Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

عَضَلَهَا, (Aṣ, Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. ـُ {يَعْضُلُ} and ـِ {يَعْضِلُ}; (Aṣ, Ṣ, O, Mṣb;) or it is مُثَلَّثَة, (Ḳ,) i. e. the aor. is ـُ and ـ and ـَ, the first of which is the most chaste and most known, and the second is mentioned by such as IḲṭṭ and ISd, whereas the last is unknown and there is no reason for it; (MF;) or the author of the Ḳ may mean by this that the verb is like نَصَرَ and ضَرَبَ and عَلِمَ, not مَنَعَ as one might understand it to mean at first sight; (TA; [but I do not find that any one has mentioned عَضِلَهَا;]) inf. n. عَضْلٌ (Aṣ, Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ) and عِضْلٌ and عِضْلَانٌ; (Fr, O, Ḳ;) andعضّلها↓, (Ḳ, TA,) inf. n. تَعْضِيلٌ; (TA;) He prevented, withheld, or debarred, her from marrying, (Aṣ, Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ, [الزَّوْجُ in the CK being a mistake for الزَّوْجَ,]) wrongfully; (Ḳ;) i. e., a woman, (Ḳ,) or his husbandless woman, (Ṣ, O,) or a woman highly esteemed by him. (Mṣb.) The primary signification of العَضْلُ is The act of straitening; (O;) or preventing, withholding, or debarring; and straitening. (Ḥam p. 466.)

عَضَلَ عَلَيْهِ: see 2.

عَضَلَ بِهِ: see 4.

عَضَلْتُهُ, inf. n. عَضْلٌ, I struck his عَضَلَة [i. e. muscle]. (TA.)

عَضِلَ, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) aor. ـَ {يَعْضَلُ}, (Ḳ,) inf. n. عَضَلٌ, said of a man, (Ṣ, O,) [He was, or became, muscular, musculous, or brawny;] he had many عَضَلَات (Ṣ) or عَضَل (O, Ḳ) [i. e. muscles]: or he was large in the عَضَلَة [or muscle] of his shank. (Ḳ.)

see 1, first sentence.

عضّل عَلَيْهِ, inf. n. تَعْضيلٌ; (Ṣ, O, TA;) orعَضَلَ↓ عليه, (Ḳ, TA,) inf. n. عَضْلٌ; (TA;) He straitened him (Ṣ, O, Ḳ, TA) in his affair, (Ṣ, O,) and intervened as an obstacle between him and that which he desired. (Ṣ, O, TA.)

عضّل الشَّىْءُ The thing was, or became, strait. (TA.)

عَضَّلَتْ, (Ṣ, O,) or عَضَّلَتْ بِوَلَدِهَا, (Ḳ,) inf. n. تَعْضِيلٌ; (Ṣ;) andأَعْضَلَتْ↓; (Ḳ;) said of a woman, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) and of a ewe or goat, (Ṣ, O,) She had her child, or young one, sticking fast [in her vagina], (Ṣ, O, TA,) and not coming forth easily, (Ṣ, O,) or so that part of it came forth and part did not, thus remaining: (TA:) or she had difficulty in bringing forth her child, or young one: (Ḳ,* TA:) and in like manner one says of a hen (Ḳ, TA) بِبَيْضِهَا, (TA,) and of others: (Ḳ, TA:) عضّلت [said of any bird] meaning the egg twisted, or became difficult [to be excluded] in her inside: (TA in art. عصل:) or عضّلت بولدها, said of a woman, means her child became choked in her vulva, and did not come forth nor go in [or back]: (Aboo-Málik, TA:) and عَضَّلَهَا وَلَدُهَا, occurring in a trad., said of a gazelle, means Her young one made her to be such as is termed مُعَضِّلَة, by sticking fast in her belly, not coming forth. (IAth, TA.)

And [hence,] عَضَّلَتِ الأَرْضُ بِأَهْلِهَا ‡ The land became choked with its people, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ, TA,) by reason of their multitude. (TA.) And عضّل المَكَانُ ‡ The place became strait, (Ḳ, TA,) بِهِمْ with them. (TA.)

See also 4.

عَضَّلَتِ النَّاقَةُ The she-camel became fatigued in consequence of travelling, and being ridden, and from any work. (TA.)

اعضل It (an affair) was, or became, hard, strait, or difficult, syn. اِشْتَدَّ; (Ṣ, O, Mṣb;) and as though it were closed against one syn. اِسْتَغْلَقَ. (Ṣ, O.) You say, اعضل بِهِ الأَمْرُ, (Ḳ, TA,) andعَضَلَ↓ به, (IDrd, O, Ḳ,) andعَضَّلَ↓ به, (TA, and Ḥam p. 258,) and اعضلهُ, (Ḳ, TA,) The affair was, or became, hard, strait, or difficult, to him, syn. اشتدّ; (IDrd, O, Ḳ, TA, and Ḥam ubi suprà) and as though it were closed against him, syn. استغلق. (TA.)

And أَعْضَلَنِى فُلَانٌ, (Ṣ,) or اعضل بِى, (O,) Such a one's affair, or case, wearied me. (Ṣ, O.) Hence the phrase, in a trad. of ʼOmar, أَعْضَلَ بِى أَهْلُ الكُوفَةِ, (O,) i. e. [The people of El-Koofeh have caused that] the means of effecting my object in their affair, or case, have become strait to me, (O, TA,) and the treating them with gentleness has become difficult to me: (TA:) from عُضَالٌ, (O, TA,) as applied to a disease, (O,) or as meaning a “hard,” or “difficult,” affair, “which one will not undertake,” or “[be able to] manage.” (TA.) One says of a disease [such as is termed عُضَال], اعضل الأَطِبَّآءَ, andتَعَضَّلَهُمْ↓, It overcame the physicians, (Ḳ, TA,) and wearied them. (TA.)

See also 2.

اِعْضَأَلَّتِ الشَّجَرَةُ The tree had many branches, and was tangled, or luxuriant, or dense. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) But [its part. n.] مُعْضَئِلَّة, applied to branches, in a verse cited by J [in the Ṣ], is said by Az to be correctly مُعْطَئِلَّة, meaning نايمة [app. a mistranscription نَاعِمَة i. e. soft, &c.]. (TA.) See Q. Q. 4 in arts. عطل and عظل.

عِضْلٌ, applied to a man, Very cunning; or possessing much intelligence or sagacity, or much intelligence mixed with craft and forecast. (IAạr, Ḳ,* TA.)

And Very bad, evil, foul, or unseemly; as alsoمُعْضِلٌ↓; (IAạr, Ḳ, TA;) applied to a thing. (IAạr, TA.)

عَضَلٌ: see عَضَلَةٌ.

Also, (O, Ḳ, TA,) accord. to the context in the Ṣ, (Ḳ, TA,) and as written in all the copies, (TA,) with damm to the ع, but it is only with fet-ḥ to that letter and to the ض, (Ḳ, TA,) and thus it is written by IAạr and other leading lexicologists, (TA,) The [large species of rat called] جُرَذ: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) or, accord. to IAạr, the male of the فَأْر [or rat]: (TA, and T in art. فأر:) pl. عِضْلَانٌ. (Aboo-Naṣr, Ṣ, O, Ḳ.) [See also عَظَلٌ.]

عَضِلٌ, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) and accord. to the Ḳ عَضُلٌ, but correctly عُضُلٌّ↓, (TA,) applied to a man, (Ṣ, O,) [Muscular, musculous, or brawny;] having many عَضَلَات (Ṣ) or عَضَل (O, Ḳ) [i. e. muscles]: or large in the عَضَلَة [or muscle] of his shank. (Ḳ)

And عَضِلَةٌ, applied to a woman, Compact in flesh, and unseemly, or devoid of beauty. (TA.)

See also عُضَالٌ.

عُضْلَةٌ A calamity, or misfortune: pl. عُضَلٌ (Ṣ, O, Ḳ) and عُضْلٌ [which latter may be a coll. gen. n.]. (Ḳ.) One says, إِنَّهُ لَعُضْلَةٌ مِنَ العُضَلِ Verily it is a calamity of the calamities [meaning a great calamity]. (Ṣ, O.)

عَضَلَةٌ (Ṣ, O, Ḳ) andعَضِيلَةٌ↓ (Ḳ) [A muscle; or any of what are termed the voluntary muscles; i. e.] any tendon, or sinew, with which is thick flesh; (Ḳ;) or any collected and compact flesh upon a tendon or sinew: and particularly of the shank: (Ṣ, O:) pl. عَضَلٌ↓, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,*) [or rather this is a coll. gen. n.,] and [the pl. properly so termed is] عَضَلَاتٌ. (Ṣ.)

Also the former, accord. to AA, A certain tree resembling the دِفْلَى, which the camels eat, after which they drink water every day: but Az says that he thinks it be عَصَلَة, [n. un. of عَصَلٌ, q. v.,] with the unpointed ص; and what he says is correct. (O.)

عُضَالٌ, applied to a disease, (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) Severe, or distressing, (Ṣ, O, Mṣb,) that wearies the physicians; (Ṣ, O;) as alsoعَضِلٌ↓ andعَضِيلٌ↓: (O:) or wearing and overcoming: (Ḳ:) or, so applied, hateful, that attacks suddenly, and is not slow to kill; the treatment of which wearies the physicians: (Sh, TA:) or that frustrates the ability of the physicians, there being no cure for it. (IAth, TA.) And in like manner it is applied to an affair [as meaning That wearies him who would perform it]: (Ṣ, O:) or meaning hard, or difficult, which one will not undertake, or [be able to] manage; and in like mannerمُعَضِّلٌ↓ [orمُعْضِلٌ↓]: or, as some say, the affair [that is hard, or difficult,] is termed عُضَالٌ in its first state; and معضل [i. e.مُعَضِّلٌ↓ orمُعْضِلٌ↓] when it is obligatory. (TA.) And حَلْفَةٌ عُضَالٌ means A hard, or severe, oath, in which is no exception: (Ḳ:) or, accord. to IAạr, in the phrase حَلَفْتُ عُضَالًا, the latter word signifies a wonderful calamity; and the phrase means I swore an oath that was a severe calamity. (TA.)

عِضْيَلٌّ Base, ignoble, or mean; narrow [or illiberal] in disposition. (O, Ḳ.)

مُعْضِلٌ, applied to an affair, [Hard, strait, or difficult; (see its verb, 4, first sentence;)] such that one cannot find the way to perform it. (Ṣ, O.) See also عُضَالٌ, in two places.

And see مُعَضِّلٌ:

and عِضْلٌ.

مُعْضِلَةٌ [as a subst.] sing. of مُعْضِلَاتٌ (TA) which signifies Hard, or distressing, events: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ, TA:) and معضلة [app. accord. to the context مُعَضِّلَةٌ↓] a hard, or difficult, or strait, calamity. (Ḥam p. 258.) Also andمُعَضِّلَةٌ↓, An affair, or a case, that is strait in respect of the ways of getting out therefrom. (TA.) [Hence,] أَعُوذُ بِٱللّٰهِ مِنْ كُلِّ مُعْضِلَةٍ لَيْسَ لَهَا أَبُو حَسَنٍ, (O, TA,) or, as some relate it, مُعَضِّلَةٍ↓, (TA,) is a saying of ʼOmar, (so in the O, but in the TA “in the trad. of Ibn-ʼOmar,”) who meant thereby [I seek protection by God from] every difficult question or case [for which there is no Aboo-Ḥasan; meaning, no one such as ʼAlee the son of Aboo-Tálib, who was surnamed أَبُو الحَسَنِ, and was celebrated for his answers to what are termed المَسَائِلُ المُعْضِلَات, as is related by En-Nawawee, in his Biographical Dictionary (p. 437)]: (O, TA:) ابو حسن, though determinate, is put in the place of that which is indeterminate. (IAth, TA.)

مُعَضَّلٌ [from عَضَلَةٌ “a muscle”] Rendered firm, strong, or compact, in make: such, it is said, was the Prophet. (TA.)

مُعَضِّلٌ (Ṣ, O, Ḳ) and مُعَضِّلَةٌ (Ṣ, O) andمُعْضِلٌ↓ (Ḳ) are epithets applied to a woman (Ṣ, O, Ḳ) and to a sheep or goat (Ṣ, O) and in like manner to a hen and to others; (Ḳ;) meaning Having her child, or young one, sticking fast [in her vagina], and not coming forth easily: (Ṣ, O:) or having difficulty in bringing forth her child, or young one: (Ḳ:) [&c.: see 2:] accord. to Lḥ, مُعَضِّلَةٌ signifies whose child, or young one, will not come forth, so that she dies: and Lth says that مُعَضِّلٌ is applied to a قَطَاة as meaning whose eggs stick fast [in her]; but Az says that the epithet applied by the Arabs to a قطاة is مُطَرِّقٌ: (TA:) the pl. applied to sheep or goats is مَعَاضِيلُ↓ [irreg.]. (O.)

See also عُضَالٌ, in two places.

مُعَضِّلٌ applied to an arrow: see مُعَصِّلٌ.