيْهِ † He spoke secretly to him, or with him. (Aṣ, A, O.)

And The extremity of the hair of the mane of a horse: (IDrd, O, Ḳ:) or so العُرْشُ. (TA.)

Also, (Ḳ,) or العُرْشُ, (TA [and thus accord. to a verse there cited],) The bulky she-camel; as though her chest were cased like a well. (Ḳ, TA. [See 1.])

عَرِيشٌ: see عَرْشٌ, first and second sentences, in several places.

Also, (Ḳ,) or عَرِيشُ كَرْمٍ, (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb,) [The trellis of a grape-vine;] the structure made for a grape-vine, of sticks, or pieces of wood, in the form of a roof, upon which are put the branches, or shoots, of the vine; (Ḳ,* TA;) [also, but less commonly, called عَرْشٌ;] the structure made for a grape-vine to rise upon it; (Mgh;) the elevated structure upon which a grape-vine spreads itself: (Mṣb:) pl. عَرَائِشُ, (Mgh, Mṣb,) [and perhaps عِرَاشٌ also: see 8.]

Also, عَرِيشٌ, A thing resembling a هَوْدَج, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) but not [exactly the same as] it, made for a woman, who sits in it upon her camel: (Ṣ, O:) so called as being likened in form to the عريش of a vine: (Er-Rághib:) orعَرِيشَةٌ↓, with ة, is the same as هودج; and its pl. is عَرَائِشُ, (Mṣb,) which signifies the same as هَوَادِجُ. (ISh, A.)

And An enclosure of the kind called حَظِيرَة, made for beasts, to protect them from the cold. (TA.)

عُرُوشَاتٌ Grape-vines. (TA.)

كُرُومٌ مَعْرُشَاتٌ [Grape-vines furnished with, or trained upon, عَرَائِش, or trellises, pl. of عَرِيشٌ]. (Ṣ.)

بِئْرٌ مَعْرُوشَةٌ [A well cased with what is termed an عَرْش]. (Ṣ.)

Hence, (O,) مَعْرُوشُ الجَنْبَيْنِ A camel large in the sides. (O, Ḳ.)