Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

عَطَفَ, (Ṣ, Mgh, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. ـِ {يَعْطِفُ}, (O, Ḳ,) inf. n. عُطُوفٌ, (Mgh, Mṣb,) or عَطْفٌ, (O, TA,) He, or it, (a man, Ṣ, O, or a thing, Mṣb,) inclined; (Ṣ, Mgh, O, Mṣb, Ḳ;) or bent: (MF, TA:) andانعطف↓ also has the former meaning, (Mgh, Mṣb,* TA,) as in the saying انعطف نَحْوَهُ i. e. he, or it, inclined towards him, or it; (TA;) [or the latter meaning;] or it became inclined, (Mṣb,) or became bent, (Ṣ,* O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) or both, (TA,) as quasi-pass. of عَطَفَهُ; (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, TA;) andتعطّف↓ likewise has both of these meanings, as quasi-pass. of عطّفهُ, or [signifies it became much inclined and bent, for] عطّف is with teshdeed to denote muchness. (TA.)

Hence, (MF, TA,) عَطَفَ عَلَيْهِ, (Ṣ, Mgh, MA, O, Ḳ,) [aor. as above,] inf. n. عَطْفٌ; (MA, MF, TA;) andتعطّف↓ عليه; (Ṣ, MA, O, Ḳ;) [andانعطف↓ عليه;] ‡ He was, or became, favourably inclined towards him; or affectionate, or kind, to him; (MA, PṢ;) he regarded him, or treated him, with mercy or pity or compassion; (MA, Mgh;) because in mercy, or pity, or compassion, is an inclining towards its object; (Mgh;) i. q. أَشْفَقَ عَلَيْهِ; (Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) and وَصَلَهُ, and بَرَّهُ. (TA in explanation of the second.) And عَطَفَتْ عَلَى وَلَدِهَا, aor. as above, inf. n. عَطْفٌ, said of a she camel, † She became favourably inclined, or compassionate, towards her young one, and yielded her milk; (Mṣb;) andتعطّفت↓ عَلَيْهِ [signifies the same, or she was made to incline to him, or to affect him]. (M in art. رأم, &c.)

عَطَفَ عَلَيْهِ also signifies He turned, or returned, against him: (Ṣ:) or he charged, or made an assault or attack, upon him, [in battle,] and turned, or returned, against him: (O, Ḳ:) or he returned against him with that which he disliked, or hated: and to him with that which he desired. (L, referring to a verse of Aboo-Wejzeh Es-Saadee cited in art. حين, q. v.)

And عَطَفَ, aor. as above, (TA,) inf. n. عَطْفٌ, (Ḳ, TA,) signifies also He turned away, or back. (Ḳ,* TA.)

And [hence,] عَطَفَ عَنْهُ signifies ‡ the contr. of عَطَفَ عَلَيْهِ in the first of the senses assigned to this latter above [i. e. it signifies ‡ He was, or became, averse from him; or disaffected, or unkind, to him; or unmerciful, unpitying, or uncompassionate, to him]. (MF, TA.)

عُطُوفٌ and عَطْفٌ [as intrans. inf. ns.] also signify A sheep's, or goat's, bending the neck, not by reason of an ailment. (TA.)

And عَطْفٌ [app. likewise as an intrans. inf. n.] also signifies The folding of the extremities of the skirt, of the facing, or outer side, upon, or against, the lining, or inner side. (TA.)

عَطَفَهُ, (Mgh, Mṣb, TA,) [aor. as above,] inf. n. عَطْفٌ, (Mgh, Mṣb,) He inclined it; (Mgh, Mṣb, TA;) namely, a thing; (Mṣb, TA;) as alsoاستعطفهُ↓: (Mgh:) or he bent it, or doubled it, or folded it: (Mṣb:) or it signifies also he bent it: andعطّفهُ↓ likewise, inf. n. تَعْطِيفٌ, has both of these meanings: (TA:) or this latter verb is with teshdeed to denote muchness [of the action], or multiplicity [of the objects]: (Ṣ, O, TA:) you say, عَطَفْتُ العُودَ (Ṣ) I bent [or inclined] the stick, or piece of wood: (MA, PṢ:) andعَطَّفْتُ↓ العِيدَانَ [I bent, or inclined, the sticks, or pieces of wood]: (Ṣ, O:) andعَطَّفْتُ↓ زَأْسَ الخَشَبَةِ [I bent, or inclined, much, the head of the piece of wood]. (TA.) One says of a she-gazelle, تَعْطِفُ جِيدَهَا إِذَا رَبَضَتْ [She inclines, or bends, her neck when she lies down on her breast]. (O, Ḳ.) And one says, عَطَفَ رَأْسَ بَعِيرِهِ إِلَيْهِ He inclined, or bent, or turned aside, the head of his camel towards him; inf. n. عَطْفٌ: (TA:) andاستعطف↓ نَاقَتَهُ He turned aside his she-camel (عَطَفَهَا) by pulling her nose-rein in order that she should incline her head. (Mgh.) And عَطَفَ الوِسَادَةَ, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) aor. and inf. n. as above; (O;) andعَطَّفَهَا↓; (Ḳ;) He bent, or doubled, or folded, the pillow, or cushion, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) when leaning with his elbow upon it. (O.)

And [hence] one says, عَطَفَ ٱللّٰهُ بِقَلْبِ السُّلْطَانِ عَلى رِعَيَّتهِ † God made the heart of the Sultán, or ruling power, to be favourably inclined towards his subjects; to regard them, or treat them, with mercy. (TA.) And عَطَفَتْكَ عَلَيْهِمُ الرَّحِمُ † [The feeling of relationship, or consanguinity, or the sympathy of blood, caused, or hath caused, thee to be favourably inclined towards them;, &c.]. (Ḥam p. 765.) And عَطَفَ النَّاقَةَ عَلَى وَلَدِهَا † [He made the she-camel to incline to, or affect, her young one]. (M in art. رأم;, &c.: see also لِقَاحٌ مُعَطَّفَةٌ in this art.) And تُعْطَفُ عَلَى البَوِّ † [She (a camel) is made to incline to, or affect, the stuffed skin of a young unweaned camel in order that she may yield her milk, when her young one has died]. (Ṣ, O, [See عَطُوفٌ.])

And عَطَفْتُهُ عَنْ حَاجَتِهِ † I turned him away, or back, from his object of want. (Mṣb.)

And عَطْفُ المُدْمَجِ i. e. القِدْحِ means The turning round about, or shuffling, of the gaming-arrow. (Ṣ voce مُدْمَجٌ: see a verse there cited.)

see 1, latter half, in four places.

عَطَّفْتُهُ, ثَوْبِى, inf. n. تَعْطِيفٌ, I made my garment to be to him an عِطَاف, (O, Ḳ, TA,) i. e. a رِدَآء, [by putting it] upon his shoulders, as men do in the [season of] heat. (TA.)

see 1, former half, in three places.

[تعطّف also signifies He (a man) affected a bending of his body; like تَثَنَّى, with which it is coupled in the Ṣ and O and Ḳ in art. غوج.]

تعطّف بِالعِطَافِ He clad himself (Ṣ, O, Ḳ *) with the عِطَاف (O) [i. e.] with the رِدَآء; (Ṣ;) as alsoاعتطف↓ بِهِ. (Ibn-ʼAbbád, O, Ḳ.*)

Hence, in a trad., (TA,) in a prayer of the Prophet, (O,) سُبْحَانَ مَنْ تَعَطَّفَ بِالْعِزِّ وَقَالَ بِهِ, (O, TA,) meaning ‡ [I declare, or celebrate, or extol, the absolute perfection] of Him who hath clad Himself with might as with a رِدَآء [and (as expl. in the Ḳ in art. قول and by Ṣgh) hath predominated thereby]. (IAth, TA.)

تعاطفوا means عَطَفَ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ [i. e. † They were, or became, favourably inclined, one towards another; or affectionate, or kind, one to another;, &c.: see 1]. (Ṣ, O, Ḳ.)

And تعاطف فِى مِشْيَتِهِ He (a man, Lth, O) shook, or moved about, his head, in his gait: (Lth, O, Ḳ:) or he inclined from side to side, therein: or he walked with an elegant and a proud and self-conceited gait. (O,* Ḳ.)

see 5.

[Hence,] اعتطف القَوْسَ He hung upon himself the bow, putting its suspensory belt or cord upon his neck or shoulder; (IAạr, TA;) and so السَّيْفَ the sword. (TA.)

استعطفهُ, (O, Ḳ,) or استعطفهُ عَلَيْهِ, (Ṣ, [in which the meaning is indicated by the addition of فَعَطَفَ,]) signifies سَأَلَهُ أَنْ يَعْطِفَ عَلَيْهِ [He asked him to become favourably inclined towards him; to be affectionate, or kind, to him; or to regard him, or treat him, with mercy or pity or compassion]: (O, Ḳ:) [or he sought, or endeavoured, to conciliate to him his affection, or good will:] or اِسْتَعْطَفْتُهُ signifies سَأَلْتُهُ أَنْ يَنْعَطِفَ [I asked him to incline, or bend: but perhaps ينعطف is a mistranscription for يَعْطِفَ]. (Mṣb.)

See also 1, latter half, in two places.

عَطْفٌ: see the next paragraph, last sentence, in two places.

[It is used in grammar as meaning Adjunction to an antecedent: this is of two kinds; عَطْفُ البَيَانِ the explicative adjunction, as in جَآءَ أَخُوكَ زَيْدٌ; and عَطْفُ النَّسَقِ the ordinal adjunction, as in جَآءَ زَيْدٌ وَعَمْرٌو: (in each of which instances the latter noun is termed مَعْطُوفٌ↓; and the former nounمَعْطُوفٌ↓ عَلَيْهِ:) and hence, حَرْفُ عَطْفٍ, meaning a particle of adjunction; or what we commonly call a conjunction; (as وَ and ثُمَّ, &c.;) also termed حَرْفٌ عَاطِفٌ↓ an adjunctive particle.]

عِطْفٌ The side of a human being, from the head to the hip, or to the foot: (Mgh:) and the side of a thing: (Mṣb:) or the dual signifies the two sides of a man, from the part next the head to the hips: (Ṣ, O:) and the two sides of the neck of a man: (TA:) and the two sides of anything: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) as relating to a man, (TA,) or a thing. (Mṣb,) the pl. is أَعْطَافٌ, [properly a pl. of pane.,] (Mṣb, TA,) and, as relating to a man, عِطَافٌ also, and عُطُوفٌ. (TA.) Hence the phrase, هُمْ أَلْيَنُ عِطْفًا [They are more pliant, or pliable; properly as meaning flexible, supple, lithe, or limber; but app. here used tropically, as meaning compliant: compare لَيِّنُ الجَانِبِ]. (Mgh.) And لَيِّنُ الأَعْطَافِ [Pliant, or pliable,, &c.], applied to a horse: (En-Naḍr, TA voce غُوْجٌ: [see also عَاجٌ, in art. عوج:]) andسَهْلُ المَعْطِفِ↓ [andالمَعَاطِفِ↓ and الأَعْطَافِ, which signify the same,] so applied. (Ṣ and O and TA voce غَوْجٌ.) And [hence, also,] one says, ثَنَى عَنِّى عِطْفَهُ [lit. He bent from me his side], meaning he turned away from me. (Ṣ, O, Ḳ.) And جَآءَ ثَانِىَ عِطْفِهِ He came in an unstraitened, or an easy, or a pleasant and plentiful, state, or condition: (O, Ḳ:) or (Ḳ) ثَانِىَ عِطْفِهِ in the Ḳur [xxii. 9] means (O) twisting, or bending, his neck: (O, Ḳ:) or (Ḳ) magnifying himself, or behaving proudly, and turning away (O, Ḳ) from El-Islám. (O.) And فُلَانٌ يَنْظُرُ فِى عِطْفَيْهِ [lit. Such a one looks at his sides], meaning, is self-conceited. (IDrd, O, Ḳ.*)

Also The armpit (Az, O, Ḳ, TA) of a man: and his shoulder: pl. عُطُوفٌ. (Az, TA.)

And The curved part of each of the two extremities of the bow; (O, Ḳ, TA;) the two being called its عِطْفَانِ. (TA.) One says, تَعَوَّجَ القَوْسُ فِى عِطْفَيْهِ, (O, TA,) in the copies of the Ḳ, تَعَرَّجَ الفَرَسُ فِى عِطْفَيْهِ, but the former is the right, (TA,) meaning [The bow] bent to the right and left [in the two curved parts of its extremities]. (O, Ḳ, TA.)

One says also, تَنَحَّ عَنْ عِطْفِ الطَّرِيقِ [i. e. Go thou aside from] the beaten track of the road; as alsoعَطْفِهِ↓: (IAạr, O, Ḳ:) orعَطْفٌ↓ signifies a bending (Mgh, Mṣb) in a street (Mgh) or road, (Mṣb,) being an inf. n. used as a simple subst.; but the عِطْف in a street [or road] is [a bent part, being] of the measure فِعْلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ. (Mgh. [See similar instances voce ذِبْحٌ.])

عَطَفٌ: see عَطَفَةٌ.

Also Length of the edges of the eyelids, (O, Ḳ, TA,) and a bending [app. upwards] thereof: (TA:) occurring in a trad.: or the word, as some relate it, is غَطَفٌ [q. v.]; (O, TA;) which is of higher authority. (TA.)

عَطْفَةٌ [as an inf. n. un.] An inclining: hence, in a trad., كَأَنَّ عَطْفَتَهُمْ حِينَ سَمِعُوا صَوْتِى عَطْفَةُ البَقَرِ عَلَى أَوْلَادِهَا [As though their inclining, when they heard my voice, were the inclining of the cows (app. meaning wild cows) towards their young ones]. (O, TA.)

And A certain bead by means of which women captivate men; (Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) as alsoعِطْفَةٌ↓. (Ḳ.)

Also, (Ḳ,) orعَطَفَةٌ↓, for which عَطْفَة is used by poetic license, (ISh and O, [referring to a verse which will be found at the close of this paragraph, in which verse, however, it is certainly not used as applied to what here immediately follows,]) A tree to which the حَبْلَة [i. e. grape-vine, or branch of a grapevine,] clings; (ISh, O, Ḳ;) and soعِطْفَةٌ↓, (Ḳ,) or thus as written in the “Book of Plants” by AḤn, who says that it is thus called because of its bending and twining upon trees: (O: [but this remark seems evidently to show that he means thereby one of the plants mentioned below voce عِطْفَةٌ or voce عَطَفَةٌ, or perhaps what here follows:]) IB says that the عَطْفَة is the لَبْلَاب [dolichos lablab of Linn.]; so called because of its twining upon trees: (TA:) [and this, or what will be found mentioned voce عَطَفَةٌ below, may be meant in the following verse:] a poet says,

* تَلَبَّسَ حُبُّهَا بِدَمِى وَلَحْمِى *

* تَلَبُّسَ عَطْفَةٍ بِفُرُوعِ ضَالِ *

[The love of her mingled with, and clung to, my blood and my flesh, like the mingling and clinging of an عطفة with, and to, the branches of a wild lote-tree]. (ISh, O, TA.)

عِطْفَةٌ: see عَطْفَةٌ, in two places.

Also The extremities [or tendrils] of the vine, that hang therefrom. (Ḳ.)

And The tree [or plant] called عُصْبَة [n. un. of عُصْبٌ, q. v., said by some to signify the لَيْلَاب, mentioned in the next preceding paragraph]. (Ḳ.)

عَطَفَةٌ A certain plant which twines upon trees and has no leaves nor branches, fed upon by the oxen [app. meaning the wild oxen,] (Ḳ, TA,) but injurious to them: (TA:) some of its عُرُوق [app. here meaning root-like stalks] are taken, and twisted, and charmed [by some invocation or otherwise], and cast upon the woman that hates her husband, and she consequently loves him: (Ḳ, TA:) so they assert: (TA:) accord. to AA, عَطَفٌ↓ signifies one of the strange kinds of trees of the desert: (O, TA:) عَطَفَةٌ is the n. un. thereof. (TA.) See also عَطْفَةٌ.

عَطْفَآءُ [as an epithet applied to a شَاة, i. e. sheep or goat,] Having the horn twisted; like عَقْصَآءُ: occurring in a trad. relating to the poor-rate. (TA. [The masc., أَعْطَفُ, I do not find mentioned.])

عِطَافٌ andمِعْطَفٌ↓ [A garment of either of the kinds called] a رِدَآء (Ṣ, O, Ḳ) and a طَيْلَسَان, and any garment that is worn like as is the رِدَآء, (TA,) and the former also signifies an إِزَار: (Ḳ:) the two words are like إِزَارٌ and مِئْزَرٌ, &c.: and the ردآء is said to be called عطاف because it falls against the two sides of the man's neck, which are termed his عِطْفَانِ: thepl. [of pauc.] of عِطَافٌ is أَعْطِفَةٌ and [of mult.] عُطُفٌ and عُطُوفٌ; (TA;) and عُطْفٌ [also] is a pl. of عِطَافٌ as meaning an إِزَار: (Ḳ, TA:) the pl. ofمِعْطَفٌ↓ is مَعَاطِفُ; but Aṣ says that he had not heard any sing. of this pl. (O, TA.)

Hence, (Ṣ, O, TA,) عِطَافٌ signifies also A sword; (Ṣ, O, Ḳ, TA;) because the Arabs called it [in like manner] رِدَآءٌ [q. v.]; (TA;) and soمِعْطَفٌ↓. (Ḳ.)

And one says, السَّيْفُ عِطَافِى وَإِبَاطِى, meaning I put, or place, the sword upon my side, and beneath my armpit. (TA in art. ابط.)

عَطُوفٌ, applied to a bow: see مُعَطَّفَةٌ.

Applied to a gaming-arrow, (O, Ḳ,) of those used in the game called المَيْسِر, (O,) as alsoعَطَّافٌ↓, That inclines towards, or upon, the other arrows [in the receptacle called the رِبَابَة], and comes forth winning, or before the others: [app. because it is the first upon which the hand falls:] (O, Ḳ:) an ex. of the former occurs in a verse of Sakhr-el-Gheí cited in art. خض: (O, TA:) [in the TA, in art. خوض, it is expl. as meaning, in that verse, a borrowed arrow, in the luck of which one has confidence:] or the former, accord. to El-Ḳutabee, (O,) or each, (Ḳ,) signifies the arrow to which is assigned no fine and no gain; (O, Ḳ;) it is one of the three أَغْفَال; and is called عطوف because it returns into every رِبَابَة with which one plays; and El-Ḳutabee says that قِدْحًا عَطُوفَا in the verse of Sakhr is a sing. in a pl. sense: (O:) or, (O, Ḳ,) accord. to Skr, (O,) عَطُوفٌ signifies that comes [forth] (يَرِدُ, so in the O, in the copies of the Ḳ يُرَدُّ, [which would make this explanation virtually the same as the one immediately following it,]) time after time: or that is repeated, [i. e. repeatedly put into the رِبَابَة and drawn forth from it,] time after time: andعَطَّافٌ↓ signifies a gaming arrow that turns aside from the places whence the [other] arrows are taken (عَنْ مَآخِذِ القِدَاحِ [for which the CK has على مأخَذِ القِداحِ]), and becomes alone, by itself. (O, Ḳ.)

Also عَطُوفٌ, † One much inclined to favour; or to be affectionate, or kind; and to show mercy or pity or compassion. (O.) † A bestower of favour, or bounty; good in disposition; as alsoعَاطِفٌ↓; (TA;) of both of which عُطْفٌ is pl.; (Ḳ, TA;) andعَطَّافٌ↓ also has this meaning, applied to a man: (Lth, TA:) and also this last, and عَطُوفٌ, † a man who protects, or defends, those who are defeated, or put to flight. (TA.) And † A woman loving to her husband, affectionate to her child or children. (TA.) And † A she-camel that is made to incline to, or affect, (Ṣ, O,) or that inclines to, or affects, (so in the copies of the Ḳ,) the stuffed skin of a young unweaned camel, [when her young one has died,] and that keeps, or cleaves, to it: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) pl. عُطُفٌ. (TA. [See 1, near the end.])

Also, andعَاطُوفٌ↓, A مِصْيَدَة [or snare, trap, gin, or net], (O, Ḳ, TA,) so called because (O, TA) having in it a piece of wood that bends, or inclines, (O, Ḳ, TA,) in its head: (TA:) also called غَاطُوفٌ. (TA in art. غطف.)

عَطِيفٌ † A woman having no pride; gentle; very submissive or obedient. (AZ, O, Ḳ.)

عَطِيفَةٌ andعِطَافَةٌ↓ A bow: pl. عَطَائِفُ. (TA.)

عَطَّافٌ: see عَطُوفٌ, in three places.

العَطَّافُونَ is like العَكَّارُونَ, meaning † They who return to the fight [after fleeing, or wheeling away]. (TA in art. عكر.)

عَاطِفٌ A she-gazelle (ظَبْيَةٌ) inclining, or bending, her neck when she lies down on her breast. (Ṣ, O, Ḳ.) And عَاطِفَةٌ A sheep or goat (شَاة) bending its neck, not by reason of an ailment. (TA.)

See also عَطُوفٌ, latter half.

And see the explanations of the verse of Aboo-Wejzeh Es-Saadee cited in art. حين.

العَاطِفُ is applied to The sixth [in arriving at the goal] of the horses that are started together for a race; (MA, TA, and Ḥam p. 46;) related as on the authority of El-Muärrij; but Az did not find that those who related this as from him were trustworthy persons, though he was himself trustworthy: (TA:) or the fourth thereof. (Ḥar p. 270.)

See also عَطْفٌ.

عَاطِفَةٌ [† A bias, or cause of inclining: pl. عَوَاطِفُ]. One says, مَا يَثْنِينِى عَلَيْكَ عَاطِفَةٌ مِنْ رَحِمٍ and قَرَابَةٍ [† A bias of relationship does not incline me towards thee; or no bias of relationship inclines me towards thee]. (Ṣ, O, TA.)

[And hence, as being a cause of inclining,] العَاطِفَةُ signifies [also] Relationship [itself]; or the tie, or ties, thereof; syn. الرَّحِمُ: and epithet in which the quality of a substantive predominates. (TA.)

[And] † Affection, or kindness; mercy, pity, or compassion. (MA.)

مَعْطِفٌ; and its pl. مَعَاطِفُ: see مُنْعَطَفٌ. [A place of inclining, or bending, of the body; whence,] سَهْلُ المَعْطِفِ and المَعَاطِفِ: see عِطْفٌ: [and a place of flexure, or creasing, of the skin; whence it is said that the pl.] مَعَاطِفُ signifies the places, of the body, that sweat. (TA in art. عرض.) [And A place of doubling, or folding; or a duplicature, or fold, of a garment, or piece of cloth.]

مُعَطَّفَةٌ, applied to bows (قِسِىٌّ), is with teshdeed to denote muchness or multiplicity; (Ṣ, O, Ḳ, TA;) [so that it may signify either Much bent, or, as applied to a number of bows, simply bent: but it is said that] the meaning is, having one of the curved extremities bent towards the other; and so applied to a single bow (قَوْسٌ); as alsoعَطُوفٌ↓. (TA.)

And in like manner applied to milch camels (لِقَاحٌ); [meaning ‡ Made to incline to, or affect, a young one: for] sometimes, or often, they made a number of she-camels to incline to, or affect, a single young one, (عَطَفُوا↓ عِدَّةَ ذَوْدٍ عَلَى فَصِيلٍ وَاحِدٍ,) and drew their milk while they were in the condition of doing thus, in order that they might yield it copiously. (Ṣ, O, Ḳ, TA.)

مَعْطُوفٌ [Inclined, or bent:, &c.].

قَوْسٌ مَعْطُوفَةٌ An Arabian bow, (IDrd, Ṣ, O, Ḳ,*) of which the curved extremity is much bent towards it, and which is used for [shooting at] the butts: (IDrd, O, Ḳ:) andقَوْسٌ عَطْفَى↓ signifies the same. (TA.)

See also عَطْفٌ, in two places.

مُنْعَطَفٌ A place of inclining, or bending; (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ;) [as alsoمَعْطِفٌ↓, pl. مَعَاطِفُ;] and soعِطَافَةٌ↓: (TA:) you say مُنْعَطَفُ الوَادِى the place of inclining, or bending, of the valley: (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ:) andمَعَاطِفُ↓ الأَوْدِيَةِ [the places of inclining, or bending, of the valleys]. (Ḳ voce كُسُورٌ.)