Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

غَبَرَ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. ـُ {يَغْبُرُ}, (Ṣ, Mṣb,) inf. n. غُبُورٌ, (Mṣb, Ḳ,) He, or it, (a thing, Ṣ) remained, lasted, or continued: (Ṣ, Mṣb, TA:) and (Mṣb) he (a man, JK) tarried, stayed, or waited. (JK, Zbd, Mṣb, Ḳ.)

And He, or it, passed, passed away, or went away. (Mṣb, Ḳ.) It is sometimes used in this latter sense; (Mṣb;) and thus it has two contr. significations. (Mṣb, Ḳ.)

And It was future. (KL.)

See also 9.

غَبِرَ: see 5, last two sentences.

Also, this last, aor. ـَ {يَغْبَرُ}, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) inf. n. غَبَرٌ, (Ṣ,) said of a wound, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) It was, or became, in a corrupt state: (Ḳ:) or it became in a healing state, and then became recrudescent: (Ṣ:) or it was always recrudescent: and it became in a healing state upon, or over, corruptness: (IḲṭṭ, TA:) or it healed externally while in a withering state internally. (L.)

And [hence, perhaps,] غَبِرَ said of a man, † He bore rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite; or hid enmity, or violent hatred, in his heart. (IḲṭṭ, TA.)

غبّر النَّاقَةَ: see 5.

[Hence, app., as inf. n. of the pass. verb,] التَّغْبِيرُ signifies The milk's becoming drawn up or withdrawn [from the udder]. (TA.)

غبّرهُ, inf. n. تَغْبِيرٌ, He sullied, or sprinkled, him, or it, with dust. (Ḳ.)

See also 4, in two places.

[Hence,] تَغْبِيرٌ signifies also A reciting of poetry, or verses, in the praising, or glorifying, of God, in which the performers trill, or quaver, and prolong, the voice; whence the epithet مُغَبِّرَة; as though the persons thus called, being affected with a lively emotion, danced, and raised the dust: thus accord. to Lth: (TA:) or the saying لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا ٱللّٰهُ, (IDrd, IḲṭṭ, Ḳ, TA,) in the praising, or glorifying, of God: (Ḳ, TA:) or it signifies, (IDrd, TA,) or signifies also, (IḲṭṭ, Ḳ, TA,) the reiterating the voice in reciting [the Ḳur-án], &c. (IDrd, IḲṭṭ, Ḳ, TA) Esh-Shá- fi'ee is related to have said that, in his opinion, this تَغْبِير was instituted by the زَنَادِقَة [pl. of زِنْدِيقٌ, q. v.], in order that they might turn away [others thereby] from the [simple] praising, or glorifying, of God, and from the reciting of the Ḳur-án. (Az, TA.)

غبّر ضَيْفَهُ, inf. n. as above, He gave his guest, to eat, غُبْرَان [meaning dates thus termed]: (TA:) the verb thus used is like لَهَّجَ [and لَمَّجَ, &c.]. (L, TA.)

مَا غَبَّرَتْ إِلَّا لِطَلَبِ المِرَآءِ is a saying mentioned by AZ [app. meaning She did not oppose and then acquiesce save for the purpose of obstinate disputation]: see غَبَرٌ. (TA.)

اغبر He (a man) raised the dust; (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ;) as alsoغبّر↓, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) inf. n. تَغْبِيرٌ. (Ṣ.) [Hence,]غَبَّرَ↓ فِى وَجْهِهِ [so, evidently, but written in the TA without any syll. signs, lit. He raised the dust in his face; meaning,] † he outwent him; outstripped him; went, or got, before him. (TA.)

And اغبر فِى طَلَبِ الحَاجَةِ † He strove, laboured, exerted himself, or employed himself vigorously or diligently, in seeking after the thing that he wanted; (ISk, Ṣ, Ḳ;) he hasted, made haste, or was quick, in doing so; as though, by reason of his eagerness and quickness, he raised the dust. (TA.)

أَغْبَرْتُ فِى الشَّىْءِ † I set about, or commenced, doing the thing. (IḲṭṭ.)

أَغْبَرَتْ عَلَيْنَا السَّمَآءُ † The sky rained upon us vehemently. (Ṣ,* Ḳ,* TA.)

See also 9.

تغبّر النَّاقَةَ He milked the camel, drawing what remained in her udder; (Z, Ṣgh, Ḳ, TA;) as alsoغَبَّرَهَا↓. (Ḥam p. 527.)

Hence the following saying, of a people who had increased and multiplied, on their being asked how it was that they had increased: كُنَّا لَا نَلْتَبِئُ الصَّغِيرَ وَلَا نَتَغَبَّرُ الكَبِيرَ † We used not to take the first seed of the young, nor the remainder of the seed of the old; meaning the marrying them, from eagerness to procreate. (TA. [But لَا is there omitted in both clauses, and نَلْتَبِسُ is put by mistake for نَلْتَبِئُ.]) [See also art. لبأ.]

And hence, (TA,) تغبّر مِنَ المَرْأَةِ وَلَدً (Ṣ, Ḳ) † He got offspring from the woman [she being old]. (Ḳ.) It is related that a certain man, (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) an Arab of the desert, (Z,) ʼOthmán, accord. to the Ḳ, but correctly, as in the Genealogies of Ibn-El-Kelbee, Ghanm (غَنْمٌ) with gheyn moved by fet-ḥ, and a quiescent noon, (TA,) the son of Ḥabeeb (Ḳ, TA) the son of Kaab the son of Bekr the son of Yeshkur the son of Wáïl, (TA,) married a woman advanced in age, (Ṣ, Z,) Rakáshi the daughter of 'Ámir, (Ḳ,) and it was said to him, “She is old:” (Ṣ,* Ḳ,* TA:) whereupon he said, لَعَلِّى أَتَغَبَّرُ مِنْهَا وَلَدًا (Ṣ, Ḳ) May-be I shall get from her offspring: (TA:) and when a son was born to him, he named him غُبَرُ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) like غُمَرُ; (Ṣ;) and he became the father of a tribe. (TA.)

تغبّر also signifies He, or it, became sullied, or sprinkled, with dust; (TA;) as alsoغَبِرَ↓. (L.) You say alsoغَبِرَ↓ التَّمْرُ The dates, or dried dates, became dusty. (TA.)

اغبرّ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) inf. n. اِغْبِرَارٌ, (Ṣ,) It was, or became, dust-coloured; of a colour like dust; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) as alsoغَبَرَ↓, (Ḳ,) inf. n. غُيُورٌ and غُبْرَةٌ; (TA;) andأَغْبَرَ↓, (Ḳ,) inf. n. إِغْبَارٌ. (TA.)

It (a day) became very dusty. (Aboo-ʼAlee, Ḳ.)

غُبْرٌ A remain, remainder, remnant, relic, or residue, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) of a thing; (Ḳ;) generally, of the blood of the menses, (Ḳ,) and of milk in the udder: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) as alsoغُبَّرٌ↓: (Mṣb, Ḳ:) orغُبَّرٌ↓ is a pl. of غُبْرٌ: [but if so it is extr.:] (TA:) or the pl. of غُبْرٌ is أَغْبَارٌ: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) andغُبَّرٌ↓ is pl. ofغَابِرٌ↓ [used as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant]; (AʼObeyd, TA;) and signifies remains,, &c.: (AʼObeyd, Ṣ, TA:) andغُبَّرَاتٌ↓ is a pl. pl.; i. e., pl. ofغُبَّرٌ↓. (AʼObeyd, TA.) You say بِهَا غُبْرٌ مِنْ لَبَنٍ In her (the camel) is a remain of milk. (Ṣ.) Andغُبَّرُ↓ الحَيْضِ signifies The remains [of the blood] of the menses; (Ṣ;) as also غُبْرُهُ. (Ḥam p. 37.) Andغُبَّرُ↓ المَرَضِ The remains of the disease. (Ṣ.) And in like manner,غُبَّرُ↓ اللَّيْلِ (Ṣ) The last part, and the remains, of the night. (TA.) It is said in a trad. of ʼAmr Ibn-El-Ás,مَا تَأَبَّطَتْنِى الإِمَآءُ وَلَا حَمَلَتْنِى البَغَايَا فِى غُبَّرَاتِ↓ المَآلِى [Female slaves did not carry me under their armpits,] i. e., female slaves did not have the office of rearing me, nor did prostitutes carry me in the remains of the rags used for the menses. (TA.) And in another trad.,فَلَمْ يَبْقَ إِلَّا غُبَّرَاتٌ↓ مِنْ أَهْلِ الكِتَابِ, orغُبَّرُ↓ أَهْلِ الكِتَابِ, accord. to different relations, i. e. And there remained not save remains of the people of the Scripture, or the remains, &c. (TA.) And in a trad. of Mo'áwiyeh, بِفَنَائِهِ أَعْنُزٌ دَرُّهُنَّ غُيْرٌ [In the court of his house were some she-goats whose flow of milk was a mere remain of what it had been,] meaning, little. (L.) [See also غَابِرٌ.]

غِبْرٌ † Rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite; or concealed enmity and violent hatred: (Ḳ, TA:) like غِمْرٌ. (TA.)

غَبَرٌ A remaining, lasting, or continuance; (TA;) and soمَغْبَرٌ↓. (Ḥam p. 225.)

[And by some of the grammarians it is used as signifying The future: see also غَابِرٌ.]

Also A certain disease in the interior of the foot of a camel. (Ḳ.)

And A morbid affection in a vein, that will hardly, or in nowise, be cured. (TA.) [See also غَبِرٌ.]

دَاهِيَةُ الغَبَرِ (said by AʼObeyd to be from the phrase جُرْحٌ غَبِرٌ [q. v.], TA) means A calamity, or misfortune, (JK, Ṣ, Ḳ,) of great magnitude, (Ṣ,) which, (JK, Ṣ,) or the like whereof, (Ḳ,) is such that no way of escape therefrom will be found: (JK, Ṣ,* Ḳ:*) or a trial, or an affliction, that will hardly, or in nowise, depart: (TA:) or a person who opposes thee, disagreeing with thee, and then returns, or has regard, to thy saying; (Ḳ, TA;) whence the saying, mentioned by AZ,مَا غَبَّرَتْ↓ إِلَّا لِطَلَبِ المِرَآءِ. (TA. [See 2, last sentence.])

صَمَّآءُ الغَبَرِ, occurring in a verse of El-Hirmázee in praise of El-Mundhir Ibn-Járood, to whom it is applied, is expl. by Z as meaning The serpent that dwells near to a small water in a place where it collects and stagnates, and that will not be approached. (TA.) And [it is said that] الغَبَرُ signifies Water little in quantity. (O.)

Also Dust, or earth; syn. تُرَابٌ. (Ḳ.) [See also غُبَارٌ.]

جُرْحٌ غَبِرٌ A wound in a corrupt state: (Ḳ:) or that becomes in a healing state upon, or over, corruptness, and then becomes recrudescent after having healed. (TA.)

Hence, عِرْقٌ غَبِرٌ A vein constantly becoming recrudescent; (Ṣ, TA;) called in Pers. [and hence in Arabic] نَاسُور [q. v.]. (TA.)

نَاقَةٌ غَدِرَةٌ غَبِرَةٌ غَمِرَةٌ A she-camel that remains, or lags, behind the other camels in being driven. (L in art. غدر.)

غُبَرٌ A kind [or species] of fish; as alsoغَوْبَرٌ↓. (O, Ḳ.)

غَبْرَةٌ A sullying, or sprinkle, of, or with, dust. (TA.)

غُبْرَةٌ Dust-colour; a colour like dust: (Ṣ, L, Ḳ:) and a dusty hue of complexion arising from grief or anxiety and the like. (L.)

See also غُبَارٌ.

غُبْرَانٌ Two ripe dates upon one base; pl. غَبَارِينُ: (Ḳ, TA:) so says AʼObeyd: or two, or three, full-grown unripe dates upon one base; and it has no pl. of its own radical letters: or, accord. to AḤn, several small green dates that come forth upon one base. (TA.)

غُبْرُورٌ A certain small bird of the passerine kind, (O, L, Ḳ, TA,) dust-coloured: (O, L, TA:) so says AḤát in the “Book of Birds:” pl. غَبَارِيرٌ: (O:) it is the same as is mentioned in an earlier part of this art. in the Ḳ by the name of غُبْرُون↓, which is a mistranscription. (TA.)

غُبَارٌ andغَبَرَةٌ↓ signify the same, (Ṣ, L, Ḳ,) as alsoغُبْرَةٌ↓; (IAạr, Ḳ:) i. e. Dust; syn. رَهَجٌ: (L:) or the first, dust raised and spreading: (L:) or what remains of dust raised and spreading: (B, TA:) and the second, the moving to and fro of dust. (L.)

You say طَلَبَ فُلَانًا فَمَا شَقَّ غُبَارَهُ † [He pursued after such a one but did not cleave his dust;] i. e., he did not overtake him. (TA.) And مَا يُشَقُّ غُبَارُهُ, and مَا يُحَطُّ غُبَارُهُ, † He is not to be outgone, outstripped, or got before. (TA.) [See also بَاعَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى بَيْعِ فُلَانٍ, in art. بيع.]

لَا غُبَارَ عَلَيْهِ † [There is no dust upon it; meaning, it (a phrase or the like) is clear, or perspicuous, or free from obscurity; like the saying لَا عَفَرَ فِيهِ, or لَا عَفْرَ لَهُ]. (TA, in many places.)

غَبِيرٌ A sort of dates. (Ḳ, TA.)

غُبَيْرَآءُ [dim. of غَبْرَآءُ]: see أَغْبَرُ, in two places.

Also A certain plant [or tree], (Ḳ,) well known, (Ṣ,) growing in the plains; (TA;) [the service-tree, or sorb: or its fruit: so called in the present day: as is also the “inula undulata:”] and soغَبْرَآءُ↓: (Ḳ:) so called because of the colour of its leaves; the fruit of which, when it appears, becomes intensely red: (TA:) or the former is the tree, and the latter is the fruit: or the converse is the case: (Ḳ:) the sing. and pl. are alike: all this says AḤn, in his “Book of Plants.” (TA.)

Also A kind of beverage, (شَرَاب, Ṣ, Ḳ, or نَبِيذ, Mṣb,) which intoxicates, made by the Abyssinians, (Ṣ,) from ذُرَة [or millet]; (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ;) also called سُكُرْكَة: (Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ:) or wine [or cider] made from the wellknown fruit of the same name [the service-apple]. (Th, TA.) [See also مِزْرٌ.] It is said in a trad., إِيَّاكُمْ وَٱلغُبَيْرَآءَ فَإِنَّهَا خَمْرُ العَالَمِ (Ṣ, Mgh, TA) Avoid ye the beverage called غبيراء; for it is like the wine that is commonly known of all men: there is no distinction to be made between the two drinks (Mgh, TA) with respect to prohibition. (TA.) In another trad., it is called غُبَيْرَآءُ السَّكَرِ; to distinguish it from a kind of غبيراء made of dates, or dried dates. (Mgh.)

غَابِرٌ Remaining; lasting; continuing: (Az, Ṣ, IAmb, Mgh:) this is the sense in which it is used by the Arabs: (Az:) or it is the meaning most commonly obtaining among them: (IAmb:) tarrying; staying; waiting: pl. غُبَّرٌ: (Ḳ:) and the pl. of غَابِرَةٌ is غَوَابِرُ. (TA.) You say قَوْمٌ غُبَّرٌ [A people remaining,, &c.]. (TA.) And غُيَّرُ النَّاسِ The later of mankind. (TA.) And هُوَ غَابِرُ بَنِى فُلَانٍ He is the relic of the sons of such a one. (TA.) And الغَابِرُ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ What remains of the night. (TA.) And جَوْفُ اللَّيْلِ الغَابِرُ The last division of the night. (Mgh.) And العَشْرُ الغَوَابِرُ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ The remaining, or last, ten nights of the month of Ramadán. (TA.) And قَطَعَ ٱللّٰهُ غَابِرَهُ وَدَابِرَهُ [May God cut off the last, and what remains, of him, or it: or may God extirpate him]. (TA.) See also غُبْرٌ

Passing; passing away; going away: past: syn. مَاضٍ; (Az, Ṣ, IAmb, Mgh;) or ذَاهِبٌ: (Ḳ:) so accord. to some of the lexicologists: (Az:) or so used sometimes, as, for instance, by the poet El-Aạshà: (IAmb:) thus it bears two contr. significations. (Ṣ.) You say, أَنْتَ غَابِرٌ غَدًاوَذِكْرُكَ غَابِرٌ أَبَدًا [Thou passest away to-morrow, but thy fame remaineth for ever]. (TA.)

[Future time. See an ex. in the first of the verses cited voce حَيْثُ. The meaning of “remaining” seems equally appropriate in that verse: but غابر is often used by grammarians in the last of the senses expl. above.]

الغَابِرَةُ means البَاقِيَةُ [The lasting, or everlasting, state of existence]; (Ḳ, TA;) i. e. الآخِرَةُ [the latter, or last, state]. (TA.)

أَغْبَرُ Dust-coloured; of a colour like dust: (Ṣ:) [fem. غَبْرَآءُ: and pl. غُبْرٌ.]

الأَغْبَرُ † The wolf; (Ḳ, TA;) because of his [dusty] colour: like الأَغْثَرُ. (TA.)

And الغَبْرَآءُ † The female of the حَجَل [or partridge]. (Ḳ.)

Also (الغَبْرَآءُ) ‡ The earth; (Ṣ, IAth, Mṣb, Ḳ;) because of its dusty colour; or because of the dust that is upon it: (TA:) opposed to الخَضْرَآءُ, which means “the sky,” or “heaven.” (IAth.)

And you say, جَآءَ عَلَى غَبْرَآءِ الظَّهْرِ † He came on foot: (Z, TA:) [i. e.] he came upon the earth, or ground; and soجَآءُ عَلَى غُبَيْرَآءِ↓ الظَّهْرِ: (M, TA:) or the latter means, he returned without his having obtained, or attained, anything: (T, TA:) or he returned without his having been able to accomplish the object of his want. (El-Aḥmar, TA.) Andتَرَكَهُ عَلَى غُبَيْرَآءِ↓ الظَّهْرِ † He left him in the possession of nothing: (M, TA:) accord. to Zeyd Ibn-Kethweh, it is said by one who has contended in an altercation with another and overcome him so as to become master of all that was in his hands: in all the copies of the Ḳ, [probably in consequence of an omission by an early transcriber,] it is expl. as meaning he returned disappointed, or unsuccessful; and so تركه على غَبْرَآءِ الظهر. (TA.)

بَنُو الغَبْرَآءِ † The poor, needy, or indigent; (Ṣ, IB, Ḳ, TA;) [to which is strangely added in one of my copies of the Ṣ and the guests;] so called because of their cleaving to the dust: (IB, TA:) and غَبْرَآءُ النَّاسِ likewise means the poor of mankind: or, as some say, the former means strangers from their homes: (TA:) or strangers, (Ḳ,) or persons, (TA,) who assemble together for [the drinking of] beverage, or wine, without mutual acquaintance: (Ḳ, TA:) or persons who contribute equally to the expenses which they have to incur in journeys: all of these meanings have been assigned to it in explaining a verse of Tarafeh: [see EM p. 85:] and it is also expl. in the A as meaning persons of whom one knows not to what family, or tribe, they belong: (TA:) and [it is said that] اِبْنُ غَبْرَآءَ signifies the thief, or robber. (T in art. بنى.)

غَبْرَآءُ also signifies † Land abounding with coverts of the kind termed خَمَر [q. v.]: (TA:) and land abounding with trees; (Ḳ;) or so أَرْضٌ غَبْرَآءُ; (TA;) as alsoغَبَرَةٌ↓. (Ḳ.)

Also † Herbage in plain, or soft, land. (Ṣgh, Ḳ.) [This is said in the TA to be more probably with ث; but I do not find any meaning like this assigned to غَثْرَآءُ.]

And † A species of plant. (Ṣ. [App. that called غُبَيْرَآءُ, q. v.])

وَطْأَةٌ غَبْرَآءُ † A footstep, or footprint, that is becoming obliterated, or effaced: (Ṣ, A, Ḳ:) or such as is recent. (Ḳ. [See also دَهْمَآءُ, voce أَدْهَمُ.])

And عِزٌّ أَغَبَرُ † Might departing; (Ḳ, TA;) becoming effaced. (TA.)

سَنَةٌ غَبْرَآءُ † A year of drought; (IAth, Ḳ;) a year in which is no rain: (TA in art. شهب:) pl. غُبْرٌ: so called because of the dustiness of the tracts of the horizon therein from paucity [or want] of rain, and of the ground from there being no herbage. (IAth.)

And جُوعٌ أَغْبَرُ † Severe hanger or famine. (TA.)

مُغْبَرٌّ A camel the interior of whose foot is in a withering state. (Aṣ, TA.)

مُغَبِّرَةٌ A party of men praising, or glorifying, God, by saying لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا ٱللّٰهُ, and reiterating the the voice in reciting [the Ḳur-án] &c.: (Lth, Ḳ, TA:) accord. to Zj, (TA,) so called because of their exciting men to be desirous of the غَابِرَة, which means the بَاقِيَة [or lasting, or everlasting, state of existence], (Ḳ, TA,) and to be undesirous of the evanescent, which is the present, state (TA.) [See 2.]

مِغْبَارٌ A palm-tree (نَخْلَةٌ) that becomes overspread with dust. (AḤn, Ḳ.)

And A she-camel that abounds with milk after the abounding therewith of those that have brought forth with her. (Ḳ.)

مُغْبُورٌ i. q. مُغْثُورٌ [q. v.]: (Kr, Ḳ:) the latter is the more approved term. (TA.)