Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

عَالَ عِيَالَهُ, (Ṣ, Mgh, O, Mṣb,* Ḳ, TA,) aor. يَعُولُ, (Ṣ, O, Mṣb,) inf. n. عَوْلٌ (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ) and عِيَالَةٌ (Ṣ, O, Ḳ) and عُوُولٌ; (Ḳ;) He fed, nourished, or sustained, his family, or household, (Ṣ, Mgh, O, Mṣb,* Ḳ, [in the Mṣb, اليَتِيمَ, the orphan,]) and expended upon them: (Ṣ, Mgh, O:) or he supplied them with what they needed of food and clothing and other things: (TA:) andأَعَالَهُمْ↓ andعَيَّلَهُمْ↓ signify the same. (Ḳ.) One says, عُلْتُهُ شَهْرًا I supplied him with his means of subsistence for a month. (Ṣ, O.) And it is said in a trad., اِبْدَأْ بِمَنْ تَعُولُ i. e. [Begin thou] with those whom thou sustainest, and whose expenses are incumbent on thee; and if anything remain over and above, let it be for the strangers, or those who are not related to thee. (TA.)

And عال, (Ks, Ḳ, TA,) aor. as above, (Ks, TA,) inf. n. عَوْلٌ and عِيَالَةٌ (Ḳ, TA) and عُوُولٌ, (TA,) He had a numerous family or household; (Ḳ, TA;) [and] so اعال↓, (Z, Mgh, O, Mṣb,) andأَعْوَلَ↓, (Z, O, Ḳ,) andأَعْيَلَ↓, (Mṣb, Ḳ, TA,) this last formed by the change of و into ى, (TA,) [or formed from عِيَالٌ,] and عيل [i. e.عَيَّلَ↓]: (Mṣb:) اعال↓ is also expl. as meaning [simply] he had a family, or household: andأَعْوَلَتْ↓, occurring in a trad., as meaning she brought forth children, is said by IAth to be originally أَعْيَلَتْ, signifying she had a family, or household; but Z says that اعيلت is formed with a regard to the word عِيَالٌ, and is not the original form. (TA.) [See also 4 in art. عيل.] مَا لَهُ عَالَ وَمَالَ is a form of imprecation, meaning [What ails him?] May he have a numerous family or household, and may he decline from the right course in his judgment. (Ḳ. [See another explanation in art. عيل.]) And the saying, in the Ḳur [iv. 3], ذٰلِكَ أَدْنَى أَلَّا تَعُولُوا has been expl. as meaning [That will be more, or most, apt, fit, or proper,] that ye may not have numerous families or households. (TA.)

[Hence, probably,] عال, aor. as above, [and يَعِيلُ, (see 1 in art. عيل,)] signifies also He (a man) was, or became, poor; (Ks, TA;) [and] so اعال↓. (Ḳ.) And Yoo says that لَا يَعُولُ عَلَى القَصْدِ أَحَدٌ signifies لَا يَحْتَاجُ [app. meaning No one will become poor, or in want, while following the right course]: (TA:) and so لَا يَعِيلُ. (TA in art. عيل.)

عال المِيزَانُ, (Ṣ, Mgh, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. يَعُولُ and يَعِيلُ, (Ḳ, TA,) inf. n. عَوْلٌ and عَيْلٌ, (TA,) The balance inclined, or declined, (Ṣ, Mgh, O, Mṣb,) and rose: (Mgh, Mṣb:) or one of its extremities rose above the other: (TA:) or it was, or became, defective, and declined from the right state: or [in the CK “and”] it was, or became, excessive. (Ḳ, TA.) And [hence,] عال فِى المِيزَانِ † He was, or became, unfaithful; or he acted unfaithfully. (Mṣb.) A poet says,

* قَالُوا ٱتَّبَعْنَا رَسُولَ ٱللّٰهِ وَٱطَّرَحُوا *

* قَوْلَ الرَّسُولِ وَعَالُوا فِى المَوَازِينِ *

[They said, “We have followed the way of the Apostle of God:” but they have rejected the saying of the Apostle, † and been false in the balances, i. e., unfaithful]. (Ṣ, O.)

And عال, (inf. n. عَوْلٌ, Mṣb,) He (a judge, Mgh) deviated from the right course, or acted wrongfully, (Ṣ, Mgh, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) فِى الحُكْمِ [in the judgment]. (Ṣ, O.) Hence, in the Ḳur [iv. 3, mentioned above], أَلَّا تَعُولُوا [that ye may not deviate from the right course], (Ṣ, Mgh, O, Mṣb, TA,) accord. to Mujá- hid, (Ṣ, O, Mṣb,) and most of the expositors. (TA.)

And hence, (Ṣ, Mgh, O,) in the opinion of AʼObeyd, (Ṣ, O,) عَالَتِ الفَرِيضَةُ, (Ṣ, Mgh, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. تَعُولُ, (TA,) inf. n. عَوْلٌ, (Ṣ, Mgh, O, Mṣb,) The فَرِيضَة [or primarily-apportioned inheritance] deviated [by excess] from the limit of the named [primary] portions [which are all fractions of four and twenty]; (Bḍ in iv. 3;) [meaning] it rose [above], (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) or exceeded, (Ḳ,) in the reckoning, (Mṣb, Ḳ,) [the regular sum of the fixed primary portions,] i. e., its [fixed primary], portions exceeded [the regular sum thereof], occasioning a diminution to the sharers: (Ṣ, Mgh, O, Mṣb:) العَوْلُ in this case being the contr. of الرَّدُّ [which I do not find in any lexicon, but only in dictionaries of conventional terms]. (Mṣb.) Az relates, of El-Mufaddal, that, application having been made to him respecting [the shares of inheritance of] two daughters and a father and a mother and a wife, said, “Her [the wife's] eighth has become a ninth:” and A' Obeyd says, he meant that the [primary] portions had exceeded [the regular sum] so that there fell to the wife the ninth, whereas in the original case she would have had the eighth; for if the فريضة had not exceeded [the regular sum], it would have consisted of four and twenty; but when it [so] exceeded, it became of seven and twenty; and there pertained to the two daughters the two thirds [of four and twenty], i. e. sixteen portions; and to the father and the mother the two sixths, i. e. eight portions; and to the wife three reckoned as of seven and twenty, i. e. the ninth, whereas, before the exceeding, it would have been three of four and twenty, i. e. the eighth: and this question is called المَسْأَلَةُ المِنْبَرِيَّةُ, because ʼAlee was asked respecting it when he was on the pulpit, and said, without premeditation, “Her eighth has become a ninth.” (TA.) Hence the saying, in a trad. of Maryam, [i. e. the Virgin Mary, respecting a story to which allusion is made in the Ḳur iii. 39, (see a note on that verse in Sale's Translation,)] وَعَالَ قَلَمُ زَكَرِيَّآءَ i. e. [And the divining-arrow of Zacharias] rose upon the water. (TA.)

And one says also, عال زَيْدٌ الفَرَائِضَ, (Ṣ, Mgh, O,) or الفَرِيضَةَ, (Mṣb,) first pers. عُلْتُهَا, (Ḳ,) meaning Zeyd made the فرائض, or فريضة, to be as described above; as alsoأَعَالَهَا↓; (Ṣ, Mgh, O, Mṣb, Ḳ;*) which latter is the more common. (Mṣb.)

عال said of an affair, or event, It was, or became, hard to be borne, severe, or distressing, and great, or formidable. (Ṣ, O, Ḳ.)

And also, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) aor. يَعُولُ, (Ṣ. O,) inf. n. عَوْلٌ, (TA,) It (a thing) overcame a person; burdened, or oppressed, him; (Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) distressed him; (Fr, O;) and disquieted him, or rendered him anxious. (Ḳ.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce مَسَافَةٌ, in art. سوف.] One says, عِيلَ مَا هُوَ عَائِلُهُ i. e. غُلِبَ مَا هُوَ غَالِبُهُ [May he be overcome! Of what is he the overcomer?]: (Ṣ, Meyd, O, Ḳ:) a prov., (Meyd,) applied to him at whose speech, or some other thing proceeding from him, (Ṣ, Meyd, O, Ḳ,) of a like sort, (Ḳ,) one wonders: (Ṣ, Meyd, O, Ḳ:) it is of the nature of a prayer, (Ṣ, Meyd, O,) for the man; (Meyd;) like the saying, when a thing pleases one, قَاتَلَهُ ٱللّٰهُ, and أَخْزَاهُ ٱللّٰهُ. (TA.) And عِيلَ صَبْرِى My patience was overcome; (Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) and so عَالَ صَبْرِى: (Abu-l-Jarráh, Lḥ, Ḳ:) or, accord. to Aboo-Tálib, the former may mean رُفِعَ [i. e., was taken away, lit. raised; and if so, the latter may in like manner mean اِرْتَفَعَ]. (TA.) عَالَتِ البَيْقُورَ, occurring in a verse of Umeiyeh Ibn-Abi-s-Salt, refers to a year of drought, and means It oppressed the [wild] oxen, by occasioning their having سَلَع and عُشَر tied to their tails and set on fire, and being made to ascend upon the mountain; by the doing of which, the Arabs asserted that they obtained rain. (Ṣ, O. [See art. سلع.])

عَالَكَ عَالِيًا [in which عَالَكَ app. signifies properly رَفَعَكَ, the agent (ٱللّٰهُ) being understood,] is like the saying لَعًا لَكَ عَالِيًا, (Ḳ, TA, [in the CK لَعا لَكَ,]) and is expl. in the T as meaning Mayest thou rise, or be raised, after stumbling, or falling. (TA.)

عِيلَ عَوْلُهُ [app. signifying lit. May the wailing for him be raised (in the CK عَوْلَةً)] means may his mother be bereft of him; as also عَالَ عَوْلُهُ. (Ḳ, TA.)

عَيَّلَهُمْ [app. formed from عِيَالٌ, in which the ى is originally و]: see 1, first sentence.

It signifies also He made them to become what are termed عِيَال [i. e. a family, or household]: or he neglected them: (Ḳ:) or تَعْيِيلٌ signifies the feeding badly. (Ṣ and O in art. عيل.)

عيّل as intrans.: see 1, fourth sentence.

عوّل عَلَيْهِ He acted, or behaved, with boldness, or presumptuousness, towards him; or confided in his love, and therefore acted presumptuously towards him; and he put, or imposed as a burden, upon him [some affair]; (AZ, Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) as alsoأَعْوَلَ↓ عَلَيْهِ, (Ḳ, TA,) part. n.مُعْوِلٌ↓. (TA.) One says, عَوَّلْتُ عَلَى فُلَانٍ, I put, or imposed as a burden, upon such a one, somewhat of my affair: and عَوِّلْ عَلَىَّ Put thou, or impose thou as a burden, upon me what thou desirest. (Ḥam p. 125.)

And He asked aid of him; (Ḳ, TA;) as also عوّل بِهِ. (TA.) One says, عَوِّلٌ عَلَىَّ بِما شِئْتَ Ask thou aid of me in what thou wilt; as though he said, put thou, or impose thou as a burden, upon me, what thou likest. (Ṣ, O.)

And He relied upon it, or confided in it; (Mṣb, Ḳ;) namely, a thing; as also عوّل بِهِ; inf. n. تَعْوِيلٌ (Mṣb) andمُعَوَّلٌ↓, (Ḳ, TA,) thus on the authority of Th, who thus explains it in the saying, (TA,) of Imra-el-Ḳeys, (O,)

* وَإنَّ شِفَائِى عَبْرَةٌ مُهَرَقَةٌ *

* فَهَلْ عِنْدَ رَسْمٍ دَارِسٍ مِنْ مُعَوَّلِ *

[When verily my cure is a flow of tears poured forth: but is there reliance, or confidence, to be felt at the remains of an abode becoming rased, or effaced?]: orمُعَوَّل↓ is here an inf. n. of عَوَّلْتُ in the sense of أعْوَلْتُ, i. e. بَكَيْتُ; so that the meaning is, weeping: (TA:) or it here means a place of weeping: or, as some say, a seeking of any means of profiting. (O. [See also EM pp. 6 and 7.]) One says likewise, عَلَيْهِ المُعَوَّلُ↓, meaning [Upon him is placed] reliance. (TA.)

See also 4.

And عوّل, (Ḳ, and Ḥam p. 125,) or عوّل عَالَةً, (Ṣ, O,) inf. n. تَعْوِيلٌ, (Ḳ,) signifies He (a pastor, Ḥam) made, or constructed, a shelter from the rain, termed عالة, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ, and Ḥam * ubi suprà,) by binding some branches of a tree to some branches of a tree near to the former, and then covering them with small lopped wood such as is used for firewood. (Ḥam.)

أعَالَهُمْ: see 1, first sentence.

اعال and أعْوَلَ and أَعْيَلَ as intrans.: see 1, former half, in six places.

اعال الفَرَئِضَ or الفَرِيضَةَ: see 1, latter half.

See also 2, former half.

أَعْوَلَ (Sh, Ṣ, O, Ḳ) andعوّل↓ (Sh, O, Ḳ) He wept; (O;) as alsoاِعْتَوَلَ↓: (O, Ḳ:) or he wailed; i. e. raised his voice with weeping, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) and cried out; (Ḳ;) or wept, and cried out; عَلَيْهِ for him: (Sh, O, Mṣb:) and an instance occurs, in a verse of ʼObeyd-Allah Ibn-ʼAbd-Allah Ibn-'Otbeh, cited by Th, of اعول trans. by itself, عَلَى being suppressed. (TA.)

[Hence,] one says also, أَعْوَلَتِ القَوْسُ † The bow produced a sound: (Ṣ, M, O, Ḳ, TA:) in some lexicons, as in the L, erroneously, الفَرَسُ. (TA.)

And اعال and أَعْوَلَ (AZ, O, Ḳ, and Ṣ in art. مُعْوِلٌ) and مُعْيِلٌ (Ḳ) signify He (a man, Ḳ) desired vehemently, eagerly, greedily, very greedily, or with avidity; or did so excessively, or culpably; or coveted; (AZ, Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) part. ns. مُعْوِلٌ↓ andمُعْيِلٌ↓. (TA.)

عَالٌ a word occurring in the saying مَا لَهُ عَالٌ وَلَا مَالٌ, which means He has not anything belonging to him. (Ḳ.)

عَوْلٌ: see عَوِيلٌ.

عَوْلَ is a word like وَيْبَ: one says, عَوْلَكَ and عَوْلَ زَيْدٍ [i. e. May God decree thy woe and the woe of Zeyd, virtually meaning woe to thee and woe to Zeyd]: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) and عَوْلٌ لِزَيْدٍ [lit. meaning Woe to Zeyd]: (Ṣ, O:) or, accord. to Sb and others, عَوْلَ is used only as a sequent to وَيْلَ; they said وَيْلَهُ وَعَوْلَهُ; in which, Az says, ويل and عول both signify weeping, or lamentation with tears; and Aboo-Tálib says that they are put in the accus. case as expressive of an imprecation and of blame, like as is done in the sayings وَيْلًا لَهُ and تُرَابًا لَهُ. (TA.)

Also Any affair, or event, that renders one anxious: (Ḳ,* TA:) app. an inf. n. used thus as a subst. (TA.)

And One whose aid is asked (Ḳ, TA) in affairs of difficulty or importance. (TA. [See also مُعَوَّلٌ.])

And The food of a family or household. (Ḳ.)

عِوَلٌ is [said to be] a subst. signifying Reliance, and confidence: (Ṣ,* Ḳ, TA:) and [it is said that] هُوَ عِوَلِى signifies He is my stay, or support: the word, however, occurs in this form, twice, in a verse of Taäbata-sharrà, accord. to the relation thereof by Aboo-ʼIkrimeh; but accord. to others it is عَوَلٌ↓, with fet-ḥ to the ع and و, and is said to be an inf. n.; whereas the former is said to be pl. ofعَوْلَةٌ↓; [and the two words signify, respectively, a weeping and weepings; for] by his saying

* لٰكِنَّمَا عِوَلِى إِنْ عِوَلٍ *

the poet means If I wept for any one, I would weep, &c. (TA.)

And عِوَلٌ is also a subst. signifying An asking for aid. (Ḳ, TA.)

عَالَةٌ A ظُلَّة [or covering], (Ḳ,) or a thing like a ظُلَّة, (Ṣ, O,) used as a shelter from the rain, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) constructed with cuttings of trees [in a manner described above: see 2, last sentence]. (TA.)

And i. q. نَعَامَةٌ, (Kr, Ḳ,) either as meaning The species of animal thus called [i. e. an ostrich], or as meaning a ظُلَّة, for thus نَعَامَةٌ also signifies. (TA.)

[As a pl.: see عِيَالٌ.]

See also art. عيل.

عَوِيلٌ A wailing; i. e. a raising of the voice with weeping; as alsoعَوْلٌ↓ andعَوْلَةٌ↓: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) or a weeping and crying out: (Mṣb:) and sometimes it signifies a cry, or voice, from the chest, without weeping: (O, TA:) and sometimes عَوْلَةٌ↓ signifies the burning sensation of grief and of love, without a raising of the voice and without weeping. (TA.) [See also عَوَّالٌ.]

Also Weak:

and hence it is used as a name for One of the ropes of a ship or boat. (TA.)

عِيَالٌ, belonging to this art. and to art. عيل; (Ḳ, mentioned in the Ṣ and O in the latter art.;) or its ى is substituted for و, for it is from عَالَ, aor. يَعُولُ, in the first of the senses expl. above, and seems to be an inf. n. used in the sense of a pass. part. n.; (IB, TA;) [and if so, it may be used as a sing. (as it is in the Ksh and by Bḍ in xvi. 78 and in the Ṣ and Mgh, &c. voce كَلٌّ and in the O and Ḳ voce حَمِيلَةٌ) and also as a pl.; but in general] it signifies A family, or household; (Mṣb;) [i. e.,] a man's عِيَال are the persons whom he feeds, nourishes, or sustains; (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ;) or the persons who dwell with him, and whose expenses are incumbent on him, as his young man, or slave, his wife, and his young child: (KT:) andعَيِّلٌ↓ signifies the same: (Ḳ:) or this latter (which is originally عَيْوِلٌ, TA) is sing. of عِيَالٌ x(Ṣ, Mgh, O, Mṣb) and of عَيَائِلُ, (Ṣ, O,) like as جَيِّدٌ is sing. of جِيَادٌ (Ṣ, Mgh, O, Mṣb) and of جَيَائِدُ; (Ṣ, O;) the last being a pl. pl., (Ḳ in art. عيل,) [as also عِيَالَاتٌ, of which see an ex. voce أزْمَلٌ;] but is sometimes used as a pl., for عَشَرَةُ عَيِّلٍ, accord. to an ex. in a trad., signifies ten persons fed, nourished, or sustained, by a man: (TA:) or the pl. [ofعَيِّلٌ↓] is عَالَةٌ, (Kr, Ḳ,) [like as سَادَةٌ is said to be pl. of سَيِّدٌ,] or, accord. to ISd, it is pl. of عَائِلٌ, [q. v. in art. عيل, and in like manner سَادَةٌ is held by him to be pl. of سَائِدٌ, not of سَيِّدٌ,] for [he says that] a word of the measure فَيْعِلٌ never forms a pl. [like عَالَةٌ, which is] of the measure فَعَلَةٌ; (TA;) and [عَيَائِلُ is applied to women, for] one says نِسْوَةٌ عَيَائِلُ. (Ḳ.) العِيَالُ [as meaning † The dependants for sustenance] is also used, metaphorically, in relation to birds, and to predaceous and other beasts. (TA.) And أُمُّ العِيَالِ is a name for † The cooking-pot. (T in art. ام.)

عَوَالَةٌ Want: and intrusion at feasts, uninvited. (TA.)

عَوَّالٌ A weeping: an inf. n. [or rather a quasi-inf. n.] of عَوَّلَ: pl. عَوَاوِيلُ, and by poetic license عَوَاوِلُ. (TA.) [See also عَوِيلٌ.]

عَائِلٌ [act. part. n. of عَالَ].

One says أَمْرٌ عَائِلٌ and عَالٍ, the latter being formed by transposition, meaning [An affair, or event,] hard to be borne, severe, or distressing, and great, or formidable. (TA.)

عَائِلٌ applied to a measure of capacity means Exceeding others. (IAạr, TA in art. عيل.)

أَعْوَلُ i. q. أَشَدُّ [More, and most, hard to be borne,, &c.]: and أَعْلَى, occurring in a verse of Aboo-Dhu-eyb, signifies the same, being formed from أَعْوَلُ by transposition. (TA.)

مَعُولٌ [Fed, nourished, or sustained:, &c.]

[And] Overcome: applied in this sense to patience: (Ḳ:) and to a man, in respect of his opinion, or judgment. (TA.)

مُعْوَلٌ, followed by عَلَيْهِ, Wailed for: thus in the trad., المُعْوَلُ عَلَيْهِ يُعَذَّبُ, (Ṣ, O,) or, as some relate it, المُعَوَّلُ↓; i. e. He (of the dead) who is wailed for will be punished. (O.)

مِعْوَلٌ [A pickaxe, or stone-cutter's pick; (so in the present day;)] the iron implement, (Ḳ,) a large فَأْس, (Ṣ, O, Mṣb,) with which are pecked, or hollowed out, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) rocks, or great masses of stone, (Ṣ, O,) or mountains: (Ḳ:) pl. مَعَاوِلُ. (Ṣ, O.) [See also صَاقُورٌ.]

مُعْيِلٌ A man having a family, or household, whom he has to feed; [or, accord. to an explanation of its verb, having a numerous family or household;] as alsoمُعَيَّلٌ↓, like مُحَمَّدٌ [in measure]: (TA: [see also art. عيل:]) orمُعَيَّلٌ↓ signifies one whose property is deficient and whose family, or household, have overcome him. (TA in art. خلع.)

See also 4, last sentence.

مُعَوَّلٌ One of whom aid, or succour, is asked: (Ṣ, O, TA:) and one upon whom reliance, or confidence is placed. (TA.) One says, مَا لَهُ فِى القَوْمِ مِنْ مُعَوَّلٍ He has not, among the people, or party, any of whom aid is [to be] asked. (Ṣ, O.) [See also عَوْلٌ.]

It is also an inf. n. of عَوَّلَ. (Th. Ḳ. TA.) See that verb, in three places.

Also A place of weeping [or of wailing]: so, accord. to some, in the verse cited in the second paragraph [q. v.]. (O.)

See also مُعْوَلٌ.

مُعَيِّلٌ A constructor of the sort of shelter from the rain called عَالَة. (Skr, Ṣ, O.)