Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

عَرَاهُ, (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. يَعْرُوهُ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. عَرْوٌ; (Ṣ, Mṣb;) andاعتراهُ↓; (Mṣb, Ḳ;) He came to him, (Ṣ, Mgh, Ḳ,) syn. أَتَاهُ, (Ṣ, Mgh,) and أَلَمَّ بِهِ, (Ṣ,) or غَشِيَهُ, (Ḳ,) or he repaired to him, syn. قَصَدَهُ, (Mṣb,) seeking (Ṣ, Mgh, Ḳ) his beneficence, or bounty, (Mgh, Ḳ,) or for the purpose of seeking his gift, or aid: (Mṣb:) or both signify [simply] he, or it, came to him; syn. جَآءَهُ: (Ḥam pp. 24 and 109:) or عَرَوْتُهُ, also, signifies [simply] I came to him; syn. غَشِيتُهُ; and so عَرَيْتُهُ: (Ḳ in art. عرى:) and one says, عَرَى الرجل عريةً شَدِيدَةً and عروةً شديدةً [app. He came to the man, or upon him, with a vehement coming; for it seems that الرَّجُلَ is meant, and that عَرْيَة and عَرْوَة are inf. ns. of un.]: (TA, immediately after what here next precedes:) and عَرَا, aor. يَعْرُو, also signifies [simply] he sought [&c.]: and hence the saying of Lebeed in a verse cited in art. ثأر [q. v., conj. 8]: (Ṣ,* TA:) the pass. part. n. is مَعْرُوٌّ↓. (Ṣ, Mṣb.) One says also, فُلَانٌ تَعْرُوهُ الأَضْيَافُ andتَعْتَرِيهِ↓ i. e. Such a one, guests come to him; syn. تَغْشَاهُ. (Ṣ, TA.) And عَرَانِى هٰذَا الأَمْرُ andاِعْتَرَانِى↓ This affair, or event, came upon me; syn. غَشِيَنِى. (Ṣ.) And عَرَاهُ الأَمْرُ, (Mṣb, TA,) aor. يَعْرُوهُ, The affair, or event, came upon him (غَشِيَهُ), (TA,) and befell him; (Mṣb, TA;) as alsoاعتراهُ↓. (Mṣb.) And عَرَاهُ المُهِمُّ andاعتراهُ↓ The hard, or difficult, affair, or event, befell him. (Mgh.) And عَرَّهُ signifies the same. (Ksh in xlviii. 25.) [And in like manner اعتراهُ↓ said of a malady, and of diabolical possession, &c., It befell, or betided, him; attacked him; or occurred, or was incident or incidental, to him.] And عَرَاهُ البَرْدُ The cold smote him. (TA.)

See also 2.

عُرِىَ He (a man, Ṣ) was, or became, affected with what is termed the عُرَوَآء [q. v.] of fever: (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA:) and El-Fárábee has mentioned, in the “Deewán el-Adab,” among verbs of the class of فَعَلَ, aor. يَفْعُلُ, عَرَا from العُرَوَآءُ: (Ḥar p. 406:) ISd says that the verb mostly used is the former, and its part. n. is مَعْرُوٌّ↓: but some say that the verb [i. e. عُرِيَت; imperfectly written in my copy of the TA, but cleared from doubt by its being there added that the part. n. is مَعْرُوَّةٌ,] is said of a fever, as meaning it came with a shivering, or trembling. (TA.)

Also, He (a man) was, or became, affected with the tremour of fear. (TA.)

One says also, عُرِىَ إِلَى الشَّىْءِ, meaning ‡ He felt a want of the thing (اِسْتَوْحَشَ إِلَيْهِ) after having sold it. (Ḳ, TA.) Andعُرِيتُ إِلَى مَالٍ لِى أَشَدَّ العُرَوَآءِ↓, meaning † My soul followed [most vehemently, or I felt a most vehement yearning towards,] property that belonged to me after having sold it. (TA.) And عُرِىَ هُوَاهُ إِلَى كَذَا † He yearned towards, or longed for, such a thing. (TA.)

عرّى القَمِيصَ He put button-loops (عُرًى [pl. of عُرْوَةٌ]) to the shirt; as alsoاعراهُ↓. (TA.)

And عرّى المَزَادَةَ, thus, with teshdeed, in copies of the Ḳ, agreeably with the Tekmileh, orعَرَى↓ [or عَرَا], without teshdeed, as in the M, (TA,) He put a loop-shaped handle (عُرْوَة) to the مزادة [or leathern water-bag]. (Ḳ, TA.)

اعراهُ نَخْلَةً (Ṣ, Ḳ) He assigned to him (i. e. a man in need, Ṣ) a palm-tree as an عَرِيَّة [q. v.; accord. to some, belonging to art. عرى], (Ṣ, Mṣb,) for him to eat its fruit: (Mṣb:) [i. e.] he gave to him the fruit of a palm-tree during a year. (Ṣ; and Ḳ in art. عرى.)

اعراهُ صَدِيقُهُ His friend went, or removed, far away from him, and did not aid him. (Ṣ.) And أَعْرَوْا صَاحِبَهُمْ They left their companion (Ḳ, TA) in his place; and went away from him. (TA.) [But these two significations seem rather to belong to art. عرى.]

See also 2.

اعرى, intrans., He (a man) was, or became, fevered, or affected with fever. (TA. [From عُرَوَآءُ.])

And أَعْرَيْنَا We were, or became, affected by a cold night [such as is termed لَيْلَةٌ عَرِيَّةٌ]: or we came to experience the cold of evening. (TA.) One says, أَهْلَكَ فَقَدْ أَعْرَيْتَ i. e. [Betake thyself to thy family, for thou hast reached the time when] the sun has set and the evening has become cold. (Ṣ.)

اعتراهُ: see 1, in six places.

Also i. q. قَصَدَ عَرَاهُ i. e. نَاحِيَتَهُ [app. as meaning He repaired to his region, or quarter; or his vicinage]. (TA.)

And i. q. خَبَلَهُ [He, or it, rendered him possessed, or insane; or unsound in his intellect, or in a limb or member]. (TA.)

استعرى النَّاسُ The people ate the fresh ripe dates (Ṣ, Ḳ, the latter in art. عرى,) فِى كُلِّ وَجْهٍ [in every direction]: from العَرِيَّةُ. (Ṣ.)

عَرًا, (T, Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) mentioned in the Ḳ in art. عرى, but accord. to Az, thus written with ا, as belonging to the present art., (TA,) i. q. نَاحِيَةٌ [as meaning A region, or quarter; or a vicinage]; (Ḳ in art. عرى;) and soعِرْوٌ↓, (Ḳ in art. عرو,) of which the pl. is أَعْرَآءٌ; (TA;) and جَنَابٌ [which likewise signifies a vicinage; and a place of alighting or abode;, &c.; and also has the two meanings here following]; as alsoعَرَاةٌ↓; (Ḳ in art. عرى;) this last and عَرًا both signify a yard, syn. فِنَآءٌ; (Ṣ;) and a court, syn. سَاحَةٌ; (T, Ṣ;) as alsoعَرْوَةٌ↓. (T, TA.) One says, نَزَلَ فِى عَرَاهُ [or بِعَرَاهُ and بِحَرَاهُ (Ṣ in art. حرى)] meaning نَاحِيَتِهِ [i. e. He alighted, or descended and abode, in his region, or quarter, or his vicinage]: (TA:) or نَزَلَ بِعَرَاهُ andعَرْوَتِهِ↓ i. e. [he alighted,, &c.,] in his court. (Az, TA.)

عِرْوٌ: see عَرًا:

and see also عُرْوَةٌ.

Also One who is not disquieted, or rendered anxious, or grieved, by an affair: (Ḳ:) [or] أَنَا عِرْوٌ مِنْهُ means I am free, or free in mind, (خِلْوٌ,) from it: (Ṣ:) but it is held by ISd to belong to art. عرى: (TA:) the pl. is أَعْرَآءٌ; (Ḳ, TA;) which is said in the Tekmileh to signify persons who are not disquieted, or rendered anxious, or grieved, by that which disquiets,, &c., their companions. (TA.)

And A company of men: [pl. as above:] one says, بِهَا أَعْرَآءٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ [In it are companies of men]. (TA.)

عَرَاةٌ: see عَرًا.

Also Vehemence, or intenseness, of cold: (Ṣ, Ḳ; mentioned in the latter in art. عرى:) originally عَرْوَةٌ. (TA.)

عُرْوَةٌ primarily signifies A thing by means of which another thing is rendered fast, or firm, and upon which reliance is placed: (TA:) or it is metaphorically applied in this sense; from the same word as signifying an appertenance of a shirt, and of a mug, and of a leathern bucket. (Mgh, Mṣb.*)

The عُرْوَة of a shirt, (Ṣ, M, Mṣb,) or of a garment, (Ḳ,) is well known; (Ṣ, Mṣb;) i. e. [A button-loop, or loop into which a button is inserted and by means of which it is rendered fast;] the thing into which the زِرّ [or button] thereof enters; (M, TA;) the sister of the زرّ thereof; (Ḳ;) as also عُرًى, accord. to the copies of the Ḳ, or عَرِىٌّ, accord. to some of them; and with kesr; but correctly with damm and with the ر quiescent [i. e.عُرْوٌ↓] as in the Tekmileh; and also with kesr [i. e.عِرْوٌ↓]; as though these two were pls. [or rather coll. gen. ns.] of عروة [i. e. عُرْوَةٌ and عِرْوَةٌ]: (TA:) the pl. is عُرًى: (Mṣb:) عراوى [i. e. عَرَاوَى] as pl. of عُرْوَةٌ is vulgar. (TA.)

[The pl.] عُرًى also signifies [in like manner] Certain [well-known] appertenances [i. e. loop] of loads, or burdens, and of the camels that bear saddles or burdens: whence the trad. لَا تُشَدُّ العُرَى إِلَّا إِلَى ثَلَاثَةِ مَسَاجِدَ [The loops of loads shall not be made fast for the purpose of journeying save to three mosques; that of Mekkeh, that of El-Medeeneh, and that of El-Aksà at Jerusalem: see also similar trads. in art. ضرب (first paragraph, see. col.,) and in art. عمل (conj. 4)]. (TA.)

The عُرْوَة of the leathern bucket is likewise well known, (TA,) and so is that of the mug: (Ṣ, TA:) each is The [loopshaped] handle: (Ḳ, TA:) [so too is that of the leathern water-bag: (see 2:)] that of the mug is [also called] its أُذُن. (Mṣb.)

The عُرْوَة of the فَرْج [or vulva of a woman] is The flesh of its exterior, (Ḳ, TA,) or an external flesh, (so in some copies of the Ḳ,) which is, or becomes, thin, and turns to the right and left, with [or at] the lower part of the بَظْر [here meaning the clitoris]: (Ḳ, TA;) each of what are termed عُرْوَتَانِ [i. e. the nymphæ]. (TA.)

And عُرْوَةٌ signifies also A collection of [the trees called] عِضَاه and of [those called] حَمْض that are depastured in the case of drought: (Ḳ:) or especially a collection of عِضَاه upon which men pasture [their beasts or cattle] when they experience drought: or such as remain of عِضَاه and of حَمْض and are depastured in the case of drought; and it is not applied to any trees but these, unless to any trees that have remained in the صَيْف [here app. meaning spring, having survived the winter]: (TA:) also tangled, or luxuriant, or abundant and dense, trees, among which the camels pass the winter, and whereof they eat: (Ḳ:) and (as some say, TA) tree of which the leaves fall not in the winter, (Ḳ, TA,) such as the أَرَاك and the سِدْر: (TA:) or trees that remain incessantly in the earth, not going: (Ṣ:) or such as suffice the camels. or cattle, throughout the gear: (TA:) or shrubs of which the lower portions remain in the earth, such as the عَرْفَج and the نَصِىّ and the several kinds of خُلَّة and حَمْض; so that when, men experience drought, the cattle gain the means of subsistence; thus accord. to Az: or pasture that remains after the [other] herbage has dried up; because the cattle cling thereto, or eat thereof in the winter. (تَتَعَلَّقُ بِهَا,) and are preserved thereby: wherefore they are also called عُلْقَة: (Mgh: [but for عَلَقة in my copy of that work, I have substituted عُلْقَة as being evidently the right word:]) [see also عُقْدَةٌ, in the last quarter of the paragraph, in two places:] the pl. is عُرًى. (Ṣ, TA.)

Also The environs of a town [where people pasture their cattle]. (Ḳ, TA.) One says, رَعَيْنَا عُرْوَةَ مَكَّةَ i. e. [We pastured our cattle] in the environs of Mekkeh. (TA.)

And the pl., عُرًى, signifies ‡ A company, or party, of men by whom one benefits, or profits; as being likened to the trees [so called] that remain [throughout the winter]: (TA:) or a company, or party, of men is likened to the trees thus called. (Ṣ.)

And the sing., ‡ Such as is held in high estimation, or in much request, of camels, or cattle, or other property; as an excel-lent horse; (Ḳ, TA;) and the like. (TA.)

عُرْوَةُ الصَّعَالِيكِ means † The stay, or support, of the صعاليك [i. e. poor, or needy]: and [hence] is the name [or a surname] of a well-known man. (TA. [See صُعْلُوكٌ.])

العُرْوَةُ الوُثْقَى signifies The firmest thing upon which one lays hold: (Bḍ in xxxi. 21: [see also ii. 257, where the same phrase occurs:]) and is [said to be] the saying “There is no deity but God:” from العُرْوَةُ [in the first of the senses assigned to it above, as is indicated in the Mṣb in relation to a similar phrase here following; or] as signifying “the trees that have a lower portion remaining in the earth, as the نَصِىّ and the عَرْفَج, &c.;” as expl. above. (TA.) And أَوْثَقُ عُرًى [The firmest of things upon which one lays hold], occurring in a saying of the Prophet, is expl. as being [religious] belief, or faith. (Mṣb.)

And العُرْوَةُ is a name of The lion. (Ṣ, Mgh, Ḳ.)

عُرَوَآءُ A tremour, or shivering: (Mz, 40th نوع:) or the access of a fever, on the occasion of the first tremour, or shivering, thereof. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

[And accord. to Freytag, it occurs in the Deewán of the Hudhalees as meaning The coming of a hero, and the tremour thence arising in others.]

[And A feeling of yearning, or longing:] see 1, last sentence but one.

And The low voice (syn. حِسّ) of the lion. (Ḳ.)

And The interval from the sun's becoming yellow to the night, when cold wind springs up, (M,* Ḳ, TA,) i. e., the north, or northerly, wind. (TA.)

عَرِىٌّ an epithet applied to a palm-tree such as is termed عَرِيَّةٌ [q. v.]: one says نَخْلَةٌ عَرِىٌّ, (Ṣ, Mṣb,) the latter word without ة; like as one says اِمْرَأَةٌ قَتِيلٌ. (Mṣb.)

And رِيحٌ عَرِيَّةٌ (Ṣ, Ḳ) and عَرِىٌّ (Ḳ) A cold wind. (Ṣ, Ḳ: mentioned in the Ḳ in this art. and also in art. عرى) And one says also, إِنَّ عَشِيَّتَنَا هٰذِهِ لَعَرِيَّةٌ [Verily this our evening is cold]. (El-Kilábee, Ṣ.) And لَيْلَةٌ عَرِيَّةٌ A cold night. (TA.)

عَرِيَّةٌ [as a subst.] A palm-tree which its owner assigns to another, (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,*) who is in need, (Ṣ, Mgh,) for him to eat its fruit (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ *) during a year: (Ṣ, Mgh, Ḳ:) and of which what was upon it has been eaten: (Ḳ:) so some say: or that does not retain its fruit, this becoming scattered from it: (TA:) and one that has been excluded from the bargaining on the occasion of the selling of palm-trees: (Ḳ:) so some say: (TA:) the pl. is عَرَايَا: (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb:) it is said that on the occasion of the prohibition of المُزَابَنَة, which is the selling of the fruit upon the heads of palm-trees for dried dates, license was conceded in respect of the عَرَايَا, because a needy man, attaining to the season of fresh ripe dates, and having no money with which to buy them for his household, nor any palm-trees to feed them therefrom, but having some dried dates remaining of his food, would come to the owner of palm-trees, and say to him, “Sell to me the fruit of a palm-tree,” or “of two palm-trees,” and would give him those remaining dried dates for that fruit: therefore license was conceded in respect of that fruit when less than five أَوْسُق [pl. of pauc. of وَسْقٌ, q. v.]: (Nh, TA: [and the like is said, but much less fully, in the Mgh; and somewhat thereof in the Ṣ:]) the word is of the measure فَعِيلَةٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولَةٌ, because the person to whom it is assigned repairs to it (Ṣ, Nh,* Mgh, Mṣb, TA) to gather its fruit: (Mgh:) or the tree is so called because it is freed from prohibition, (Nh, Mgh, TA,) from عَرِىَ, aor. يَعْرَى, (Nh, TA,) in which case the word is of the measure فَعِيلَةٌ in the sense of the measure فَاعِلَةٌ; or because it is as though it were divested of its fruit: (Mgh:) the ة is affixed because the word is reckoned among substs., like نَطِيحَةٌ and أَكِيلَةٌ. (Ṣ, Mṣb.) [It is mentioned in the Ḳ in art. عرى. See also عَرِىٌّ, above.]

Also A مِكْتَل [or kind of basket, made of palm-leaves, in which dates, &c. are carried]. (Ḳ and TA in art. عرى. [In the CK, المَكِيلِ is erroneously put for المِكْتَلُ.])

[عَرَاوَةٌ, expl. by Freytag as signifying “oleris species”, &c., is a manifest mistake for عَرَارَةٌ, n. un. of عَرَارٌ, q. v.]

عَارٍ act. part. n. of عَرَاهُ in the first [and in others also] of the senses assigned to it above. (Mṣb.) En-Nábighah says,

* أَتَيْتُكَ عَارِيًا خَلَقًا ثِيَابِى *

* عَلَى خَوْفٍ يُظَنُّ بِىَ الظُّنُونُ *

meaning I came to thee, or have come to thee, as a guest [or seeking thy beneficence, with my clothes old and worn out, in fear, various thoughts being thought of me]. (Ṣ; one of my copies of which has تَظُنُّ instead of يُظَنُّ.)

أُعْرُوَانٌ (so in copies of the Ḳ and accord. to the TA, in the CK عُروان,) A certain plant: (Ḳ, TA:) or one of which the leaves fall not in the winter. (CK.)

مُعَرًّى An epithet applied to a فَرْج as meaning Having what is termed عُرْوَةٌ [q. v.] (Ḳ, TA) or what are termed عُرْوَتَانِ. (TA.)

مَعْرُوٌّ pass. part. n. of عَرَا, q. v. (Ṣ, Mṣb.)

And part. n. of عُرِىَ, q. v. (ISd, TA.)