Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

عَاشَ, (Ṣ, A, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. يَعِيشُ, inf. n. عَيْشٌ (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ) and مَعَاشٌ and مَعِيشٌ (Ṣ, O, Ḳ.) and مَعِيشَةٌ and عِيشَةٌ and عَيْشُوشَةٌ (O, Ḳ) and in the dial. of El-Azd مَعُوشَةٌ, (Ḳ in art. عوش, and TA.) He lived; (Ṣ, A,* O, Ḳ;) [he passed life in a particular manner of state:] he became possessed of life. (Mṣb.) You say,. عَاشَ فُلَانٌ عِيشَةً رَاضِيَةً Such a one lived a pleasant [life (if we regard عِيشَة as a simple inf. n., as it is said to be above,) or] state [or sort] of life. (A.) [See also عِيشَةٌ, below.]

عايشهُ, inf. n. مُعَايَشَةٌ, He lived with him; like as you say عَاشَرَهُ. (TA.)

اعاشهُ He (God, Ṣ, A) made him to live; (Ṣ, A, O,* Ḳ;) as alsoعيّشهُ↓, (O,* Ḳ,) inf. n. تَعْيِيشٌ. (TA.) You say, اعاشهُ ٱللّٰهُ عِيشَةً رَاضِيَةٌ [God made him to live a pleasant life, or state or sort of life]. (Ṣ.)

تعيّش He constrained himself to obtain the means of life: (Ṣ;) or he had what was barely sufficient, of sustenance, nothing remaining over and above it. (TA.)

تعايشوا [They lived together: one with another]. You say, تعايشوا بِأُلْفَةٍ وَمَوَدَّةٍ [They lived together with sociableness and affection]. (A, TA.)

عَيْشٌ [an inf. n. of 1.]

[As a subst.,] Life: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) or particularly animal life. (Kull p. 262.) It is said in a prove., أَنْتَ مَرَّةٌ عَيْشٌ وَمَرَّةٌ جَيْشٌ. meaning, Thou act at one time in an easy state of life, and at one time in the state of life of warriors: (AʼObeyd, as cited in the TA: [but for عَيْشِ غَزِىّ in my original, we should perhaps read عَيْشٍ عَزِيزٍ, i. e. a difficult state of life:]) or thou benefitest at one time, and injurest at another (TA.) And a man to whom IAạr said “How is such a one '” answered عَيْشٌ وَجَيْشٌ, meaning At one time with me, and at one time against me. (TA.) [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 70 and ii. 699]

Also I. q. مَعِيشَةٌ, in senses pointed out below (Ḳ.) see the latter, in four places.

And [hence,] Wheat, or other food; syn. طَعَامٌ; (IDrd, A, O, Ḳ;) in the dial. of El-Ḥijáz, (A.) or of El-Yemen: (IDrd, O, TA:) and seed-produce; in the dial. of El-Ḥijáz: (A, TA:) and bread; (Ḳ:) in the dial. of Egypt. (TA.)

عِيشَةٌ [see 1, in two places.]

A state, (A,) or sort. (TA,) of life. (A, TA.) You say, عَاشَ عِيشَةُ صِدْقٍ, and عِيشَةَ سَوْءٍ, He lived a good sort of life, and an evil sort of life. (TA.)

عَائِشٌ [Living:] having life: and in like manner, but in an intensive sense, (app. meaning having much of the means of life or living well.) عَيَّاشٌ↓: fem. of the former with ة {عَائِشَةٌ}. (Mṣb.)

A man in a good state or condition [of life] (Lth, A, O, Ḳ.)

مَعَاشٌ andمَعِيشٌ↓ may be used as substantives as well as inf. ns., like مَعَابٌ and مَعِيبٌ; (Ṣ, O, TA;) and signify, like مَعِيشَةٌ, That whereby one lives: or that [place and time] in which one lives: (TA:) [or rather, they have both these significations; but معاش has generally the latter. whereas معيشة, q. v., and معيش, are generally used in the former sense, or one similar to it:] مَعَاشٌ also signifies the place of subsistence; or the known, or usual, place thereof: and the time wherein one seeks sustenance. (TA.) Thus, (TA,) الأَرْضُ مَعَاشُ الخَلْقِ [The earth is the place of subsistence of mankind, or of the created beings]. (A, O, TA.) And النَّهَارُ مَعَاشٌ The day is the time for seeking sustenance: as in the Ḳur, lxxviii. 11. (O, TA.) See also مَعِيشَةٌ, in two places.

مَعِيشَةٌ inf. n. of عَاشَ [q. v.]. (Ḳ.)

Also Victuals, living, sustenance, or food and drink by which one lives; (Lth, A, O, Ḳ;) as alsoعَيْشٌ↓; (A;) whence you say that dates are the عَيْش of such a family: (TA:) that whereby life subsists; the means of life or subsistence; (A, Ḳ;) as alsoعَيْشٌ↓: (A, TA:) that whereby one lives; as alsoعَيْشٌ↓ (A, Ḳ, TA) andمَعَاشٌ↓ andمَعِيشٌ↓; (TA;) or [the state] wherein one lives; (A, Ḳ, TA;) as alsoعَيْشٌ↓ (A) andمَعَاشٌ↓ andمَعِيشٌ↓: (TA:) the means of obtaining that whereby one lives: (Aboo-Is-ḥáḳ, TA:) the gain, or earnings, by means of which a man lives; (Mgh, Mṣb;) as alsoمَعِيشٌ↓: (Mṣb:) the pl. is مَعَايِشُ, (Ṣ, O, Mṣb,) accord. to general opinion, (Mṣb,) without ء, (Ṣ, O, Mṣb,) when formed from the original of the sing., which is مَعْيِشَةٌ, of the measure مَفْعِلَةٌ; (Ṣ, O;) or because it is from عَاشَ, so that the measure of the pl. is مَفَاعِلُ: (Mṣb:) but when it is formed from the secondary form of the sing., it is with ء, [مَعَائِشُ,] مَفْعِلَةٌ being in this case likened to فَعِيلَةٌ, like as مَصَائِبُ is with ء because the ى [in its sing.] is quiescent; but some of the grammarians hold this latter pl. to be incorrect: (Ṣ, O:) all the Basree grammarians hold it to be so: (TA:) or, accord. to some, مَعِيشٌ↓ and مَعِيشَةٌ are from معش; and the pl. in question is therefore of the measure فَعَائِلُ, with ء. (Mṣb.)

مَعِيشَةٌ ضَنْكٌ The punishment of the grave: (O, Ḳ:) so, accord. to most of the expositors, in the Ḳur xx. 123: or, as some say, [strait sustenance] in the fire of hell. (O, TA.)

مُتَعَيِّشٌ One who constrains himself to obtain the means of life: (TA:) or who has what is barely sufficient, of sustenance, nothing remaining over and above it. (Lth, A, O, Ḳ.)